• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.84-99
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• 2019

Dietary fiber is defined as soluble and insoluble polysaccharide consisted in the plant cell wall-associated fibers naturally occurring in fruits, vegetables, and cereal products, and of isolated fibers that are added to processed foods which are also artificially modified. There are so many difference types of dietary fibers as arabinoxylan, polydextrose chicory, oligosccharide. inulin, pectin, bran, cellulose, ${\beta}$-glucan, resistant starch and some seaweed polymers as alginate. Most of them provide many biological benefits in the intestine, as lower risk for developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and some of the gastrointestinal disease like as colon cancer. And also lowering cholesterol levels, improves glycemic and insulin sensitivity to non-diabetic and diabetic persons including immune system. Beside of many benefits, average consumers in developed and under developing countries take far less amounts of dietary fiber that international organization recommended. Adequate intake of dietary fiber is 14g/1,000kcal base using the energy guide line of 2,000kcal/day for women and 26,000 kcal/day for men, dietary intake is 28g/day of adult women and 36g/day for adult men. The mechanisms behind the reported effects of dietary fiber on metabolic health are not fully well established. It is suggested that changes in intestinal viscosity resulting mucus increasing, macro-nutrients absorption, rate of passage of large intestinal, production of short chain fatty acids by fermentation. Production of gut hormones and changes of microbiota in intestine. It is necessary to do more research in this field in the future and combined interdisciplinary works together.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2022

Background: Anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps are versatile soft tissue flaps that have become the standard soft-tissue flaps used for head and neck reconstruction. They provide a long vascular pedicle, constant vessel diameter, abundant soft tissue coverage, and minimal donor site morbidity. The ALT flap was initially designed on the basis of a septocutaneous (SC) perforator. However, more recent research has shown that a substantial number of ALT flaps are now based on musculocutaneous (MC) perforators, and the ratio between MC and SC perforators varies among studies. In this study, we analyzed the perforating pattern of ALT flaps along with their clinical outcomes during head and neck reconstruction in the Korean population. Methods: From October 2016 to July 2020, 68 patients who had undergone an ALT flap procedure for head and neck reconstruction were enrolled retrospectively. The perforating pattern of the cutaneous perforator vessel (MC perforator/SC perforator/oblique branch), pedicle length, and flap size were analyzed intraoperatively. Patient demographics and flap necrosis rates were also calculated. Results: The highest number of cutaneous perforator vessels supplying the ALT flap were the MC perforators (87%). The proportion of MC perforators was significantly higher than that of the SC perforators and oblique branches. Flap necrosis occurred in seven cases (11.86%); sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, perforator course, and history of radiotherapy did not significantly affect flap necrosis. Conclusion: The ALT free flap procedure remains popular for reconstruction of the head and neck. In this study, we observed that the majority of cutaneous vessels supplying the flaps were MC perforators (87%). When using the MC perforator during flap elevation, careful dissection of the perforator is required to achieve successful ALT flaps because intramuscular dissection is difficult. Perforator pattern and history of radiotherapy did not affect flap necrosis.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2023

본 연구는 혈중 비타민 E 농도와 대사증후군의 관련성을 살펴보고 비타민 E의 신체에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. 분석 자료는 질병관리본부에서 시행한 국민건강영양조사 제7기 3차 (2018년도) 자료를 사용하였으며 본 연구에서는 만 19세 이상 성인은 대상으로 혈중 비타민 E의 농도를 검사한 대상자 중 남자 944명, 여자 1,080명을 최종 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 일반적 특성에 따른 혈중 비타민 E 농도 차이는 Chi-square와 t- test로, 혈청 비타민 E 농도와 대사증후군 하부요인들 간의 관계는 Pearson 상관관계로, 혈중 비타민 E 농도와 관련된 대사증후군 지표는 로지스틱 회귀분석을 하였다. 대사증후군의 하부요인과 혈중 비타민 E의 회귀분석 결과 HDL-cholesterol이 정상군이 과잉군에 비해 높았으며(OR:1.042, CI:1.028-1.056), 중성지방도 정상군에 비해 유의미하게 높았다(OR:1.010, CI:1.009-1.012)(p<0.01). 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 환자의 연령에 맞는 영양 및 건강프로그램을 개발할 것을 제안한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2009

Objectives : To identify target areas and set priorities among those areas identified for national quality evaluation. Methods : Target areas were identified from: i) analysis of the national health insurance claims data, mortality and prevalence data ii) various group surveys, including representatives from 22 medical specialty associations, 19 physician associations, QI staffs in hospital, civil organizations, and commissioners of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service(HIRA) ⅲ) literature reviews and RAM(RAND/UCLA appropriateness method). The priority areas for national quality evaluation represented the full spectrum of health care and the entire life span. The criteria for selecting the priority areas were impact, improvability, and measurability. The priority areas were divided into three categories : short-term, mid-term, long-term. Results: Based on the group surveys and the data analysis, 46 candidates were selected as quality evaluation priority areas. 13 areas were selected as having a short-term priority areas: tuberculosis, community acquired pneumonia, stroke, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, chronic lower respiratory disease(asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), intensive care unit, emergency room, nosocomial infection, use of antibiotics, multiple medication and renal failure. This results suggested that we need to enlarge the target priority areas to the chronic diseases in short-term. Conclusions: The priority areas identified from the study will assist healthcare quality associated institutions as well as HIRA in selecting quality evaluation areas. It is required to develope and implement strategies for improving the quality of care within the next 5 years.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2017

Functional foods are of great significance since our society is accelerating into aging. An aging society has many physiological metabolic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, dementia and geriatric diseases. Fundamental treatments for the elderly are almost impossible and the social burden is heavy. If these diseases can be prevented or alleviated by improving dietary habits using functional foods, the significance would be very large. Pomegranate has been found to have 124 different kinds of phytochemicals. Polyphenols have a wide range of protective effects including various physiological metabolic diseases and cancers. It is necessary to develop functional foods such as preservatives and food extenders which can contribute to food safety, required in the food industry, by using such bioactive substances. Pomegranates have been reported to decrease the impact of many serious illnesses. There is a considerable amount of bioactive substances in the peel of a pomegranate, which has potent anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-apoptotic properties. Unfortunately, the peel is typically discarded after processing. Despite knowledge regarding the bioactive substances in the pomegranate peel and peel extracts, including their functionality and diversity, the knowledge is not well known by consumers in general. The aim of this study was to review up to date research trends for processing and developing new functional foods by utilizing nutritional functional substances, favourite food materials, and materials for processing food contained in pomegranate peels and pomegranate peel extracts. This study will summarize the data found in pomegranate peel and pomegranate peel extract literature mainly recently published in Science Direct. There are polyphenolic compounds (ellagitannins, punicalagin, proanthocyanidin, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc.) in the fruit peel, making up about 50% of the pomegranate's weight. The polyphenol content of a pomegranate fruit peel is 149.91 mg/g, which is about 100 times higher than the juice. Paying attention to the fact that the ellagitannin content (14.22 mg/g) in the fruit peel is also twice as high as that of the fruit juice and seeds, that confirms the possibility of utilizing the peel as a food ingredient capable of developing new, functional bioactive foods.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.428-439
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of chronic diseases according to obesity in the elderly older than age 65 using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016~2018). The subjects of the survey were 3,245 elderly older than age 65 who participated in the health survey and nutrition survey, 45.8% of the subjects were males and 54.2% of the subjects were female. 37.5% of all the elderly were obese, and the females (42.4%) were more obese than the males (31.8%) (p<0.001). Diabetes, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia had a similar prevalence of 24.6%, 63.0%, and 12.7% in males and females, respectively. Hypercholesterolemia was higher in the elderly females (44.2%) than in the elderly males (24.9%) (p<0.001). Through the logistic regression analysis, it was found that the prevalence of chronic diseases was higher in obesity than normal in elderly males and females (p<0.001). The total food intake increased from 'under weight' to 'obesity' in males (p<0.01) and females (p<0.001). In the case of the elderly males, the higher the degree of obesity, the higher the energy intake (p<0.05), and 'pre-obesity' consumed the most energy in elderly females. As a result of this study, the higher the obesity rate of the elderly, the higher the prevalence of chronic diseases.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10251-10254
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• 2015

Uterine cancer is the most common invasive gynaecological cancer in Australia. Early detection is a key predictive factor achieved by increasing public awareness and participation in screening. This observational study measures awareness of gynaecological malignancies, particularly uterine, among women in two rural areas of New South Wales, Australia. Patients presenting to gynaecology clinics in January to March 2014 were invited to complete a structured questionnaire. Women with a history of cancer and incomplete questionnaires were excluded. Of the 382 patients invited to participate, 329 (86%) responded with complete feedback. Most respondents were younger than than 50 years (66%) and married with at least 2 children (74%). The majority (94%) of participants had no awareness of uterine cancer and many (46%) were unable to identify common risk factors including obesity, diabetes and hypertension. The ability to identify risk factors was correlated to age, marital status and obesity. The study identifies poor awareness on uterine malignancies in two typical areas of rural Australia. Although external validity is limited by sociological factors, poor awareness of uterine cancer among rural patients in this study represents a valid public health concern. It is imperative to improve awareness of uterine cancer and available screening programs to facilitate early detection and cure.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2011

한국인의 대사증후군 관련 식사요인 중 다량 영양소의 섭취 양상을 파악하고 역학적 특성을 파악하기 위해 2007~2008 국민건강영양조사 자료를 분석하였다. 한국인의 다량 영양소 섭취 양상은 성별, 연령대별, 건강 상태별로 달랐으나 전체적으로 탄수화물 섭취가 높은 편이고 지방의 섭취가 낮은 편이었다. 특히 60대 이상에서 당뇨병이나 고혈압 진단을 받았거나 대사증후군을 가지고 있는 사람들은 다른 그룹에 비해 탄수화물 에너지비가 더욱 높고 지방 섭취는 더욱 낮았으며 지방 급원 음식도 달랐다. 따라서 향후 대사증후군 및 기타 만성 질환의 예방과 관리를 위해서는 한국인의 성별, 연령대별, 건강상태별로 식생활의 특성을 파악하고 이를 토대로 적절한 영양 정책과 사업을 실시하여야 할 것이다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.51-60
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• 1995

Obesity is defined as excessive storage of energy in the form of fat resulting in adverse effect on healthy and longevity. Some data have shown increased incidence of hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia in overweight individuals and other disorders such as joint disease, cancer have been also associated with obesity. Recently, various commercial diet programs have been introduced for weight reduction without scientific evaluation for clinical effect and safety. The diet program must be based on a sound and scientific rationale and also be safe and nutritionally adequate. Pulmuone $diet^{(R)}$ is a calorie-restricted commercial diet-food, which contains adequate nutritients. The efficacy and safety of Pulmuone diet were evaluated in 28 normal healthy obese females in a prospective study. Each volunteer was placed in 3-week diet program. To observe weight reduction effect, body weight, TSF and AMC were measured every week. To account for safety of this program, blood chemistry test, blood pressure and side effects were monitored every week. Mean body weight was reduced by 3.24kg following diet program, which is statistically significant(P < 0.05) and this weight reduction was related to reduction in fat weight and not muscle weight as shown by the results of TSF and AMC Blood chemistry was not influenced by this program, but blood pressure was significantly reduced following this program. Thought diet program was generally well tolerated in most volunteers, the most frequent side effects are constipation, dizzness and headache. In conclusion, Pulmuone $diet^{(R)}$ program seems to be safe and effective for weight reduction in normal healthy obese females.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

Objectives: Areca nut is widely consumed in many parts of the world, especially in South and Southeast Asia, where cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also a huge burden. Among the forms of CVD, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Research has shown areca nut chewing to be associated with diabetes, hypertension, oropharyngeal and esophageal cancers, and CVD, but little is known about mortality and re-hospitalization secondary to ACS among areca nut users and non-users. Methods: A prospective cohort was studied to quantify the effect of areca nut chewing on patients with newly diagnosed ACS by categorizing the study population into exposed and non-exposed groups according to baseline chewing status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations of areca nut chewing with the risk of re-hospitalization and 30-day mortality secondary to ACS. Results: Of the 384 ACS patients, 49.5% (n=190) were areca users. During 1-month of follow-up, 20.3% (n=78) deaths and 25.1% (n=96) re-hospitalizations occurred. A higher risk of re-hospitalization was found (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 3.27; p=0.002) in areca users than in non-users. Moreover, patients with severe disease were at a significantly higher risk of 30-day mortality (aHR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.67 to 4.59; p<0.001) and re-hospitalization (aHR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.73 to 4.26; p<0.001). Conclusions: The 30-day re-hospitalization rate among ACS patients was found to be significantly higher in areca users and individuals with severe disease. These findings suggest that screening for a history of areca nut chewing may help to identify patients at a high risk for re-hospitalization due to secondary events.