• Title/Summary/Keyword: hypofunction

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Vitamin A Concentration of Serum from Infertile Dairy Cows (불임우(난소기능감퇴유우) 혈청의 Vitamin A 함량)

  • Jo, Chung Ho
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.17-21
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    • 1974
  • The experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of vitamin A by Carr-Price reaction ot fifty six sera obtained from normal cows and fourty four sera from the cows with ovarian hypofunction. The results obtained in this work were summerized as follows: 1. The mean values of vitamin A concentration of sera obtained from the cows with ovarian hypofunction were 88 IU/100 ml in summer (grazing), and in winter 79 IU/100 ml (hay) and 173 IU/100 ml (trench silage). The mean values of vitamin A concentration of sera from normal cows were 212 IU/100 ml in summer (grazing), and in winter 113IU/100 ml (hay) and 338IU/100 ml (trench silage). The differences of the concentrations of vitamin A among three groups were statistically highly significant (p<0.01). 2. The differences of vitamin A concentrations between the hay group and the trench silage group in normal cows and in cows with ovarian hypofunction were statistically highly significant (p<0.01). 3. The concentrations of vitamin A in summer group (grazing) were higher than those of the hay group in winter in normal cows and in cows with ovarian hypofunction. 4. The concentrations of vitamin A in the trench silage group in winter were higher than those of summer group (grazing) in normal cows and in cows with ovarian hypofunction.

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Micro-computed tomography analysis of changes in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone proper induced by occlusal hypofunction of rat molars

  • Shimizu, Yasuhiro;Hosomichi, Jun;Nakamura, Saeko;Ono, Takashi
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.44 no.5
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    • pp.263-267
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    • 2014
  • Objective: To three-dimensionally elucidate the effects of occlusal hypofunction on the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone proper of rat molars by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods: Occlusal function in the molar area was restricted by attaching an anterior bite plate on the maxillary incisors and a metal cap on the mandibular incisors of 5-week-old male Wistar rats for 1 week. The periodontal ligament space and alveolar bone proper around roots of the mandibular first molar were assessed by histology and micro-CT. Results: The periodontal ligament space was narrower and the alveolar bone proper was sparser and less continuous in the hypofunction group than in the control group. Further, both the volume of the periodontal ligament and the volumetric ratio of the alveolar bone proper to the total tissue in the region of interest were significantly lower in the hypofunction group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Occlusal hypofunction induces atrophic changes in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone proper of rat molars.

Clinical Implication and Proposed Mechanism of Direction Changing Vibration Induced Nystagmus in Unilateral Vestibular Hypofunction (일측 전정기능 저하 환자에서 방향전환 진동유발안진의 임상적 의의와 발생 기전 제안)

  • Lee, Dong Han;Park, Moo Kyun;Lee, Jun Ho;Oh, Seung-Ha;Suh, Myung-Whan
    • Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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    • v.61 no.11
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    • pp.580-587
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    • 2018
  • Background and Objectives We evaluated the clinical characteristics and vestibular function of patients with direction changing vibration induced nystagmus (DC VIN) and unilateral vestibular hypofunction and suggest clinical implication and a proposed mechanism of DC VIN. Subjects and Method The records of 315 patients who underwent the VIN test were reviewed retrospectively. Among these, 18 patients (5.7%) showed DC VIN, and out of whom, 15 patients (4.8%) were diagnosed as unilateral vestibular hypofunction by caloric, rotation chair (RCT), and video head impulse test (vHIT). We analyzed the relationship between DC VIN and the dizziness characteristics, duration of disease, and the outcome of the vestibular function test. Results The mean age of 15 patients was $67.4{\pm}10.7years$ and the mean duration of dizziness was $13.6{\pm}29.7months$. The caloric test revealed 25% of the patients to have significant canal paresis [Caloric vestibular neuritis (VN)], while 75% showed normal caloric response. However, unilateral vestibular hypofunction was observed by abnormal results in RCT or vHIT (Non-caloric VN). Seven patients showed ipsilateral DC VIN (nystagmus to vibrated side) and eight patients contralateral DC VIN (nystagmus to opposite side of vibration). Patients with ipsilateral DC VIN were shown to have a significant longer duration of dizziness than those with contralateral DC VIN. Conclusion Although rare, DC VIN can also be found in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction. Patients with DC VIN had a mild vestibular asymmetry with Non-caloric VN or Caloric VN in the process of compensation. The mechanism of ipsilateral DC VIN seems to be due to the small amount of vestibular asymmetry, which is smaller than the interaural attenuation of vibration.

A Study of the Effect on Obesity and dyslipidemia in Kidney-hypofunction Animal Model Induced by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (신장절제로 유발한 신약(腎弱) 동물 모델에서의 비만 및 지질대사에 대한 영향 평가)

  • Kwak, Jinyoung;Park, Junghwan;Koh, Youngmee;Ahn, Taekwon
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2018
  • Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a new animal model with Kidney-hypofunction for Sasang Constitutional Medicine, especially for partial Soyangin(one of four constitution which has good digestive function and poor renal function) by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction, and to estimate the factor related to obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Methods: The C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups : normal group, high fat diet(HFD) control group, and HFD group with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction(UUO). Then, the HFD control group and the experimental group were fed with high fat diet for 6 weeks. Food intake and body weight were measured at regular time by week. After the final experiment, blood was gathered for bloodchemical examination and organs(liver, fatty tissue) were remoed, weighted, and mRNA was analyzed with real-time PCR. Results: The weight growth rate with High fat diet went down by 8.35% in experimental group and had similar FER with the normal group, while HFD control group had higher weight growth rate and FER than any other groups. Also The experimental group had lower triglyceride and LDL cholesterol rate and higher glucose rate in serum. and in mRNA expression, GLUT-9, the protein related to excretion of uric acid and metabolic syndrome, expressed lower rate than that of HFD control group. and IL-6, a kind of cytokine related to obesity and metabolic syndrome, expressed more than HFD control group. Conclusions: It was found that Kidney-hypofunction animal-experimental model is susceptible to metabolic syndrome.

A Case Study on the Iron Deficiency Anemia (철겹핍성 빈혈 치험(治驗) 1례(例) 보고(報告))

  • Lee, Yoon-Hee;Kim, Jong-Dea;Hwang, Hui-Jeung
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.655-660
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    • 2000
  • We extended to find out the effect of serveral kinds of herbal medicion that administated to the patient suffer from iron deficiency anemia, that was prescribed according to differentiation of syndromes. Iron deficiency anemia is generlly differentiated as defiency of Ki and blood, hypofunction of the spleen and stomach, and insufficiency of the spleen and kidney in orinetal medicine. This patient was differentiated as defiency of Ki and blood. hypofunction of the spleen and stomach. So we prescribed Hyangsayangwi-tang, Ickibohyoul-tang and Ickibohyoul-tang ga Antler for the patient in turn. When administated Hyangsayangwi-tang and Ickibohyoul-tang, there was a little improvement in symptom but no improvement in hemonalysis. When administrated Ickibohyoul-tang ga Antler there was dominent improvement in both of symptom and hemonalysis. From this case. it is thought that added Antler-tonifying recipe is very effective to iron deficiency anemia and that more studies and examinations are needed in futher.

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Effectiveness of Self-efficacy Promoting Vestibular Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Vestibular Hypofunction (전정기능저하 어지럼 환자를 위한 자기효능증진 전정재활운동 교육의 효과)

  • Lee, Hyun Jung;Choi-Kwon, Smi
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.710-719
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: In this study an examination was done of the effect of self-efficacy promoting vestibular rehabilitation (S-VR) on dizziness, exercise self-efficacy, adherence to vestibular rehabilitation (VR), subjective and objective vestibular function, vestibular compensation and the recurrence of dizziness in patients with vestibular hypofunction. Methods: This was a randomized controlled study. Data were collected 3 times at baseline, 4 and 8 weeks after beginning the intervention. Outcome measures were level of dizziness, exercise self-efficacy, and level of adherence to VR. Subjective and objective vestibular function, vestibular compensation and the recurrence of dizziness were also obtained. Data were analyzed using Windows SPSS 21.0 program. Results: After 4 weeks of S-VR, there was no difference between the groups for dizziness, subjective and objective vestibular functions. However, exercise self-efficacy and adherence to VR were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. After 8 weeks of S-VR, dizziness (p =.018) exercise self-efficacy (p <.001), adherence to VR (p <.001), total-dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) (p =.012), vision analysis ratio (p =.046) in the experimental group differ significantly from that of the control group. The number of patients with recurring dizziness were higher in the control group than in the experimental group (p <.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that continuous 8 weeks of S-VR is effective in reducing dizziness, and improving exercise self-efficacy, subjective vestibular function and adherence to VR. Objective vestibular function and vestibular compensation were also improved in the experimental group at the end of 8 weeks of S-VR.

Neurobiological Pathophysiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (주의력결핍 과잉행동장애의 신경생물학적 병태생리)

  • Park, Hyung Bae;Joo, Yeol
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.108-122
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    • 2000
  • Background: Models of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) that have proposed a hypodopaminergic state resulting in hypofunction of the prefrontal circuitry have assumed a unitary dopamine system, which largely ignores the distinct functional differences between mesocortical dopamine system and nigrostriatal dopamine system. Purpose: The author's goal was to develop a pathophysiological model for ADHD with greater explanotory power than dopaminergic hypofunction hypothesis in prefronal circuitry. Material and Methods: Published clinical findings on ADHD were integrated with data from genetic, pharmacological, neuroimaging studies in human and animals. Results: Molecular genetic studies suggest that three genes may increase the susceptibility to ADHD. The three candidate genes associated with ADHD are each involved in dopaminergic function, and this consistent with the neurobiologic studies implicating catecholamines in the etiology of ADHD. Pharmacological data also provide compelling support for dopamine and noradrenergic hypothesis of ADHD. Neuroimaging studies lend substantial support for the hypothesis that right-sided abnormalities of prefrontal-basal ganglia circuit would be found in ADHD. Conclusions: The present hypothesis takes advantage of the major differences between the two pertinent dopamine systems. Mesocortical dopamine system, which largely lacks inhibitory autoreceptors, is ideally positioned to regulate cortical inputs, thus improving the signal-to-noise ratio for biologically valued signals. In this circuit, therapeutic doses of stimulants are hypothesized to increase postsynaptic dopamine effects and enhance executive functions. By contrast, symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity in ADHD are hypothesized to be associated with relative overactivity of nigrostriatal circuit. This nigrostriatal circuit is tightly regulated by inhibitory autoreceptoors as well as by long distance feedback from the cortex, and slow diffusion of therapeutic doses of stimulant via oral administration is hypothesized to produce a net inhibition of dopaminergic neurotransmission and improves hyperactivity.

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Histopathologic and Physiologic Features of the Aging Larynx (노인성 후두의 조직병리학적, 생리학적 특성)

  • Park, Il-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.20-23
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    • 2014
  • Age-related changes in larynx can have a direct impact on voice quality and general comfort level. Observations of vocal aging have spanned perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, physical, electromyographic (EMG) and histological levels. Evidence of differential vocal aging in relation to gender and physical condition has been reported. Perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, kinematic, EMG and histological data document age-related changes in laryngeal structure and function with advancing age. These changes contribute to a functional age-related impact of vocal hypofunction or compensatory hyperfunction. This review will focus on the current understanding of the clinical and cellular changes in the larynx that lead to presbyphonia.

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Medical Exercise Therapy Theory and Its application (Medical Exercise Therapy의 이론과 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Koo hee-seo
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.361-368
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    • 2000
  • MET is one of the few physical therapy having its own criteria. Mr. Holten approached the Norwegian Health Authority in 1967 to get his MET System recognized as a treatment method of its own. He was granted his approval for his exercise system's specivic criteria connecteed with the treatment method. In MET, the patient exercises himself without manual participation by physiotherapists, however, under continuous supervision.. The apparatus should be designed that functional quality (arthrogenous, circulatory, respiratory, neuromuscular) in question is optimally influenced when the patient carries out exercise in a certain range against a graded resistance. The therapy reassesses the scheme of treatment at least every fifth session and the maximum number of patients being 5 person per hour. The important principles in medical exercise Therapy are stabilization of hyperfunction through the system of autostabilization and mobilization of hypofunction through automobilization. In MET excrcises are adjusted to the patient's reactions. MET equipment is therefore made to meet requirements for treating patients with painful pathological dysfunction in the musculo-skeletal system.

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A Clinical Report on Iron Deficiency Anemia (철겹핍성 빈혈 환자 2례에 대한 임상적 고찰)

  • Kim, Sung-Kyun;Shim, Yun-Sueb;Han, Jong-Hyun;Lee, Jung-Hee;Kim, Eun-Gon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.356-363
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    • 2004
  • Iron Deficiency Anemia is defined as deficiency Fe in blood. The causal relationships between this and gastrointestinal bleeding, impaired absorption, excessive menstrual flow and other maladies are not well understood. In oriental medicine Iron Deficiency Anemia is generally characterized as deficiency of ki(氣)and blood(血) defined in terms of hypofunction of the spleen and stomach, and insufficiency of the spleen and kindneys. Two Iron Deficiency Anemia patients were treated with Ickibohyoul-tang, Samchulgunbi-tang, Ickibohyoul-tang ga antler, and Sachulgunbi-tang ga antler. Symptoms improved and Blood exams (RBC, Hb, Hct) yielded higher counts. Further research concerning this is necessary.

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