• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권3_spc호
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• pp.417-426
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• 2021

Objective: Effects of inulin supplementation in diet of Haidong chicks under hypoxic conditions on production performance, intestinal morphologic change, microflora contents and the incidence of ascites were studied. Methods: Commercial male chicks (360) were randomly divided into 6 groups and were fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15 g/kg of inulin, respectively. Results: The body weight gain and feed intake were improved in chicks fed the diets supplemented with 0.1 and 0.125 g/kg of inulin, from d 1 to d 42 (p<0.05); moreover, blood parameters were positively affected when inulin was included in the diets and the thickness of the intestinal wall and muscle tissue in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum tended to increase (p<0.05), and the villi height and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (p<0.05). Regarding the number of goblet cells in duodenum, jejunum and ileum tended to increase when chicks were fed the diets supplemented with 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.15 g/kg (p<0.05) of inulin. When chicks were fed diets supplemented with 0.75 or 0.1 g/kg of inulin, a significant reduction of Escherichia coli counts in the cecum was observed; for a contrary, a significant increment of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was observed in cecum and ileum. Finally, supplementing the feed with inulin determined an overall reduction of ascites incidences in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Thus, the results observed in the present study clearly suggest that the diet supplementation with a quantity of inulin ranging between 0.1 and 0.125 g/kg, can improve growth performances, intestinal morphology, internal microbial balance and ascites incidence, in broiler chicks raised at high altitude area. Even though these findings may be of interest for the poultry industry, they may particularly be relevant in those areas characterized by high altitude such as Northwest China regions.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.229-237
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• 1986

The present study was carried out to observe the histopathological changes of the intestinal structures of slaughtered pigs at the abattoir of Jinjoo city. The tissue samples of the ileum and cecum were taken from 114 slaughtered pigs in four seasons. The

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.620-633
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• 1998

Methods developed for measuring digestibility and availability of amino acids in feedstuffs used in pig nutrition are reviewed. Digestibility is a proportion of an amino acid in a feed that is absorbed from the digestive tract and should be determined from the difference between the amount of amino acid consumed and passing the distal ileum. Techniques for ileal digesta sampling including various types of cannulas: a re-entrant, T-piece, IPV, IPVC and ileaorectal anastomosis are described and comparisons amongst these methods are presented. Other methodologies like mobile bag technique, in vitro assays and mathematical prediction method are also described. Significance and methodologies for measurement of endogenous nitrogen and amino acids losses at the distal ileum and their effect on the apparent and true nitrogen and amino acid digestibilities in feeds are discussed. Factors influencing the apparent and true amino acid digestibilities such as dry matter intake, protein, fibre and antinutritive compounds content in the diet are discussed. Amino acid bioavailability -the proportion of the total amino acid digested and absorbed in a form utilized in metabolism - measured by the growth assay may differ from its ileal digestibility. Chemical methods for determination of available lysine content in heat treated feeds are evaluated.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 1988

In order to evaluate the relationship between the bibliographical and clinical effectiveness of Socheongryoungtang, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of Socheongryoungtang on the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and isolated organ in the experimental animals. The following results of Socheongryoungtang were obtained; 1. The relaxing effect on the muscular contraction of isolated ileum induced by acetylcholine chloride, barium chloride and histamine${\cdot}$2HCl was recognized in mice, rat and guinea-pig. 2. The effect of direct vasodilatation was noted in rabbit. 3. The effect of hypotensor was recognized in rabbit. 4. The antihistamine effect was noted on both isolated ileum and tracheal strip-chain in guinea-pig. 5. The inhibitory effect on gastric ulcer induced by histamine${\cdot}$2HCl was noted in rat. 6. The inhibitory effect on vascular permeability was revealed in mice. 7. The antitussive effect was recognized in both dog and cat. 8. The effect of expectorant was recognized in rabbit. According to the above results, we has recognized that Socheongryoungtang has good efficacy for bibliographical and clinical diseases caused from respiratory system (especially allergic rhinitis etc.), cardiovascular system and digestive system.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.177-180
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• 1995

A 2-day-old male (Premie, Large for gestational age(LGA), Intrauterine period(IUP) 33 weeks, birth weight 2,955 gram) was transferred with marked abdominal distention, bilious return via the orogastric tube, respiratory difficulty, and generalized edema (hydrops fetalis). He was born by cesarean section to a 36 year-old mother. Antenatal ultrasonogram at IUP 31 weeks demonstrated multiple dilated bowel loops suggestive of intestinal obstruction. There was no family history of cystic fibrosis. Simple abdominal films disclosed diffuse haziness and suspicious fine calcifications in the right lower quadrant. Barium enema demonstrated a microcolon. Sweat chloride test was not available in our institution. At laparotomy, there noted 1) a segmental volvulus of the small bowel with gangrenous change, associated with meconium peritonitis, 2) an atresia of the ileum at the base of the volvulus, and 3) the terminal ileum distal to the volvulus was narrow and impacted with rabbit pellets-like thick meconium. These findings appeared to be very similar to those of a complicated meconium ileus. In summary, the ileal atresia and meconium peritonitis seemed to be caused by antenatal segmental volvulus of the small intestine in a patient with probable meconeum ileus.

• 생약학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1983

Experimental studies were made to evaluate clinical efficacy and validate Oriental medicine description of 'Banhabaikchulchenma-Tang' which has been used for controlling of headache, heartburn and giddiness, etc. The results of these studies were as follows; 1) Suppressive actions were not shown on convulsion due to spine and diencephatic causes. 2) Analgesic action was recognized in mice and rats. 3) Sedative actions due to prolongation of hypnosis time, muscle relaxation and decreasing locomotive function were noted. 4) Relaxing action was noted in the ileum of mice, also antagonistic antispasmodic action was recognized on contraction of the ileum induced by acteylcholine and $BaCl_2$. In connection with results of these studies, efficacy based on the Oriental medical reference were consistant with actual experimental results. It is considered that 'Banhabaikchulchenma-Tang' has the therapeutic effect on the headache and giddiness, etc.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.442-447
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• 2010

This study was conducted to determine whether treatment with the anti-inflammatory eupatilin influences intestinal smooth muscle contraction stimulated by carbachol and, if so, to investigate the related mechanism. Denuded ileal or colonic muscles from Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the study and measurements of isometric contractions were obtained using a computerized data acquisition system; this data was also combined with results from molecular experiments. Eupatilin from Artemisia asiatica Nakai significantly decreased carbachol-induced contractions in both ileal and colonic muscles. Interestingly, eupatilin decreased carbachol-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 more significantly than that of MYPT1 at Thr855 in ileal and colonic muscles. However, eupatilin significantly decreased phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr855, but only in ileal muscle. Therefore, thin filament regulation, including MEK inactivation and related phospho-ERK1/2 decrease, is mainly involved in the eupatilin-induced decrease of intestinal contraction induced by carbachol. In conclusion, this study provides the evidence and a possible related mechanism concerning the inhibitory effect of the flavonoid as an antispasmodic on the agonist-induced contractions in rat ileum and colonic muscles.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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• pp.232-232
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• 1994

인삼이 면역계 질환의 일종인 과민성 반응에 대한 치료약으로서의 가능성을 연구하기 위해서 in viva와 in vitra실험을 수행하였다. in vitra실험으로서는 hyaluronidase의 활성을 지표로 삼았으며, in viva실험에서는 mouse이각, rat등피부, 복강 비만세포, 그리고 guinea pig의 ileum에서 면역반응에 대한 아답타겐의 작용을 관찰하였다. in uitra 실험에서는 hyaluronidase와 histamine 분비를 항알레르기 작용의 지표로 사용하였다. hyaluronidase의 경우 그 활성은 Cacl2로 활성화 시키기 전이나 후에 모두 아답타겐(100, 50, 및 10 mg/ml)에 의해서 현저하게 억제되었다. 한편 rat 복강 비만 세포에서의 histamine유리 시험에서는 아답타겐(0.5, 1, 5mg/ml)이 histamine유리가 증가되었다. Guinea pig의 ileum 평활근에서는 아답타겐이 평활근 자극 작용없이 항히스타민 효과률 나타내었다. in uiua 실험의 첫 단계로 우리는 혈관 투과성에 미치는 아답타겐의 효과를 mouse 이각과 rat 등피부에서 관찰하였다. Mouse이각에서의 실험에서는 hoistamine, serotonin, 그리고 LTC4로 challenge하여 관찰한 결과 histamine과 serotonin의 경우, 혈관투과성 항진은 아답타겐(50-400mg/m1)에 의해서 유의성있게 억제되었으나, rat 등 피부에서는 mouse에서와는 달리 48-hr PCA가 증가 되었고, histamine에 의한 혈관투과성 항진은 아답타겐에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다. 반면에 compound 48/80과 serotonin에 의한 혈관투과성 항진은 mouse 의 경우에서처럼 아답타겐에 의해 억제되었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1973

흰쥐를 실험 동물로 하여 기본식에 0.5% 가 되도록 DL- ethionine 을 첨가하여 1 주 내지 4 주간 사육하고 회장 흡수상피세포의 소포체를 중심으로 하여 이와 관련있는 소기관들의 변화를 관찰한 성적을 요약하면 다음과 같다. rER 에 있어서는 attached ribosome 의 탈락과 그 내강의 확장을 free ribosome 에 있어서는 poly- some 의 감소와 monosome 의 증 가를, Golgi complex 에 있어서는 확장을, 그리고 sER에 있어서도 그 내강의 확장 등이 주적인 변화였다. 이 변화들은 ethionine 투여후 2 주째부터 나타나기 시작하여 점차로 성하여지는 경향이 있다. 이상의 연구 성적으로 보아 ethionine 을 투여하면 회장 흡수상피세포에 있어서도 간장이나 취장에서와 같이 단백 합성에 관하여는 소기관들에 주로 변화가 일어난다고 믿어진다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.358-363
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• 2005

Five crossbred beef cattle (Simmental${\times}$yellow cattle, Shantung Province) fitted with permanent cannulae in the rumen and T-type cannulae at the proximal duodenum and terminal ileum, were fed five different diets containing corn, cotton meal or soybean meal and ammoniated straw to determine the dry matter, crude protein and amino acid flows in duodenal and ileum digesta, and to calculate the regression equations between theoretical and experimental concentration of AA in duodenal digesta. The results showed that there was a strong correlation between experimental (g/d, y) and theoretical CP flows (g/d, x) at the proximal duodenum, the $R^2$-value regression equation of crude protein is very high (0.9636). The $R^2$-value regression equation of the limiting amino acid (such as Met or Lys) is high (0.7573 or 0.9252 respectively). This results indicated that we can formulate better diets fed to beef cattle according to the theoretical amino acid concentration. A mathematical model has been successfully constructed for predicting the supply of absorbed amino acids at the proximal duodenum in growing beef cattle.