• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.117-127
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• 2002

Cleistothecial development in Aspergillus nidulans(teleomorph, Emericella nidulans) was examined with the transmission electron microscopy. Cleistothecial initial was a small coiled lump of cells, ca. 6 ${\mu}m$ in diameter, which was consisted of a slightly swollen core with a short "tail" hypha. Initials were wrapped with a loose layer of hyphae. Core cells of cleistothecial initials were broad and multinucleated at first, then formed dikaryotic ascogenous cells, followed by post-meiotic tetra-nucleate or octa-nucleate protoasci and finally mature ascospores. Croziers were formed early during cleistothecium development. The peridial layer of mature cleistothecia was derived from the wrapping hyphae which originally invested the young cleistothecium. Completion of peridial layers development was associated with the depositing of a non-enzyme reactive material around peridial cells. $H\ddot{u}lle$ cell formation during the cleistothecial development appeared to be somewhat coordinated with the developmental stages of cleistothecium.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.447-451
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• 1996

A case of enteric pythiosis in the jejunum is reported in a 28-month-old, male Jindo dog. Grossly, a 20cm segment of the cranial jejunal wall was markedly thickened to a thickness of 10cm and the lumen was narrowed. Histological examination of the jejunum reveals transmurally affected multifocal to coalescing granulomatous inflammation. The granulomatous foci were composed of a necrotic center with neutrophilic infiltration and occasionally non-parallel, branching, septate hyphae surrounded by numerous epithelioid macrophages, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes and fibrosis. Multinucleated giant cells occasionally contain fragment of hyphae. The diagnosis was based on light microscopical studies and positive PAS and immunostaining for Pythium insidiosum. This is believed to be the first reported case of canine enteric pythiosis in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.227-230
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• 2019

This study describes a sudden death in an ostrich (Struthio camelus) with a big neck. Grossly, the air sacs were thickened. Yellow to white, round or coalescent material was scattered on the air sacs. However, the cervical air sac was normal. Histopathologically, multinucleated giant cells, heterophils, and macrophages had infiltrated the air sacs, and many hyphae were seen in the air sacs and on their surfaces. Pyogranulomatous inflammation with intralesional hyphae was observed throughout the lungs. Aspergillus fumigatus was identified microbiologically. In conclusion, the affected animal died because of the respiratory disturbance caused by mycotic airsacculitis and pneumonia.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2004

Trichophyton(T.) tonsurans has been identified for the first time in Korea in 1995 and has been increasing in number of reported in wrestlers, in judo players, and in korean - style wrestlers. Author tried mycological studies with T. tonsurans is isolated in Daegu Korea. The results are as follows: All 16 strains of T. tonsurans tested for nutritional requirement, showed strongly stimulated growth by thiamine, mild to moderate growth on casamino acid agar, poor growth on ammonium nitrates base agar. All 16 strains of T. tonsurans tested showed positive results for hair perforation and urease test. Gross findings of T. tonsurans showed that fine granular surface with light yellow hue or white color and mahogany brown color on the reverse side. Microscopic findings showed that septated hyphae, chlamydoconidia and microcondia. Microconidia were characteristic in their arrangerment and shape : round or oval shaped microconidia laterally to hyphae, some were match - head like terminal swelling.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.132-134
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• 2011

Two Inonotus species newly found in Japan were described. I. formosanus T.T. Chang & W.N. Chou was identified with the following characters; thin basidocarps with hispid when young and later the erect hyphae agglutinate to scrupose tuft, pore surface light yellow to rusty brown later, absence of setal hyhpae, ventricose hymenial setae, and small ellipsoid, hyaline to yellowish basidiospores. I. nodulosus (Fr.) P. Karst. was identified with the following characters; basidocarps nodulose, wart-like shape, scrupose to warted by agglutinated hayphae, margin up to 5 mm, pore surface cinnamon to rusty brown when dry with a whitish or silvery shine, absence of setal hyphae, acute straight hymenical setae, ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores, which are weakly dextrinoid in Melzer's reagent.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.156-158
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• 2010

Stem rot disease was found in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivated from 2008 to 2010 in the vegetable gardens of some farmers in Geumsan-myon, Jinju City, Gyeongnam province in Korea. The initial symptoms of the disease were typical water-soaked spots, which progressed to rotting, wilting, blighting, and eventually death. White mycelial mats had spread over the lesions near the soil line, and sclerotia had formed over the mycelial mats on the stem. The sclerotia were globoid in shape, 1~3 mm in size, and tan to brown in color. The optimum temperature for growth and sclerotia formation on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium was $30^{\circ}C$. The diameter of the hyphae ranged from approximately 4 to $8\;{\mu}m$. Typical clamp connection structures were observed in the hyphae of the fungus, which was grown on PDA medium for 4 days. On the basis of the mycological characteristics and pathogenicity of the fungus on the host plants, the causal agent was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo. This is the first report of stem rot disease in garlic caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1997.10b
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• pp.248.1-248
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.552-557
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• 2001

By UV-irradiation of Eremothecium ashbyii DTl, a higWy flavinogenic mutant (UV-18-57) and a nonflavinogenic mutant (UV -85) were obtained. The physio-morphological characteristics of these three strains were studied on glucose medium in submerged fermentation. Glucose utilization and mycelial growth occurred in 0 - 2 days of fermentation. By the third day, the biomass had declined. Extracellular riboflavin excretion was distinct from the second day, reaching a maximum rate by the fourth day. The hyphae of the highly flavinogenic mutant UV-18-57 were broader than DTl, while the nonflavinogenic UV-85 hyphae were very thin. Riboflavin accumulation was high in UV-18-57 (extracellular riboflavin,$825\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ , and intracellular, $490\mu\textrm{g}/ml$) and caused the mycelia to swell into bulbous forms. Riboflavin accumulation was less in DTl ($108\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ extracellular and $24\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ intracellular) and correspondingly its hyphae were thinner than those of UV-18-57 and swollen bulbous mycelia were not prominent. UV-85 was nonflavinogenic and, accordingly, its mOlphological characteristics included long thin filaments with no intracellular riboflavin accumulation. A large number of greenish fluorescence spores were seen in UV-18-57, whereas DTI had less spores and UV-85 was nonsporulating. Sporulation is correlated with riboflavin production. UV-18-57 had better mycelial integrity and lysis started only by the seventh day, whereas DTI and UV -85 started to lyze earlier by 4 -5 days. By the late stage of fermentation (eighth day), DTl had a few long, thin filaments indicating some secondary growth, whereas UV -85 showed a compact pellet form of mycelia. Most mycelia of UV-18-57 still appeared intact.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.178-182
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• 2004

In the vegetative hyphae of Aspergillus nidulans, a zymogenic form of the class I chitin synthase activity was successfully measured by the assay condition for Saccharomyces cerevisiae class I chitin synthase, Chsl. The class I chitin synthase activity of the A. nidulans chsC wild type strain was increased about six-fold by trypsin-pretreatment, but that of the chsC disruption strain revealed no increase. Interestingly enough, level of the class I chitin synthase activity of the chsC disruption strain was almost the same as that of the chsC wild type without trypsin-pretreatment. These results indicated that the A. nidulans ChsC activity could be measured by account-ing the class I chitin synthase activity without the trypsin-pretreatment as an internal control. Consistence to the expression pattern of the chsC revealed by northern blot analysis, the activity of ChsC was increased upon reaching the culture time for acquiring developmental competence. Our results shown here also supported the previous report suggesting the possible involvement of ChsC in vegetative hyphal growth of A. nidulans.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.831-838
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• 2018

Trophic interactions of introduced biocontrol fungi with soil animals can be a key determinant in the fungal proliferation and activity. This study investigated the trophic interaction of an introduced biocontrol fungus with soil nematodes. The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum ThzID1-M3 and the fungivorous nematode Aphelenchoides sp. (10 per gram of soil) were added to nonsterile soil, and microbial populations were monitored for 40 days. Similar results were obtained when the experiment was duplicated. ThzID1-M3 stimulated the population growth of indigenous nematodes (p < 0.05), regardless of whether Aphelenchoides sp. was added. Without ThzID1-M3, indigenous nematodes did not increase in number and the added Aphelenchoides sp. nematodes almost disappeared by day 10. With ThzID1-M3, population growth of nematodes was rapid between 5 and 10 days after treatment. ThzID1-M3 biomass peaked on day 5, dropped at day 10, and then almost disappeared at day 20, which was not influenced by the addition of nematodes. In contrast, a large quantity of ThzID1-M3 hyphae were present in a heat-treated soil in which nematodes were eliminated. Total fungal biomass in all treatments peaked on day 5 and subsequently decreased. Addition of nematodes increased the total fungal biomass (p < 0.05), but ThzID1-M3 addition did not affect the fungal biomass. Hyphae of total fungi when homogenously distributed did not support the nematode population growth; however, hyphae of the introduced fungus did when densely localized. The results suggest that soil fungivorous nematodes are an important constraint on the hyphal proliferation of fungal agents introduced into natural soils.