• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.186-193
• /
• 1999

Recent epidemiologic and clinical students have shown that plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease. However, there is not much data on the characteristics of anthropometry and lipid profiles of hypercholesterolemia patients with hypertiglyceridemia. In this study, 112 hypercholesterolemic subjects$(T.C{\ge}240mg/dl)$ were divided into two groups by their plasma triglyceride levels. We compared the anthropometric measurements and lipid profiles of the subjects between the two groups : the simples hypercholesterolemic group(SHC, TG<200mg/dl) and the combined hypercholesterolemic group$(CHC, TG{\ge}250mg/dl)$. The distribution of the subjects into the SHC and CHC groups was 36.6% and 47.3%, respectively. The frequency of the CHC patients decreased with age. The subjects in this group had higher weight, BMI, HWR, cricumferences of mid arm, waist, hip and thigh, and skinfold thicknesses of biceps and triceps than those of the SHC subjects. The difference of plasma total cholesterol level was mainly due to the difference of VLDL-C levels. These differences resulted in the CHC subjects having higher atherogenic indexes and T-C/HDL-C ratios than those of the SHC subjects. Also, the former had higher Apo-B and insulin levels than those the latter. However, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and HDL-C levels were not significantly different between the two groups. These results suggest that hypercholesterolemic patients with hypertriglyceridemia have riskier lipid profiles for CHD than those of patients with normal triglyceridemia. They also indicate that CHC is closely associated with glucose resistance syndrome(obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia), and more prevalent in young people.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.42 no.10
• /
• pp.642-647
• /
• 2009

In this study, the effects of $Ca^{2+}$ and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on microsomal triglyceride (TG) transfer protein (MTP) activity were investigated in rat liver. MTP activity was high when liver contained low levels of cAMP, which was induced by administration of glucose, or high levels of total $Ca^{2+}$ and TG. However, MTP activity increased by high levels of $Ca^{2+}$ and TG was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP), a cAMP analogue. Conversely, when homogenates of liver from normal rats, with low levels of total $Ca^{2+}$ and high levels of cAMP, were incubated with thapsigargin, a $Ca^{2+}$-inducer, MTP activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner compared to control. Therefore, our results suggest that high levels of $Ca^{2+}$ cause hypertriglyceridemia through the elevation of MTP activity, as opposed to high levels of cAMP, which suppress MTP activity and inhibit hypertriglyceridemia.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.53-62
• /
• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the association between dyslipidemia and periodontitis in Korean adults aged 30 and older. Methods: We examined 3,992 subjects participating in the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontal status was evaluated using the community periodontal index (CPI). People with 3 or 4 CPI codes were classified as the periodontitis group. For statistical analyses, chi-square test and logistic multiple regression were used. Results: The prevalence of periodontitis was higher in men, people aged 70 and over, people whose income status was among the lower 25%, and people whose educational level was high school or lower (p<0.001). The prevalence of periodontitis was higher in people who brushed their teeth twice or less, those who did not use interdental cleaning devices, those who did not have a dental checkup in the last 12 months, and those who had not drunk or smoked (p<0.05). The prevalence of periodontitis was increased with individuals whose BMI was ≥25 kg/㎡, those whose glycated hemoglobin was ≥6.5%, and whose lipid levels were higher or lower than the normal range. In the logistic regression model, an increase in triglyceride was found to increase the prevalence of periodontitis (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study suggests that dyslipidemia, especially hypertriglyceridemia, is a predictor of periodontitis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.347-353
• /
• 2011

The definite mechanism in the control of triglyceride metabolism is not well understood. Nowadays, it has been known that the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I was an important candidate for contributing to the control of triglyceride metabolism. In 298 Korean women aged 30 years or more, the genotypes of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I were statistically compared with total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to compare the odd-ratios of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus with them. The differences among the polymorphic types ($S_1S_1$, $S_1S_2$, and $S_2S_2$) were not statistically significant in the distribution of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, and hemoglobin A1c. There were not statistically significant in the odds ratios of the hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus, neither. Those were not statistically significant. This study did not show that there was any association between the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I and various laboratory values-total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.366-372
• /
• 2013

The application of polyphenols has attracted great interest in the field of functional foods and nutraceuticals due to their potential health benefits in humans. However, the effectiveness of polyphenols depends on their bioactivity and bioavailability. In the present study, the bioactive component from green tea extract (GTE) was administrated orally (50 mg/kg body weight/day) as free or in a microencapsulated form with maltodextrin in rats fed a high fructose diet. High fructose diet induced features of metabolic syndrome including hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, increased serum total cholesterol, and retroperitoneal obesity. In addition, myocardial fibrosis was increased. In rats receiving high fructose diet, the lowering of blood triglycerides, total cholesterol, non esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and uric acid, as well as the reduction in final body weight and retroperitoneal fat weight associated with the administration of GTE, led to a reversal of the features of metabolic syndrome (P < 0.05). In particular, the administration of microencapsulated GTE decreased myocardial fibrosis and increased liver catalase activity consistent with a further alleviation of serum NEFA, and hyperuricemia compared to administration of GTE. Taken together, our results suggest that microencapsulation of the bioactive components of GTE might have a protective effect on cardiovasucular system by attenuating the adverse features of myocardial fibrosis, decreasing uric acid levels and increasing hepatic catalase activity effectively by protecting their bioactivities.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.316-329
• /
• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the association between dietary quality based on the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), and the prevalence of chronic conditions among middle-aged individuals (40-60 yrs of age) living alone. MATERIALS/METHODS: The participants were selected (1,517 men and 2,596 women) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2018 and classified into single-person households (SPH) and multi-person households (MPH). Nutrient intake, KHEI, and the prevalence of chronic conditions were compared according to household size. The odds ratios (ORs) of chronic conditions were analyzed according to the tertile levels of KHEI by gender within each household size category. RESULTS: Men in SPH had a significantly lower total KHEI score (P < 0.0001) and a lower prevalence of obesity (OR, 0.576) than those in MPH. For men, the adjusted ORs for obesity, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia in the first tertile (T1) of KHEI scores within SPH compared with the third tertile (T3) were 4.625, 3.790, and 4.333, respectively. Moreover, the adjusted OR for hypertriglyceridemia in the T1 group compared to the T3 group within the MPH was 1.556. For women, the adjusted ORs for obesity and hypertriglyceridemia in T1 compared to T3 within the SPH were 3.223 and 7.134, respectively, and 1.573 and 1.373 for obesity and hypertension, respectively, within MPH. CONCLUSIONS: A healthy eating index was associated with a reduced risk of chronic conditions in middle-aged adults. Greater adherence to a healthy eating index could lower the risk of chronic conditions in middle-aged adults living alone.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.158-170
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between milk intake and prevalence rates of chronic diseases using KNHANES data, and the significance of the relationship was tested based on meditators, socioeconomic status (income, education), dietary behaviors (smoking, alcohol drinking, breakfast, and eating out), and physical activity (walking, medium, and high). Methods: Using the 5th and 6th survey data of KNHANES, milk intake rates and presence of seven chronic diseases were summarized and analyzed by ANOVA for two groups of adult men and women as follows: hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, diabetes, abdominal obesity, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. The dependent variables for the presence of seven chronic diseases regressed with socioeconomic, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables according to Logistic models. The dependent variables for milk intake using predictor variables of socioeconomic, dietary behaviors and physical activity were analyzed according to Logistic models. Finally, the significant socioeconomic, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables in the above model along with milk intake as a control variable or mediator variable regressed with significant chronic diseases according to Logistic models. Results: Milk intake, socioeconomic status, dietary behaviors, and physical activity were significantly different among the two groups of adult men and women, which were also critical factors to the prevalence of chronic diseases. The dependent variable for prevalence of chronic diseases regressed with significant factors of socioeconomic status, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables according to chronic diseases using the control or mediator variable of milk intake and summarized as follows: For adult men, milk intake controlled the education effect on diabetes partly, alcohol on hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, breakfast on metabolic syndrome, eating out on obesity, and medium physical activity on hypertriglyceridemia. For adult women, household income on hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, abdominal obesity, education level on hypertension, alcohol drinking, eating out, and walking activity on abdominal obesity, alcohol, breakfast, eating out, walking activity on low HDL-cholesterol, and medium physical activity on hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol were partly controlled by milk intake. Other significant socioeconomic status, dietary behavior, and physical activity variables related to prevalence of chronic diseases were fully controlled or mediated by milk intake. Conclusion: This study shows that milk intake (daily more than 200 g) prevents chronic diseases such as hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic syndrome.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.284-297
• /
• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate characteristic indice of heart rate variability (HRV) according to presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), pattern identification. Methods : We analyzed 167 subjects who participated in a stroke check-up. We classified the subjects into two groups as MS (n=48) and non-MS (n=119) based on NCEP ATP III. First, we investigated pattern identification of all subjects based on Korean Standard Pattern Identifications for Stroke-III. Second, we surveyed significance of HRV indices between MS and non-MS groups. Third, we investigated significance of HRV indices between classified DP of MS and classified DP of non-MS. Fourth, we investigated significance of HRV indices between classified DP of MS and non-MS. Fifth, we investigated significance between components of MS and HRV indices. Results : 1. SDNN, RMS-SD, HF, Ln(HF), and HF (NORM) were significantly lower in the MS than non-MS group. LN (TP), LF/HF were significantly higher in the MS than non-MS. 2. Ln (HF), Ln (TP), and LF/HF were statistically significant in the classified DP of MS group. 3. RMS-SD, and Ln (HF) were significantly lower in the abdominal obesity group than in the non-abdominal obesity group. SDNN, RMS-SD, TP, Ln (TP), VLF, Ln (VLF), and Ln (LF) were significantly lower in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group. RMS-SD was significantly lower in the diabetes group than in the non-diabetes group. Mean HRT,LF/HF were significantly higher in the hypertriglyceridemia than non-hypertriglyceridemia group, but Ln (HF), RMS-SD, and HF (NORM) were significantly lower in the hypertriglyceridemia than non-hypertriglyceridemia group. Conclusions : We found a few significant relationships between classified DP of MS and HRV indices. The resluts demonstrate that MS has potentially negative effects on the cardiovascular system, and these effects could be detected by HRV.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.50 no.12
• /
• pp.601-609
• /
• 2017

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a major role in cell growth, proliferation, polarity, differentiation, development, and controls transitioning between anabolic and catabolic states of the cell. It collects almost all extracellular and intracellular signals from growth factors, nutrients, and maintains cellular homeostasis, and is involved in several pathological conditions including, neurodegeneration, Type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of upstream signaling of mTORC1 to explain etiology of T2D and hypertriglyceridemia, in which state, the role of telomere attrition is explained. We discuss if chronic inhibition of mTORC1 can reverse adverse effects resulting from hyperactivation. In conclusion, we suggest the regulatory roles of telomerase (TERT) and hexokinase II (HKII) on mTORC1 as possible remedies to treat hyperactivation. The former inhibits mTORC1 under nutrientrich while the latter under starved condition. We provide an idea of TOS (TOR signaling) motifs that can be used for regulation of mTORC1.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2018

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a major role in cell growth, proliferation, polarity, differentiation, development, and controls transitioning between anabolic and catabolic states of the cell. It collects almost all extracellular and intracellular signals from growth factors, nutrients, and maintains cellular homeostasis, and is involved in several pathological conditions including, neurodegeneration, Type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of upstream signaling of mTORC1 to explain etiology of T2D and hypertriglyceridemia, in which state, the role of telomere attrition is explained. We discuss if chronic inhibition of mTORC1 can reverse adverse effects resulting from hyperactivation. In conclusion, we suggest the regulatory roles of telomerase (TERT) and hexokinase II (HKII) on mTORC1 as possible remedies to treat hyperactivation. The former inhibits mTORC1 under nutrient-rich while the latter under starved condition. We provide an idea of TOS (TOR signaling) motifs that can be used for regulation of mTORC1.