• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.229-242
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• 2018

The effects of orally administered fermented porcine placenta (FPP) and its major dipeptides, L-Leucyl-Glycine (Leu-Gly) and Glycyl-L-Leucine (Gly-Leu), on UVB-induced wrinkle formation of the skin in hairless mice was studied. Treatment with FPP, Leu-Gly or Gly-Leu increased type I procollagen synthesis and decreased MMP-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-1) in human dermal fibroblast cells (HDF-N). Hairless mice were also exposed UVB irradiation three times a week and fermented porcine placenta extract (FPP), Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu was administered once a day for eight weeks. Daily intake of FPP, Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu for eight weeks decreased wrinkles, erythema and thickness of the skin and increased skin hydration and synthesis of collagen relative to a UVB-control. Moreover, FPP, Leu-Gly or Gly-Leu intake decreased the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 mRNA levels and inhibited activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 induced by UVB irradiation in hairless mice skin. These results suggest that major dipeptides of the placenta, Leu-Gly and Gly-Leu have the potential for use as a functional food ingredient with anti-wrinkling properties.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.799-807
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• 2020

Background: The skin acts as a barrier to protect organisms against harmful exogenous agents. Compound K (CK) is an active metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2 and Rc, and researchers have focused on its skin protective efficacy. In this study, we hypothesized that increased expression of the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type-5 (SPINK5) may improve skin barrier function. Methods: We screened several ginsenosides to increase SPINK5 gene promoter activity using a transactivation assay and found that CK can increase SPINK5 expression. To investigate the protective effect of CK on the skin barrier, RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to investigate the expression levels of SPINK5, kallikrein 5 (KLK5), KLK7 and PAR2 in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. Measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and histological changes associated with the skin barrier were performed in a UVB-irradiated mouse model and a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis-like model. Results: CK treatment increased the expression of SPINK5 and decreased the expression of its downstream genes, such as KLKs and PAR2. In the UVB-irradiated mouse model and the DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis model, CK restored increased TEWL and decreased hydration and epidermal hyperplasia. In addition, CK normalized the reduced SPINK5 expression caused by UVB or DNCB, thereby restoring the expression of the proteins involved in desquamation to a level similar to normal. Conclusions: Our data showed that CK contributes to improving skin-barrier function in UVB-irradiated and DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis-like models through SPINK5. These results suggest that therapeutic attempts with CK might be useful in treating barrier-disrupted diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2003

Chemical burns onto oral mucosa which are infrequent, may result from contact with a wide variety of chemical agents. The degree of injury depends on the chemical, its concentration, duration of contact, and the natural penetrability and resistance of the tissues involved. Chemicals do not usually "burn" in that they do not cause destruction by hyperthermic activity. Rather, they damage tissue by causing coagulation of protein by one of several processes, reduction, oxidation, desiccation, corrosion, or vesication. Paraquat(Gramoxon) is the most frequently agricultural chemicals that induce the severe toxic reactions onto the organs of human body in Korea. The toxic reaction are composed of pulmonary edema and fibrosis, formation of hyaline membrane, inflammatory reaction and bleeding tendency, owing to the cell damage by the production of superoxide radicals. The contents of essential treatment in paraquat intoxication are commonly airway and breathing maintenance, gastric lavage, much hydration and diuresis, hemoperfusion and medications for the removal of the chemicals and the prevention of various complications. The sedative oral dressings, such as, orabase ointment application, warm saline gargling, lidocaine viscous gargling and oral gargling by the mixed solutions(tetracycline, prednisolone and 10% dextrose water) are important for the improvement of chemical oral mucositis and the comfortable feeding of diet. The authors managed properly two cases of oral chemical mucositis that were occurred by the incorrect use of agricultural chemicals(paraquat) and report the cases with the review of literatures about care of the chemical intoxication and oral mucositis.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2004

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel and cisplatin against advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a second-line chemotherapy. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-five patients were enrolled. The patients received 200 $mg/m^2$ paclitaxel as a 3-hour intravenous infusion and 60 $mg/m^2$ cisplatin as 2D-minute intravenous infusion with vigorous hydration on day 1 every 28 days. The response was assessed every 2 cycles. Results: All 25 patients were assessed for their response and toxicity. Partial responses were observed in 5 patients. The overall response rate was 20%(95% confidence interval, 4%-36%) and the median response duration was 4.5(range, 2-11) months. The median time to progression was 3.3(range, 0-14) months. The median overall survival of all patients was 7.4(range, 1.3-39) months. The hematologic toxicities were minor and easily controlled. Conclusion: The combination chemotherapy of paclitaxel and cisplatin as a second-line treatment has a moderate efficacy with an acceptable toxicity in patients with advanced NSCLC.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2004

Inhibition of the early N-glycosylation process in the endoplasmic reticulum prevents the activation of tyrosinase, a key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis. This work aims at evaluating the increased activity of N-glycosylation inhibitors in vitro b, employing a nano-sized pH-sensitive liposome as a delivery carrier. Melexsome, a pH-sensitive nano carrier loaded with glycosylation inhibitos, was prepared by the hydration method with phospholipids and cholresterol-based amphiphiles. Inhibitory effects of Melexsome on the N-glycosylation process were evaluated by EndoH ＆ PNGaseF digestion and the western blotting. Melanin synthesis was also monitored after treatment with Melexsome Interestingly, Melexsome effectively increased the efficacy of N-glycosylation inhibitors. Melexsome was also much more efficiently translocated into the cytoplasm as observed in CLSM. These results demonstrated that the amphiphilic lipid-based pH-sensitive nano-carriers could be, used as an efficient delivery system for N-glycosylation inhibitor to enhance the effects of skin whitening cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.419-427
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to recycle steel slag generated from the iron producing process and to use steel slag as a construction material which is currently landfilled Steel slag is subjected to aging treatment due to the problem of expansion and collapse when it reacts with water. The Slag Atomizing Technology (SAT) method developed to solve these problems of expanding collapse of steel slag. In this study, experimental study on the emergency repair mortar using the reducing slag, electric arc furnace slag and silicon manganese slag manufactured by the SAT method is Reduced slag was shown an accelerated hydration when it was replaced with rapidly-setting cement, and the rate of substitution was equivalent to 15%. It is shown that the electric furnace oxide slag is equivalent to 100% of the natural aggregate, and it can be replaced by 15-30% when the silicon manganic slag is substituted for the electric furnace oxide slag. With the above formulation, it was possible to design the rapidly repair mortar for road use. These recycling slags can contribute on achieving sustainability of construction industry by reducing the use of cement and natural aggregates and by reducing the generation of carbon dioxide and recycling waste slag.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder characterized by hyperammonemia. CPS1D is caused by mutations in the CPS1 gene on chromosome 2q35. Based on the age of onset, there are two phenotypes: the neonatal type and the delayed-onset type. The severity of clinical manifestation depends on the degree of CPS1 residual enzymatic activity, and can result in hyperammonemia and neurological dysfunction. We report a case of CPS1D in a neonate who developed vomiting, decreased consciousness and hyperammonemia at 25th day after birth. She showed excellent response to treatment including hydration, ammonia-lowering drugs and a low-protein diet without hemodialysis. Her growth, development and neurological outcomes were fair at the last follow-up at 17 months of age.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3500-3505
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• 2009

Sixteen moderate atopic dermatitis patients were treated with applying toner and cream using estern medical herbs[Estern medical complex(Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, Fructus ponciri Seu Aurantii Immaturus, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Radix Puerariae, Rhizoma Corydalis), Cypress, Green tea, Radix Astragali, Red ginseng, Syrup ferment, Apple ferment filtrate] on the atopic area 2-3 times per day for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks of study, the result was a decrease in SCORAD index($26.9{\pm}11.8$ to $14.9{\pm}9.7$(p<0.05)), IgE($641.9{\pm}1294.6$ to $565.8{\pm}1076.8$), Eosinophil count($246.7{\pm}203.5$ to $203.3{\pm}130.7$(p<0.05)) and TEWL($16.7{\pm}5.1$ to $15.4{\pm}8.7$(p<0.05)). And skin hydration was increased($36.6{\pm}10.0$ to $44.0{\pm}10.3$(p<0.01)) maintaining skin pH level. The patient;s and physician's global assessment also improved. Therefore, estern medical herbs may play a role in treatment of atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.562-568
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• 1998

Rice (Dongjin-byeo) added with black rices (Chindo and Suwon-415) was cooked and the changes of texture and color of this cooked rice were investigated by texture analyser and color & color difference meter. The hydration time to come to the equilibrium condition was at least 11 hr in black rices. The optimum ratio of water to cooked rice added with black rice was 1.6 (ratio of water to rice) and the hardness of cooked rice added with 5% Chindo black rice was $5.66\;kg_f$. Regardless of ratio of water to rice, Hunter a value increased as the ratio of black rice addition to rice increased, while L value decreased. The color elution rate of Suwon 415 was 4 times greater than that of Chindo black rice. The pH of the steep water of Suwon 415 at $20^{\circ}C$ during 120 min decreased from pH 6.40 to pH 6.16 as the steeping time increased. The optimum heating time by microwave oven of cooked rice added with black rice was between $90{\sim}120\;sec$ to recover the original texture after cold storage treatment of 7 days.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2012

It is known that some components of wood obstruct the hydration of cement when wood is mixed with cement. In order to examine the effect of pretreatment of wood chips in hot water, this study conducted the experiments for the setting and compressive strength of mortar by sieving pine wood chips with a 2.4mm sieve, dipping them in waters of different temperatures, and then using them as a part of the fine aggregate. For the experiments, water-cement ratio of the mortar was 0.50 and the amount of the fine aggregate substituted by wood chips was set at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of the mass of the fine aggregate. As a result of the test, it was found out that when wood chips were used to substitute fine aggregate for the production of mortar, more usage of wood chips postponed setting more, and the treatment of wood chips with water improved the problem of the delay in setting time. Especially, the final setting time of the mortar which used 2~6% of wood chips treated in $100^{\circ}C$ water for 30 minutes was almost the same as the final setting time of the mortar which used no wood chips. Also, the compressive strength of the mortar which used the wood chips treated with water was compared to that of the mortar which used the wood chips not treated with water. The result showed that the strength improved for age of 7 days and 28 days, while there was little change in strength for age of 3 days.