• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.457-457
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• 2012

말라리아는 매개체에 의한 전염병으로써 국내에서는 이미 1970년대에 사라진 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 1990년대에 재발생하여 2000년대 초반까지 경기도와 강원도 북부지역에서 환자가 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 사람에게서 발병하는 말라리아는 4종으로 알려져 있으나 우리나라의 경우 이 중 오로지 삼일열 원충감염에 의한 것으로 밝혀졌다(질병관리 본부, 2010). 기후변화는 질병의 발생에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 중요한 요인 중 하나로써 매개체에 의한 질병의 경우 기후요소는 매개체의 번식과 활동에 적지않은 영향을 미친다. 특히 말라리아의 경우 병원균을 가진 개체수와 모기에 물리는 횟수, 감염된 모기의 수, 그 모기에 사람이 물리는 횟수와 관계가 있으나 기온과 강수량, 습도의 변화 등 기후 및 수문학적 요소와도 밀접한 관계를 가지는 것으로 밝혀졌다(Lindsay & Birley, 1996; 박윤형 외, 2006; 신호성, 2011 재인용). 본 연구의 목적은 한반도 기후-수문학적 환경특성 및 변화를 파악하고 지역적 말라리아 발생과의 상관관계를 도출하며 이를 기반으로 하여 말라리아 발생의 변동을 예측하는 것이다. 분석에 사용된 데이터는 말라리아 발생자료의 경우, 질병관리 본부에서 제공하는 2001년 1월~2011년 12월 까지의 약 16000건의 발병자료가 포함 되었고 분석의 시간 단위는 2WEEKS 이며 전국 251개의 시군구에서 발생한 전염병을 합산하였다. 기상자료의 경우 기상청 기후자료 관리 시스템에서 제공하는 동일 기간대의 평균기온, 최고(최저)기온, 강수량, 신적설, 평균 해면기압, 평균 이슬점 온도, 평균 상대습도, 평균풍속, 평균운량, 일조시간 자료를 활용하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 AWS(Automatic Weather Station)자료의 경우 기본적으로 point 형태의 관측자료이고, 분석기간 동안의 개수에서도 차이가 있기 때문에 공간 내삽기법인 kriging을 활용하여 행정구역과 zonal하는 방법으로 재가공 하였다. 지역의 수문학적 특성의 경우 10*10 DEM을 기반으로 ESRI ArcGIS 소프트웨어의 ArcHydro 기능을 이용 하여 유역을 생성하는 방법을 채택하였다. 본 연구에서는 통계적 모형을 기본으로 기후 및 수문 특성과 말라리아 발생간의 상관관계를 분석하였으며 시계열 자료의 특성상 포아송 분포의 Generalized Estimation Equation 과 Generalized Linear Model을 이용한다(Baccini 외, 2008; 신호성, 2011). 또한 말라리아 잠복시간의 지연효과 및 전염병의 계절 영향을 반영하기 위하여 Fourier transform 을 적용 하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Soil moisture plays a critical role in hydrological processes, land-atmosphere interactions and climate variability. It can limit vegetation growth as well as infiltration of rainfall and therefore very important for agriculture sector and food protection. Recently, due to the increased damage from drought caused by climate change, there is a frequent occurrence of shortage of agricultural water, making it difficult to supply and manage stable agricultural water. Efficient water management is necessary to reduce drought damage, and soil moisture management is important in case of upland crops. In this study, soil moisture was calculated based on the water balance model, and the suitability of soil moisture data was verified through the application. The regional soil moisture was calculated based on the meteorological data collected by the meteorological station, and applied the Runs theory. We analyzed the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture and drought impacts, and analyzed the correlation between actual drought impacts and drought damage through correlation analysis of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The soil moisture steadily decreased and increased until the rainy season, while the drought size steadily increased and decreased until the rainy season. The regional magnitude of the drought was large in Gyeonggi-do and Gyeongsang-do, and in winter, severe drought occurred in areas of Gangwon-do. As a result of comparative analysis with actual drought events, it was confirmed that there is a high correlation with SPI by each time scale drought events with a correlation coefficient.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.195-206
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• 2019

In this study, the vulnerable period assessment method for weekly groundwater resources management was developed considering correlation between data of groundwater level, river level, precipitation applying critical infiltration concept. The vulnerable periods of 3 case study were assessed using data of groundwater, precipitation, river level, and results were compared. The weights for between observation stations were calculated using correlation of groundwater, precipitation, river level data, and weights that could be considered recently trend of data for each observation station. The vulnerable period was assessed using final calculated weights and multi criteria decision method, compared result for each case study. The developed method can be a quantitative basis for the establishment of efficient groundwater resources management and the decision of specific countermeasure applyment.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.137-149
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• 2019

Accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (RET) is important to quantify crop evapotranspiration for sustainable water resource management in hydrological, agricultural, and environmental fields. It is estimated by different methods from direct measurements with lysimeters, or by many empirical equations suggested by numerous modeling using local climatic variables. The potential to use some such equations depends on the availability of the necessary meteorological parameters for calculating the RET in specific climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the proper RET equations using limited climatic data and to analyze the temporal and spatial trends of the RET in South Korea. We evaluated the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation (FAO-56 PM) by comparing several simple RET equations and observed small fan evaporation. In this study, the modified Penman equation, Hargreaves equation, and FAO Penman-Monteith equation with missing solar radiation (PM-Rs) data were tested to estimate the RET. Nine weather stations were considered with limited climatic data across South Korea from 1973 - 2017, and the RET equations were calculated for each weather station as well as the analysis of the mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The FAO-56 PM recommended by the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) showed good performance even though missing solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speed data and could still be adapted to the limited data conditions. As a result, the RET was increased, and the evapotranspiration rate was increased more in coastal areas than inland.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.589-601
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• 2019

Various applications of radar rainfall data have been actively employed in the field of hydro-meteorology. Since radar rainfall is estimated by using predefined reflectivity-rainfall intensity relationships, they may not have sufficient reproducibility of observations. In this study, a generalized linear model is introduced to better capture the Z-R relationship in the context of bias correction within a Bayesian regression framework. The bias-corrected radar rainfall with the generalized linear model is more accurate than the widely used mean field bias correction method. In addition, we analyzed variability of the bias correction parameters under various geomorphological conditions such as the height of the weather station and the separation distance from the radar. The identified relationship is finally used to derive a regionalized formula which can provide bias correction factors over the entire watershed. It can be concluded that the bias correction parameters and regionalized method obtained from this study could be useful in the field of radar hydrology.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.83-96
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• 2019

In order to properly manage the river water use, it is necessary to collect reliable data of river water use. However, It is not easy to get credible river water use data in Korea because there are some difficultites in reporting and measuring river water use data. Thus, Han River Flood Control Office has installed and operated measuring facility using V-ADCP on the EOUBO intake open channel in the Gosan-Bongdong station section of the Mankyung river, where the use of agricultural water is large. In this study, the applicability of the V-ADCP velocity profile method was evaluated for real-time river water use. For this reason, the parameter sensitivity of Chiu's 2D velocity distribution equation was analyzed and the optimal parameters based on actual discharge data were calculated. In addition, the characteristics of the velocity profile method were analyzed by comparative evaluation of the rating curve method and the index velocity method.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.433-446
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• 2021

In this study, the future flood inundation changes under a climate change were simulated in the Tonle Sap basin in Cambodia, one of the countries with high vulnerability to climate change. For the flood inundation simulation using the rainfall-runoff-inundation (RRI) model, globally available geological data (digital elevation model [DEM]; hydrological data and maps based on Shuttle elevation derivatives [HydroSHED]; land cover: Global land cover facility-moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer [GLCF-MODIS]), rainfall data (Asian precipitation-highly-resolved observational data integration towards evaluation [APHRODITE]), climate change scenario (HadGEM3-RA), and observational water level (Kratie, Koh Khel, Neak Luong st.) were constructed. The future runoff from the Kratie station, the upper boundary condition of the RRI model, was constructed to be predicted using the long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Based on the results predicted by the LSTM model, a total of 4 cases were selected (representative concentration pathway [RCP] 4.5: 2035, 2075; RCP 8.5: 2051, 2072) with the largest annual average runoff by period and scenario. The results of the analysis of the future flood inundation in the Tonle Sap basin were compared with the results of previous studies. Unlike in the past, when the change in the depth of inundation changed to a range of about 1 to 10 meters during the 1997 - 2005 period, it occurred in a range of about 5 to 9 meters during the future period. The results show that in the future RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, the variability of discharge is reduced compared to the past and that climate change could change the runoff patterns of the Tonle Sap basin.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.1B
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

The radar relationship was estimated for the selected rainfall event at Yeongchun station within Chungjudam basin where the discharge record was the range of from 1,000 CMS to 9,000 CMS. By calibrating the rainfall coefficient parameter estimated by radar relationship in small hydrology basin, rainfall with the topography properties was calculated. Three different rainfall estimation methods were compared:(1) radar relationship method (2) Thiessen method (3) Isohyetal method (4) Inverse distance method. Basin model was built by applying HEC-GeoHMS which uses digital elevation model to extract hydrological characteristic and generate river network. The proposed basin model was used as an input to HEC-HMS to build a runoff model. The runoff estimation model applying radar data showed the good result. It is proposed that the radar data would produce more rapid and accurate runoff forecasting especially in the case of the partially concentrated rainfall due to the atmospheric change. The proposed radar relationship could efficiently estimate the rainfall on the study area(Chungjudam basin).

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2016

The determination of feasible design flood is the most important to control flood damage in river management. Concentration time and storage constant in the Clark unit hydrograph method mainly affects magnitude of peak flood and shape of hydrograph. Model parameters should be calibrated using observed discharge but due to deficiency of observed data the parameters have been adopted by empirical formula. This study is to suggest concentration time and storage constant based on the observed rainfall-runoff data at GongDo stage station in the Ansung river basin. To do this, five criteria have been suggested to compute root mean square error(RMSE) and residual of oserved value and computed one. Once concentration time and storage constant have been determined from three rainfall-runoff event selected at the station, the five criteria based on observed hydrograph and computed hydrograph by the Clark model have been computed to determine the value of concentration time and storage constant. A criteria has been proposed to determine concentration time and storage constant based on the results of the observed hydrograph and the Clark model. It has also been shown that an exponent value of concentration time-cumulative area curve should be determined based on the shape of watershed.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.258-270
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• 2016

This study was conducted to test the green-tide mitigation technique in the lower part of the Sook Stream (Chusori) of Daecheong Reservoir from June 27 to August 24, 2014. And the effects were compared with weekly monitoring result of the watching station of the algae alert system (AAS) as well as test beds reach. The green-tide in a test bed was begun from the upstream, and it was gradually transferred and spread toward the downstream by the hydrological factors. The total amount of algae removed by algae removal device during the test period was 33,920 kg, and solids dewatered by natural gravity was 8,480 kg. Also chlorophyll-a content was 2.83 kg, the number of blue-green algae cells was equivalent to $78.6{\times}10^{14}$ cells. Compared with the results of the watching station of AAS, the pre-concentrate removal work in the outbreak waters was able to suggest the possibility of green-tide mitigation. In addition, an effective management of the green-tide was required spatial and temporal occurrence information and practical device technology. Particularly, the optimal timing of algae removal in the river-reservoir hybrid system was recommended at times before the monsoon rainy season and reached the lowest water level.