• 수완나부미
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2009

This paper aims at scrutinizing how the women's image in the Thai film 'Nang-Nak' has been represented, affecting the Thai people intensely and achieving its great success in spite of having the background of 19th century and being a remaker. To fulfill the purpose and analyze the argument, the ideas of Lee(1989), Joan(1973) and Joo(1996) are used as theoretical concepts for this study. As a result, two images of Thai women seem to be revealed in the movie. The first image, drawn from 'Maen' and 'Mian', is conventional, somewhat ideal type for Thai women, so being a common aspect. What makes the movie a big deal, however, is another image which the heroine 'Nak' has shown, attracting the audience to be moved to tears. It may be apparently an idiosyncratic or extraordinary one from the traditional point of view in Thailand, but in other sense is a new, fresh image for which the contemporary Thai women want to seek. That is why the movie became one of the most popular in Thailand.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.82-100
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• 2024

The main objective of the study is to introduce ideals of Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebras by means of fuzzy points, and investigate some properties. The process of making (fuzzy) ideals and fuzzy deductive systems through the fuzzy points of Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebras is illustrated, and the (fuzzy) ideals and the fuzzy deductive systems are characterized. Certain sets are defined by virtue of a fuzzy set, and the conditions under which these sets can be ideals are revealed. The union and intersection of two fuzzy ideals are analyzed, and the relationships between aforementioned structures of Sheffer stroke Hilbert algebras are built.

• 청정기술
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2020

가연성 물질을 사용하는 화학공정 산업에서 저장 안전성을 높이고 화재 및 폭발 예방 조치를 설계하려면 신뢰할 수 있는 인화점에 대한 정보가 필요하다. 본 연구는 석유화학 공정에서 중요한 용매와 가솔린의 옥탄가 향상제로 사용되는 방향족, 나프텐 및 파라핀계 탄화수소 화합물과 알킬알코올에 대한 이성분 혼합물의 인화점 데이터를 얻는 것이다. 그래서 이성분 혼합물인 {2-butanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane}, {2-butanol + methylcyclohexane} 그리고 {2-butanol + toluene} 계에 대한 최소인화점을 Stanhope-Seta 밀폐식 인화점 측정기를 이용하여 측정하였다. 각 이성분계 혼합물에 대한 인화점을 예측하기 위해 이상성인 라울의 법칙(Raoult's law)과 비이상성인 Wilson, NRTL 그리고 UNIQUAC 매개변수를 이용하였고 실험 결과와 비교해 보았다. 이상성을 나타내는 라울의 법칙(Raoult's law)보다 비이상 용액 혼합물의 활동도 계수 모델에서 2.36 K 이하의 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 결과는 가연성 혼합물을 함유한 석유화학 용매의 안전한 저장 및 공정 설계에 적용할 수 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.512-517
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• 2016

Background Studies of the ear-molding technique have emphasized the importance of initiating molding early to achieve the best results. In the present study, we describe the immediate effects and long-term outcomes of this technique, focusing on children who were older than the ideal age of treatment initiation. Methods Patients who visited our institution from July 2014 to November 2015 were included. Medical charts were reviewed to collect data on demographics, the duration of treatment, the types of deformities, and the manner of recognition of the deformity and referral to our institution. Parents were surveyed to assess the degree of improvement, the level of procedural discomfort at the end of treatment, any changes in the shape of the molded auricle, and overall satisfaction 12 months after their last follow-up visits. Results A review of 28 ears in 18 patients was conducted, including the following types of deformities: constricted ear (64.2%), Stahl ear (21.4%), prominent ear (7.1%), and cryptotia (7.1%). The average score for the degree of improvement, rated on a 5-point scale (1, very poor; 5, excellent), was 3.5 at the end of treatment, with a score of 2.6 for procedural discomfort (1, very mild; 5, very severe). After 12 months, the shapes of all ears were well maintained. The average overall satisfaction score was 3.6 (1, very dissatisfied; 5, very satisfied). Conclusions We had reasonable outcomes in older patients. After 1 year of follow-up, these outcomes were well maintained. Patients past the ideal age at presentation can still be candidates for the molding technique.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among body image Perception, eating behavior and health status in young females. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires for 293 female high school students(HS) and 164 female college students(CS) living in Daegu and suburbs of Daegu. For the perception of body image, 9-grade body figure drawings were used based on average Korean body size. EAT-26 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to measure the tendency of eating disorder and self-esteem. It appeared that 40.5% of the subjects were off the normal range of body weight; especially 34.2% of the subject were underweight. The subjects' perception about current body image was within normal range. Almost of all the subjects believed that the ideal body image was thinner than their own current body image, and they wanted to be thinner than their current body image. The change of eating behaviors related to weight control of CS was significantly higher than that of HS students. EAT-26 score, self-esteem score, and subjective health status score were no difference between groups. The cut-off point of the eating disorder in this study was equal to or greater than 20 in EAT-26 score. The rates of the eating disorder were very high as 9.6% of HS and 8.5% of CS. Eating disorder was positively correlated with BMI, current body image, dissatisfaction of body image and the change score of eating behavior. But eating disorder was negatively correlated with health status. From the results of this study, we suggested that one of causes related to the eating disorder behaviors in adolescent females was resulted from misperception about ideal body image. There is a great need to provide nutrition educations concerning appropriate perception of body image and weight control among adolescent females.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1999

Soft tissue defect on heel area of the foot present difficult problems particularly because of anatomic property of plantar surface of the foot. There is a paucity of available local tissue in the foot for coverage. In addition to having little expandable tissue, the foot's plantar surface has a unique structure, making its replacement especially challenging. Plantar skin is attached to the underlying bone by fibrous septa, preventing shear of the soft-tissue surfaces from the underlying skeleton. Plantar surface of foot is in constant contact with the environment. Protective sensibility also would be maintained or restored in the ideal reconstruction. So the ideal flap for reconstruction of the heel should include thin, durable hairless skin with potential for reinnervation. The aim of this article is to present a clinical experience of free lateral arm neurosensory flap for reconstruction of the heel. From March 1995 to December 1997, a total 16 lateral arm free flaps were performed to soft tissue defects on the weight-bearing area of the hindfoot. we used tibial nerve as recepient nerve in 11 and calcaneal branch of tibial nerve in 5 for restoration of sensibility of flap. All cases survived completely. A static two-point discrimination of 14 to 34mm was detected in the flap. Radial nerve palsy which was caused by hematoma in donor site occured in one case, but recorverd in 3 weeks later completely. In conclusion, the lateral arm free flaps are versatile, reliable and sensible cutaneous flap and especially indicated for soft tissue defect on plantar surface of the hindfoot which are not good indications for other better-known flaps.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.450-453
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• 2012

In crystalline solar cells, the substrate itself constitutes a large portion of the fabrication cost as it is derived from semiconductor ingots grown in costly high temperature processes. Thinner wafer substrates allow some cost saving as more wafers can be sliced from a given ingot, although technological limitations in slicing or sawing of wafers off an ingot, as well as the physical strength of the sliced wafers, put a lower limit on the substrate thickness. Complementary to these economical and techno-physical points of view, a device operation point of view of the substrate thickness would be useful. With this in mind, BC-BJ Si and GaAs solar cells are compared one to one by means of the Medici device simulation, with a particular emphasis on the substrate thickness. Under ideal conditions of 0.6 ${\mu}m$ photons entering the 10 ${\mu}m$-wide BC-BJ solar cells at the normal incident angle (${\theta}=90^{\circ}$), GaAs is about 2.3 times more efficient than Si in terms of peak cell power output: 42.3 $mW{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ vs. 18.2 $mW{\cdot}cm^{-2}$. This strong performance of GaAs, though only under ideal conditions, gives a strong indication that this material could stand competitively against Si, despite its known high material and process costs. Within the limitation of the minority carrier recombination lifetime value of $5{\times}10^{-5}$ sec used in the device simulation, the solar cell power is known to be only weakly dependent on the substrate thickness, particularly under about 100 ${\mu}m$, for both Si and GaAs. Though the optimum substrate thickness is about 100 ${\mu}m$ or less, the reduction in the power output is less than 10% from the peak values even when the substrate thickness is increased to 190 ${\mu}m$. Thus, for crystalline Si and GaAs with a relatively long recombination lifetime, extra efforts to be spent on thinning the substrate should be weighed against the expected actual gain in the solar cell output power.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2008

The Cases of advanced nations which have advanced welfare policy, they have headed for the deinstitutionalization and the protection of the local society. So they have expanded and improved the various policies and welfare facilities to be able to keep daily life on the base of local area. Many problems have been caused by rising the average life span of the elderly in Korea now. Under the tendency, there have been many alternative proposals to solve the problems. One of those proposals, the deinstitutionalization theory that is rated the ideal way, is the community-based care than the care in facilities for the elderly. It shows that the most ideal facility for the care is Daycare center and that it matters the system of spatial construction and standard of the facilities. Under the undetailed Korean standard of facility design, it is very important that system of spatial construction to correspond to the needs of the users and standard of the facilities are prepared from the point of view of the standard design of the domestic facilities for the elderly. The study of the book grasps the regional present situation of the domestic Daycare center and surveys the tendency of the stay and features of occupation of the user there through some case, and aims to have a thorough grip of the spatial scale by the user's behavior. It is to utilize for a proposal for preparation of the space scale, and an institution standard corresponding to user's needs in a Daycare center.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.334-347
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 브랜드 개성을 온라인 쇼핑몰에 도입하여 지각도 구축을 통한 포지셔닝전략을 개발하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구는 경쟁이 치열해지고 있는 온라인 쇼핑몰 시장에서 차별화된 마케팅전략을 수립하는데 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. 연구대상은 부산지역 내 s대학 재학생들을 대상으로 한정하였다. 실증분석결과는 다음과 같다. 온라인 쇼핑몰의 브랜드 개성은 '유능 세련성', '활기', '친숙함', '신뢰성' 등의 요인으로 도출되었다. 이러한 평가속성으로 지각도를 작성한 결과 경쟁 쇼핑몰 간에 소비자의 지각상 서로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 전체집단 지각도에서 가장 차별화된 속성은 '친숙함'과 '활기'이며, 가장 차별화되지 못한 속성은 '신뢰성'으로 나타났다. 그리고 전체집단과 세분집단 간 브랜드 개성에 따른 온라인 쇼핑몰 선호도와 이상점에도 서로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.583-606
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• 2013

We generalize the idea of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ordered semi-group and give the concept of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup. We show that (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy left (right, two-sided) ideals, (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy (generalized) bi-ideals, (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy interior ideals and (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy (1, 2)-ideals need not to be coincide in an ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup but on the other hand, we prove that all these (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ideals coincide in a left regular class of an ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup. Further we investigate some useful conditions for an ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup to become a left regular ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup and characterize a left regular ordered $\mathcal{LA}$-semigroup in terms of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy one-sided ideals. Finally we connect an ideal theory with an (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy ideal theory by using the notions of duo and (${\in}{\vee}q_k$)-fuzzy duo.