• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2002

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are the chemicals that affect endocrine systems through activation or inhibition of steroid hormone response. It is necessary to have a good system to evaluate rapidly and accurately endocrine-disrupting activities of suspected chemicals and their degradation products. The key targets of EDs are nuclear hormone receptors, which bind to steroid hormones and regulate their gene transcription. We constructed a co-expression system of Gal4p DNA binding domain (DBD)- ligand binding domain of human estrogen receptor $\alpha$ or $\beta$, and Gal4p transactivation domain (TAD)-co-activator AIB-1, SRC-1 or TIF-2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a chromosome-integrated lacZ reporter gene under the control of CYC1 promoter and Gal4p binding site (GAL4 upstream activating sequence, GAL4$_{UAS}$). Expression of this reporter gene was dependent on the presence of estrogen or EDs in the culture medium. We found that the two-hybrid system with combination of the hER$\beta$ LBD and co-activator SRC-1 was most effective in the xenoestrogen-dependent induction of reporter activity. The extent of transcriptional activation by those chemicals correlated with their estrogenic activities measured by other assay systems, indicating that this assay system is efficient and reliable for measuring estrogenic activity. The data in this research demonstrated that the yeast detection system using steroid hormone receptor and co-activator is a useful tool for identifying chemicals that interact with steroid receptors.s.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2002

An electronic personal dosimeter(EPD) with hybrid type preamplifier adopting a semiconductor detector as a radiation detector has been developed, manufactured and test-evaluated. The radiation detection characteristics of this EPD has been performance-tested by using a reference photon radiation field. After several test-irradiations to a $^{137}Cs$ gamma radiation source the radiation detection sensitivity of this EPD appeared to be $3.8\;cps/Gy{\cdot}h^{-1}$. The linearity of radiation response was kept within 8% of the dose equivalent ranges of $10{\mu}Sv{\sim}4Sv$ and the angular dependence was under less than 4% in angles of ${\pm}60^{\circ}$. It was confirmed that the energy response range was in $60{\sim}1,250keV$ given in the ISO standard. This EPD satisfied the international criteria for the EPD in the mechanical and the environmental performance test for 9 test categories according to IEC 61526.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2008

Ultrasonic C-scan technique is one of very popular techniques being used for detection of flaws in polymer matrix composite(PMC). However, the application of this technique is very limited for evaluation of defects in PMC fabricated by the automated fiber placement process. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel ultrasonic hybrid system based on nondestructive and non-contact ultrasonic techniques for evaluation of delamination in carbon/epoxy and carbon/PPS composite laminates. It was shown that the newly developed ultrasonic hybrid system based on dual air-coupled pitch-catch technique with ultrasonic scattering reflection concept could provide excellent image with higher resolution of delamination in PMC compared with the conventional pitch-catch method. It is expected that this ultrasonic hybrid technique can be applied for on-line inspection of flaws in PMC during the fabrication process.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.120-130
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• 2021

The spinal cord or CSF surgery is a very complex process. It requires continuous pre and post-surgery evaluation to have a better ability to diagnose the disease. To detect automatically the suspected areas of tumors and symptoms of CSF leakage during the development of the tumor inside of the brain. We propose a new method based on using computer software that generates statistical results through data gathered during surgeries and operations. We performed statistical computation and data collection through the Google Source for the UK National Cancer Database. The purpose of this study is to address the above problems related to the accuracy of missing hybrid KNN values and finding the distance of tumor in terms of brain cancer or CSF images. This research aims to create a framework that can classify the damaged area of cancer or tumors using high-dimensional image segmentation and Laplace transformation method. A high-dimensional image segmentation method is implemented by software modelling techniques with measures the width, percentage, and size of cells within the brain, as well as enhance the efficiency of the hybrid KNN algorithm and Laplace transformation make it deal the non-zero values in terms of missing values form with the using of Frobenius Matrix for deal the space into non-zero values. Our proposed algorithm takes the longest values of KNN (K = 1-100), which is successfully demonstrated in a 4-dimensional modulation method that monitors the lighting field that can be used in the field of light emission. Conclusion: This approach dramatically improves the efficiency of hybrid KNN method and the detection of tumor region using 4-D segmentation method. The simulation results verified the performance of the proposed method is improved by 92% sensitivity of 60% specificity and 70.50% accuracy respectively.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.3885-3906
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• 2020

Hybrid fuzzing which combines fuzzing and concolic execution, has proved its ability to achieve higher code coverage and therefore find more bugs. However, current hybrid fuzzers usually suffer from inefficiency and poor scalability when applied to complex, real-world program testing. We observed that the performance bottleneck is the inefficient cooperation between the fuzzer and concolic executor and the slow symbolic emulation. In this paper, we propose a novel solution named EPfuzzer to improve hybrid fuzzing. EPfuzzer implements two key ideas: 1) only the hardest-to-reach branch will be prioritized for concolic execution to avoid generating uninteresting inputs; and 2) only input bytes relevant to the target branch to be flipped will be symbolized to reduce the overhead of the symbolic emulation. With these optimizations, EPfuzzer can be efficiently targeted to the hardest-to-reach branch. We evaluated EPfuzzer with three sets of programs: five real-world applications and two popular benchmarks (LAVA-M and the Google Fuzzer Test Suite). The evaluation results showed that EPfuzzer was much more efficient and scalable than the state-of-the-art concolic execution engine (QSYM). EPfuzzer was able to find more bugs and achieve better code coverage. In addition, we discovered seven previously unknown security bugs in five real-world programs and reported them to the vendors.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.197-202
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• 2008

In this paper, a hybrid vibration-impedance approaches is newly proposed to detect the occurrence of damage, the location of damage, and extent of damage in steel plate-girder bridges. The hybrid scheme mainly consists of three sequential phases: 1) to alarm the occurrence of damage, 2) to classify the alarmed damage, and 3) to estimate the classified damage in detail. Damage types of interest include flexural stiffness-loss in girder and bolts-loose in supports. In the first phase, the global occurrence of damage is alarmed by monitoring changes in acceleration features. In the second phase, the alarmed damage is classified into subsystems by recognizing patterns of impedance features. In the final phase, the location and the extent of damage are estimated by using modal strain energy-based damage index method and root mean square deviation method. The feasibility of the proposed system is evaluated on a laboratory-scaled steel plate-girder bridge model for which hybrid vibration-impedance signatures were measured for several damage scenarios.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2554-2580
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• 2018

Lenstra-Lenstra-$Lov{\acute{a}}sz$ (LLL) is an effective receiving algorithm for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems, which is believed can achieve full diversity in MIMO detection of fading channels. However, the LLL algorithm features polynomial complexity and shows poor performance in terms of convergence. The reduction of algorithmic complexity and the acceleration of convergence are key problems in optimizing the LLL algorithm. In this paper, a variant of the LLL algorithm, the Hybrid-Fix-and-Round LLL algorithm, which combines both fix and round measurements in the size reduction procedure, is proposed. By utilizing fix operation, the algorithmic procedure is altered and the size reduction procedure is skipped by the hybrid algorithm with significantly higher probability. As a consequence, the simulation results reveal that the Hybrid-Fix-and-Round-LLL algorithm carries a faster rate of convergence compared to the original LLL algorithm, and its algorithmic complexity is at most one order lower than original LLL algorithm in real field. Comparing to other families of LLL algorithm, Hybrid-Fix-and-Round-LLL algorithm can make a better compromise in performance and algorithmic complexity.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.964-967
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• 2009

A new hybrid-type touch screen panel (TSP) has been developed based on a-Si:H TFT which can detect the change of both $C_{LC}$ and photo-current. This TSP can detect the difference of $C_{LC}$ between touch and no-touch states in unfavorable conditions such as dark ambient light and shadows. The hybrid TSP sensor consists of a detection area which includes one TFT for photo sensing and two TFTs for amplification. Compared to a single internal capacitive TSP or an optical sensing TSP, this new proposed hybrid-type TSP enables larger sensing margin due to embedding of both optical and capacitive sensors.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.800-812
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• 2012

This paper analyses the mathematical model and control strategies of a Hybrid Active Power Filter with Injection Circuit (IHAPF). The control strategy based on the load harmonic current detection is selected. A novel control method for a IHAPF, which is based on the analyzed control mathematical model, is proposed. It consists of two closed-control loops. The upper closed-control loop consists of a single fuzzy logic controller and the IHAPF model, while the lower closed-control loop is composed of an Adaptive Network based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) controller, a Neural Generalized Predictive (NGP) regulator and the IHAPF model. The purpose of the lower closed-control loop is to improve the performance of the upper closed-control loop. When compared to other control methods, the simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control method has the advantages of a shorter response time, good online control and very effective harmonics reduction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.71-74
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• 2003

Photoconductor for direct detection fiat-panel imager present a great materials challenge, since their requirement include high X-ray absorption, ionization and charge collection, low leakage current and large area deposition, CdTe is practical material. We report studies of detector sensitivity, That is an CdTe with $5{\mu}m$ thickness on glass. That is hybrid layer of depositting ZnS:AgCl phosphor with $100{\mu}m$ on CdTe. The leakage current of hybrid is similar to it of a-Se, but photocurrent is larger than a-Se. Both of them have high spatial resolution, but hybrid has higher sensitivity than a-Se at comparable bias voltage.