• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.79-93
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dynamic characteristics of knitted fabrics on the clothing pressure of foundation. Five knitted fabrics of foundation were selected by different fiber types and blended ratios for the study. The dynamic characteristics of foundation wears made with five different fabrics were measured by KES-FB system method. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The tensile linearity and resilience of f1 were lower than those of other samples. While the tensile resistances of f1, f2 and f4 samples were high, the coefficients of friction of them were low. The bending rigidity and geometric roughness of f5 were higher than the others. 2. The clothing pressure of f3 all-in-one sample was the highest, and followed by f5, f4, f2 and f1, respectively. This result showed that the compression resilience affected on the clothing pressure greatly. 3. In terms of the clothing pressure by posture, the clothing pressure at $90^{\circ}$ bending posture was the highest and followed by that at standing and one-leg-up, respectively. The back part of abdomen was pressured most at $90^{\circ}$ bending posture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.656-660
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• 2009

Various dynamic models of seated posture human body have been developed because the importance about the ride comfort assessment of vehicles is highly emphasized from day to day. The dynamic models of human body make possible the simulation of ride comfort assessment by applied to the vehicle dynamic model. Recently, the importance of ride comfort is also regarded to working vehicles such as excavators and the research of the ride comfort assessment for working vehicle is required. Only vertical vibration dominantly occurs on the seat of the private car driving with constant velocity. In contrast, vertical/fore-and-aft/pitch vibration seriously occurs on the seat of the working excavator. So, the dynamic models of seated human body applied to working vehicles should describe the dynamic characteristics for vertical/fore-and-aft/pitch direction. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of seated human body are represented as apparent inertia matrix. The apparent inertia matrix is obtained by the vertical/fore-and-aft/pitch excitation of seated human body. 6 resonance frequencies are observed in apparent inertia matrix. This result can be applied to develop the dynamic model for seated posture human body.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.475-480
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• 2013

Objective: In this study, virtual reality was adopted to consider ergonomic factors in yacht design. Virtual human which is the same actual human was created in virtual environment using Digital Human Modeling which has been used in the manufacturing communities to design better workplaces and maximize the safety of workers. Background: During the past 40 years yachting has expanded from being, generally speaking, a minority sport - too expensive for the large majority of people - into a major recreational activity practiced by millions all over the world. Many new yacht designs have appeared and number of professional, as well as amateur designers has increased steadily. But they had not considered ergonomic factors in yacht design. Method: Worker's posture, traffic line and workload had been analyzed in sailing yacht. After the caution level was evaluated, we pointed out clues which had high workload and interference. To reduce workload, we applied ergonomic principles for improving working conditions and environments in Digital Human Model. Results: We found the space problems and workload of postures. Conclusion: (1) Unnatural posture of crews was sustained. (2) Workload that occurs in the human body was overloaded. (3) Crew's work space was very narrow. Application: This study will be applied the new ergonomic design of yacht.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.415-427
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thermoregulatory responses to postures under different environmental conditions and to obtain the basal information for standard clothing weight, indoor climates, and working condition. Two adult female (22.5yrs, 46kg) were participated in this study. The experimental conditions were divided into three groups ; 1) comfort($27{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $60{\pm}10%$), 2) hot($34{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $60{\pm}10%$), and 3) cold($21{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}10%$) condition. The postures performed were as follows; standing, sitting on the chair, sitting on the floor, and supine on the floor. At each condition, subjective sensations, 12 points skin temperature, rectal temperature, total and local sweat rate, pulse rates, blood pressure, skin blood flow rate were measured. The results were as follows : 1. Rectal temperature was high significant among groups in order of supine, sitting on the floor, sitting on the chair, standing posture(p<0.01). 2. Skin temperature was high in part of contact with the surface of the floor or wall and the effect of posture was greater in peripheral temperature than torso temperature. Sitting on the chair and sitting on the floor posture showed higher peripheral temperature than standing and supine posture. And peripheral temperature was lower in supine posture than any other postures. 3. Total and local sweat rate were decreased in order of standing, sitting on the chair, sitting on the floor, supine posture. 4. Pulse rate and disastolic blood pressure were higher in standing posture than supine posture, and there was significant difference between two postures(p<0.001). 5. Blood flow rate of thigh was high in sitting on the chair and sitting on the floor posture and low in standing posture. Blood flow rate of leg was low in standing posture significantly(p<0.01). 6. In comfort and hot condition, temperature sensation and comfort sensation were higher in standing posture and lower in supine posture than any other postures. In cold condition, temperature sensation was lower and comfort sensation was higher in standing and supine posture than any other postures. And supine posture was appeared positive in hot condition and negative in cold condition. From this study, we confirmed the effects of posture on human thermoregulatory responses. Results indicate that even under same conditions and clothing weight, the insulation of clothing will be different to postures.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2006

Background : As each human has a look in the face of oneself, he or she has a look of him or herself in the shape of the body also. And for the shape of the body which gives a big clue in diagnosis in musculoskeletal disorders. Therefor many means are used and developed for diagnosis through body shape or posture analysis for musculoskeletal disorders. X-ray, CT, MRI has been used for diagnosis through image in this way to tell about the inside of the human body. On the other side, moire topography was used for information about the exterior of the human body, but yet only minimal information such as the number of contour lines in each side was available. Therefor there were a few studies to use moire topography or other methods to get information about the surface of the human body in numeric values. The instrument used in this study which is a laser projection moire, is another trial to get numeric data about the surface of the human body. The instrument is composed of laser projector and a computer software to recompose and analyse the image data into depth, height, angle and length. Objectives : The study was focused on whether the instrument is reliable for clinic use, and to seek the proper environment and posture for the examination, and among the data the software provides, which items are more reliable and useful. Methods : For reproductivity and repeatability, 4 testers tested 2 persons. And to how if the body shape changes according to the posture and which posture gives the most reliable data, the test was performed in 6 different positions. Results : Result, the instrument showed sufficient repeatability and reproductivity for clinical use. And among the items the software provides, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane showed reliable results. And there was difference in the results according to the posture, and Therefor, in following studies using this instrument or similar type of posture analysing instruments, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane could be reliable item to use.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.77.2-77
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• 2002

Human upright standing posture in the sagittal plane is studied, when it exposed in the antero-posterior vibration. A two link inverted pendulum model is considered and described its functional behavior in terms of ankle and hip joint according to the dominant joints that provides the largest contribution to the corresponding human reactionary motion. The data is analyzed, both in the time domain and the frequency domain. Subjects behave as a non-rigid pendulum with a mass and a spring throughout the whole period of the platform motion. When vision was allowed, each segment of body shows more stabilized.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.149-154
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• 1998

The design of seat is maintaining to final stable posture. The final stable posture is the seated posture in which the force of the pad and spring supporting the body is balanced with the body weight and the bodydoes not sink anyfurther intothe seat. With poorly designed seated seats, your behind maygradually move forward, or localized pressure may result in congestion of the blood or numbness, making you want to move. Therefore, the final stable posture is not maintained. A number of ideas were used in this study will eliminate this problem. In automobile seat design, primary attention has forcused on providing the occupant with a comfortable seat that has sufficient padding and adjuxtments toaccomodate different sizes and postures of people. First of all, whether the process is design-oriented or technology-oriented, the design concept must be human-oriented. The fatigue-alleviating seats which were the primary purpose of this research were studied with a human-oriented approach.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.517-524
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• 2022

Human pose estimation is a method of estimating a posture by extracting a human joint key point. When occlusion occurs, the joint key point extraction performance is lowered because the human joint is covered. The occlusion phenomenon is largely divided into three types of actions: self-contained, covered by other objects, and covered by background. In this paper, we propose an effective posture estimation method using a masking phenomenon enhancement technique. Although the posture estimation method has been continuously studied, research on the occlusion phenomenon of the posture estimation method is relatively insufficient. To solve this problem, the author proposes a data augmentation technique that intentionally masks human joints. The experimental results in this paper show that the intentional use of the blocking phenomenon enhancement technique is strong against the blocking phenomenon and the performance is increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.147-150
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• 1996

Human posture prediction and motion simulation methods try to solve inverse kinematic problems using the optimization technique based on the concept of minimum principle. It is very important to select a cost function which relfects the human posture acurately. In this study, lifting postures were predicted using the five biomechanical cost functions and compared with real human postures in order to evaluate the predictivities of the cost functions. The result showed that all the biomechanical cost functions used in this study could not predict lifting postures accurately. The cost function which minimizes the sum of joint moments showed the smallest mean prediction error, while the one which minimizes the MUR showed statistically better performance.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 2016

Hand posture recognition is an important technique to enable a natural and familiar interface in the human-computer interaction (HCI) field. This paper introduces a hand posture recognition method using a depth camera. Moreover, the hand posture recognition method is incorporated with the Moving Picture Experts Group Rich Media User Interface (MPEG-U) Advanced User Interaction (AUI) Interface (MPEG-U part 2), which can provide a natural interface on a variety of devices. The proposed method initially detects positions and lengths of all fingers opened, and then recognizes the hand posture from the pose of one or two hands, as well as the number of fingers folded when a user presents a gesture representing a pattern in the AUI data format specified in MPEG-U part 2. The AUI interface represents a user's hand posture in the compliant MPEG-U schema structure. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the hand posture recognition system and verified that the AUI interface is compatible with the MPEG-U standard.