• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2021

In this study, the model cognition level of high school science-gifted students about the two types of acid-base models taught in secondary schools was analyzed. In order to find out the model cognition level of students, 12 items were developed based on the acid-base reaction and the dissociation reaction of acids and bases. The subjects of the study were 95 students of two science-gifted schools. As a result of the questionnaire analysis, model cognition levels were analyzed 6 levels in the context of consistency, inconsistency, and unexplainable scope of the two models. In the acid-base reaction item, the largest percentage of students cognized only understanding of the two models. In the acid-base dissociation reaction item, they understood the two models and perceived the 'Known Ignorance' that cognizes the limitations of one model. However, there was only one student who perceived the limitations of both models and all of the 'Unknown Ignorance' that the model could not explain. Through this, we argued that there is a need for educational efforts to raise the model cognition level of science-gifted students.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.107-114
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• 2015

In today's society, the experience of social exclusion caused by being rejected or ignored, leads to negative social consequences, such as aggressive behavior, self-defeating thoughts, and diminished intelligence. This study is performed to examine 1) how two types of social exclusion, rejection and ignorance, affect conspicuous consumption and prosocial behavior and 2) how embodied cognition formed with a firmed muscle moderates their causal relationships. For this purpose, half of the participants in ignorance and rejection conditions were asked to grip their hands to form a firmed muscle (firmed muscle group) while the other half (control group) were not. After the manipulation of embodied cognition, their conspicuous consumption and intention of prosocial behavior were measured. Results show that, in ignorance condition, the firmed muscle group exhibited lower conspicuous consumption and higher intention of prosocial behavior than the control group while, in rejection condition, there were no differences in conspicuous consumption and intention of social behavior between firmed muscle and control groups. Findings indicate that, in the case of social exclusion caused by ignorance, firmed muscle improves self-efficacy, which may increase prosocial behavior.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.327-342
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• 2012

Objectives : Nowadays, the assessment of new health technologies is gaining interest as an important issue for the safety of national health in the rapidly changing medical environment. The aim of this study is to understand how ignorant the korean medicine doctors are of new health technologies. Methods : The authors conducted a survey on the status of the ignorance of new health technologies in Korean medical doctors by e-mail. Results : Korean medical doctors' ignorance of new health technologies proved serious. The awareness of the law, however, was reached to some degree. The respondents answered that the present items of Korean Medicine listed in the medical care expenses by national health insurance system are too deficient to treat their patients effectively. Conclusions : It is strongly needed to try for more active registration of Korean medical new health technologies.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.88-94
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• 2004

Hemifacial spasm is painless uncommon disorder characterized by involuntary paroxysmal movement of one side face. In the treatment of hemifacial spasm, the Western operation or non-operation therapy has many side effect such as hearing loss, exudative otitis media, facial paralysis etc. So we studied mainly the effect of cause, treatment frequency, diseased part of 29 cases with hemifacial spasm for effective clicical application of oriental medicine. The results of study are as follow; 1. It shows more female patients than male patients, and mostly patients in their forties. 2. The diseased part is shown more on left side than right side, and the left side hemifacial spasm is cured more effective. 3. The causes of hemifacial spasm are mainly stress, ignorance, overwork, and the stress, a cold are more effective causes than ignorance in. 4. The disease period is mainly within six months, and that period is the most effective time. 5. The palpebral site is the most frequent site, ineffective site. 6. The effect go with the treatment frequency is not available. 7. There is a 55 percent improvement of 29 cases.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.77-104
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• 2011

Professor Hasuk Song argues that every argumentum ad ignorantiam, i.e. the argument from ignorance is not fallacious, and social contexts play a crucial role to judge whether the argument is fallacious or not. I generally agree with him, but I think we cannot have help from his position without knowing what those contexts are. In this paper, I argue that the concept of burden of proof is the crucial one to judge whether ad ignorantiam is plausible or not, and then present four criterions who have the burden of proof. There is a burden of proof on one who argues first, who insists the doubtful ones, who has powers, and who thinks that a situation is not dangerous.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.255-269
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• 1999

Background: The author investigated the structural theory of the mind, the origin of psychopathology, the resolving stage of the psychopathology, and nature of the true mind in the human mind. Methods: The author reviewed the "Awakening of Faith in the Mah$\bar{a}$y$\bar{a}$na" by Mamyung and "The Commentary on the Treatise of Awakening Mah$\bar{a}$y$\bar{a}$na Faith" and "Expository Notes on the Treatise of Awakening Mah$\bar{a}$y$\bar{a}$na Faith" by Wonhyo. Results: The author of the Treatise insisted on believing the true mind in the human being. Also in the treatise, $\bar{A}$layavijn$\bar{a}$na explained the harmonized mind of the true mind and the ignorant mind. The ignorant mind as the source of fundamental ignorance, which results in peripheral ignorance arising from the ego in relation with the external world Also, he explains the origin of ignorance and encourages to abandon the deep attachment to ignorance. The developing and resolving stages of ignorance are similar to the developing and resolving stage of psychopathology. Conclusion: The author insists on the psychiatric application of the mind theory in the "Awakening of Faith in the Mah$\bar{a}$y$\bar{a}$na", "The Commentary on the Treatise of Awakening Mah$\bar{a}$y$\bar{a}$na Faith", and "Expository Notes on the Treatise of Awakening Mah$\bar{a}$y$\bar{a}$na Faith" Also, the author encourages deep faith of the true human mind.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.520-532
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the development of the anger provoking situation scale using the mixed research method. For this purpose, three research methods were used: content analysis of domestic and international anger-inducing situation scale, NAS-PI factor and reliability analysis of youth anger-provoking scale, and FGI with youth expert. In the results of NAS-PI, there were four categories of 'unrespectful treatment', 'unfairness', 'annoying traits of others', and 'irritation' except 'frustration' among five categories. The results of the FGI consisted of seven categories: 'rejection', 'physical and verbal violence', 'ignorance', 'frustration', 'control and restraint', 'rumination', and 'interpersonal relationship'. As a result of integrating these contents, it is finally possible to reconstruction in to seven categories such as 'unfairness', 'injustice', 'ignorance', 'control and restraint', 'ignorance', 'frustration' 'interpersonal relationship'. The meaning of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of the anger provoking situation scale for domestic adolescents by integrating the contents analysis and quantitative and qualitative researches of domestic and international anger provoking situation scale. The results of this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to study the anger provoking situations reflecting sociocultural context, and to develop the reliability and validity of the anger provoking situation scale.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.26
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• pp.333-363
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• 1997

The writers have attempted to produce a portrait of municipal public libraries in their present stage of development. They have used the case of a Southeastern city anonymously described as 'Paek-tu'. The portrait vividly reveals the ignorance on the part of city educational officials who govern the public libraries and the frustration on the part of certified librarians. The writers have extensively relied on interviews, participant observation, and document resources for analysis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.241-249
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• 2017

Gender innovation refers to the act of producing more trustworthy science and technology based on gender analysis in conducting and development. Science and technology have been considered to be irrelevant to gender and gender analysis. Science and technology lost opportunity to market and sometimes caused massive losses due to the ignorance of gender and the concept of gender differences. Despite importance in the field of science and technology, the reason why gender innovation does not take place is the lack of woman science in science and technology. Further, the promotion of female scientists policy bas been pursued by the government is one of the reasons. The government has been forcibly carried out without considering 'performanceism' spreading in the scientific and technological fields. This research argues that scientific research brings gender perspective back into all the level of research conduct. In order to improve gender ignorance in science and technology, gender sensitive education should be provided to scientists. Also, gender governance and women's committee for gender analysis should be established to adopt gender analysis in scientific research.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the subjective degree of fatigue, the degree of fatigue depending on analysis of MMPI and SDNN in middle-aged women. Data were collected from 51 patients, registered at Oriental Medicine Hospital in J-city and K-city respectively. The instrument used in this study were the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue developed by Belza(1995) and revised by Jung & Kim(1999) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI) and Standard Deviation of Normal to Normal(SDNN). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 9.0 program using frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test. The degree of fatigue in middle-aged women: the average score 30.61 out of the total score 40. Subdivision of fatigue scores: common fatigue degree 7.71, distress due to fatigue 7.67, degree of daily activity fatigue 7.43, and fatigue frequency in the previous week 7.84. The degree of fatigue according to subjective recognition was shown significant difference(t=6.707, p=.000).: group of recognition (33.58), group of ignorance (23.47). The degree of fatigue according to MMPI was shown significant difference. : In the group of recognition, scales of Hs, D, Hy, Pt were higher. The degree of fatigue according to SDNN was shown significant difference (T=-4.062, P=.000). : group of recognition (33.47ms), group of ignorance (45.70ms). The total fatigue score and scales of Hs, D, Hy in MMPI was correlated positively (r=.576; r=.466; r=.518), and total fatigue score and SDNN was correlated negatively (r=-.576). Conclusively fatigue is one of difficult problems in middle-aged women. Therefore it is necessary to develope some nursing intervention for reducing fatigue in its early stages.