• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.282-285
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• 2020

A 14-year-old neutered-male Shih-Tzu was referred for glaucoma and hyphema accompanied by systemic hypertension. After topical corticosteroid and antiglaucoma medications, the left eye (OS) progressed phthisically, but ocular hypertension redevelop one-year-and-seven-months later. Suspected limbal melanoma developed in peripheral cornea/limbal sclera with heavily pigmented cornea OS. Ultrasound biomicroscopy and ocular ultrasonography differentiated ciliary body origin-heterogeneous mass from limbal mass. Persistent hyphema and pigmented cornea might obscure intraocular lesion and advanced diagnostic methods played a crucial role. Unlike the generally benign limbal melanoma, aggressive treatment was recommended for uveal tumor. Histopathology of enucleated OS confirmed malignant uveal melanoma with chronic hypertensive vasculopathy.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.127-129
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• 2015

A 3-month-old, female Persian cat was presented with sclera mass. The mass was detected after cat's squeals during the playing with a dog before 2 days. On ophthalmic examination, a $2{\times}5mm$ dark purple colored raised mass was observed 1 mm behind the limbus in the right eye. Anterior chamber was filled with blood and epithelial defect was detected at 2 o'clock in the right central cornea. After general anesthesia, resection of the protruded iris was performed with iris scissors and bipolar cautery. Ruptured sclera and conjunctiva were closed with simple interrupted and simple continuous suture, respectively. Also, irrigation and aspiration (I/A) of the anterior chamber was performed to remove blood clot with bimanual I/A handpiece in the right eye. Four months after the surgery, the right eye was recovered completely and menace response was positive in spite of the retinal lesions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.461-463
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• 2002

Pharmacological ablation of the ciliary body by intravitreal injection of a cytotoxic dose of gentamicin was utilized for the treatment of absolute glaucoma in 13 dogs. Complications of this procedure were hyphema(2), corneal opacity(2), iris bombe(1), cataract(1) and chronic inflammation(1). Injection time was one time in 10 dogs, two times in 2 dogs and 3 times in a dog. Intravitreal injection of gentamicin was thought as a economic salvage procedure and has resulted in successful lowering of intraocular pressure.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.677-680
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• 2000

Orbital injuries are common with facial trauma. Direct injuries to the globe are not rare but it can result in complications such as chemosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage and hyphema. Periorbital trauma or injuries to the extraocular muscles and blow-out fracture may result in lid edema, ecchymosis & ptosis and diplopia or limitation of ocular motion respectively. Indirect injuries to the optic nerve come up without any injuries but its complication is irreversible and severe such as loss of vision. The aim of this study is to review the literature on blindness or ptosis following facial trauma and present the cases of blindness after facial trauma and ptosis after mandibular fracture without specific clinical findings.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.392-395
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• 2017

A 2-year-old miniature poodle dog was referred to Seoul Animal Clinic for assessment of traumatic ocular lesion by cat claw. Corneal perforation accompanied by hyphema following iridal laceration was observed in the left eye. Topical antibiotics, mydriatics and systemic antibiotics/steroids were applied to treat severe uveitis with miosis and fibrinous exudate. Although lenticular lesion was explored after mydriasis, it was obscured by severe corneal edema around corneal perforation. Despite aggressive treatments, the uveitis became more serious in the next day. To prevent septic implantation syndrome from anterior lens capsule disruption, phacoemulsification surgery was performed. The anterior lens capsule disruption was detected during continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. The left eye remained the vision with mild posterior capsule opacification and intermittent conjunctival hyperemia during seven-month follow-up.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.123-126
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• 2015

A 14-year-old, male Shih-tzu was presented with glaucoma in the left eye. Menace response was negative in the left eye. On ophthalmic examination, exotropia, buphthalmos, bulging of upper lateral globe and episcleral injection was detected in the left eye. Also, there was corneal edema, corneal pigmentation and hyphema in the left eye. The pupil was difficult to observe due to corneal lesions in the left eye. On ultrasonographic examination, an amorphous large mass protruding from the region of the optic disc into the vitreous was observed in the left eye. Enucleation was performed in the left eye. Histologically, the left intraocular mass was diagnosed as glioma. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.333-336
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• 2002

This experiment was carried out to investigate the optimal dose of intravitreal gentamicin that decreases intraocular pressure effectively and minimizes complications in dog. After inhalation anesthesia, gentamicin was injected intravitreally into the left eyes at doses of 10, 15 and 20 mg with 1 mg dexamethasone, respectively. Sterilized isotonic saline and dexamethasone mixture into the right eyes for control. Six dogs were used in each group. Intraocular pressures were measured using applanation tonometer(Mentore, Tono-Pen) until 5 months after injection of gentamicin. Ocular examinations were performed using direct ophthalmoscopy. The ocular volumes of both eyes were measured. Intraocular pressures of eyes injected with 10. 15 and 20 mg of gentamicin were decreased significantly compared with control eyes. Severe corneal opacity and neovascularization occurred in 20 mg treated group. Intraocular hemorrhage was observed in 3 dogs of 20 mg treated group. Ocular volume was significantly decreased(p <0.05) in 20 mg treated group, compared with 10 and 15 mg treated group. It is considered that intravitreal gentamicin injection at dose of 10 mg or 15 mg decrease intraocular pressure effectively and minimize complications such as corneal opacity, hyphema and phthisis bulbus.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2009

Purpose: Blunt trauma can cause a wide range of ocular injuries. This study was performed to describe the prevalence of severe intraocular injuries (SIOI) and their correlation with the severity of blunt orbital trauma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 117 eyes of 107 patients with orbital wall fractures who visited the emergency room at Konyang University Hospital from July 2006 to June 2008. Clinical features such as age, sex, causes of injury, revised trauma score (RTS), type of orbital wall fractures were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups: blowout fracture with severe intraocular injuries (SIOI) and blowout fracture without SIOI. We compared the clinical and the injury-related characteristics between two groups and analyzed the SIOS-related factors. Results: Among the 107 patients (117 eyes) with blowout fractures, 29 (27.1%) patients with 32 eyes (25.6%) had complicated severe intraocular injuries. Retrobulbar hemorrhage (14.5%), hyphema (13.7%), traumatic optic nerve injury (4.3%), and sustained loss of visual acuity (4.3%) were the most common SIOI disorders. A logistic regression analysis revealed that loss of visual acuity (odds ratio = 4.75) and eyeball motility disorder (odds ratio=7.61) were significantly associated with SIOS. Conclusion: We suggest that blowout fracture patients with loss of visual acuity or eyeball motility disorder are mostly likely to have severe intraocular injuries, so they need an ophthalmologic evaluation immediately.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.205-208
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• 2015

A 6-year old, neutered male, Maltese dog was presented in Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. As hyphema and aqueous flare in the right eye were found, medical treatment for uveitis was started. Four months later, anterior displacement of dorsotemporal iris was observed. A mass originating from ciliary body of the right eye was revealed by ocular sonography. There was no evidence of metastasis on thoracic and abdominal radiographic imaging. Enucleation was performed on the right eye due to the enlargement of the mass and deteriorating uveitis. On histopathological evaluation, anterior uveal melanocytoma with chronic hemorrhage was confirmed. This case suggests adequate removal of intraocular neoplasm by enucleation can be curative in case of continuous hemorrhage or inflammation in the eye that cannot be controlled by non-surgical medications.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

The use of intraoperative application of Mitomycin C at the filtration site has been known to improve the surgical outcome in glaucomatous eyes with high risk for failure of trabeculectomy. The author performed trabeculectomies with intraoperative Mitomycin C on 25 eyes of 20 patients with poor surgical prognosis to study the efficacy and safety of this technique in glaucomatous patients with high risk for failure of trabeculectomy. After the preparation of a scleral flap, 0.2mg/ml solution of Mitomycin C was applied between Tenon's capsule and the sclera for 2 minutes. The exposed area was then irrigated with 200 ml of balanced salt solution. The follow-up period was from 1 to 7 months (mean 3.8 months). The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was $38.6{\pm}6.6mmHg$. The mean final postoperative IOP was $11.7{\pm}3.8mmHg$. Twenty three (88%) of the 25 eyes were successfully controlled with the IOP of less than or equal to 20 mmHg without glaucoma medication. There were early postoperative complications of hyphema in 5 eyes (20%), shallow anterior chamber in 4 eyes(16%), punctate keratopathy in 3 eyes (12%), aqueous leaking from conjunctival wound in 2 eyes (8%), encapsulated bleb in 1 eye (4%) and choroidal detachment in 1 eye (4%), and 4 eyes had long term hypotony lasting more than 2 months. Although Mitomycin C is simple to use and effective adjunct to trabeculectomy, further study will be needed to determine the mechanism of action, indication, dosage and optimal exposure time of Mitomycin C.