• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.349-354
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• 2006

Furaneol, a key aroma compound found in strawberry, pineapple, and processed foodstuffs, has been known to possess various biological activities on animal models. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of furaneol against human pathogenic microorganisms were investigated. The results indicated that furaneol displayed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi without hemolytic activity on human erythrocyte cells. To confirm the antifungal activity of furaneol, we examined the accumulation of intracellular trehalose as a stress response marker on toxic agents and its effect on dimorphic transition of Candida albicans. The results demonstrated that furaneol induced significant accumulation of intracellular trehalose and exerted its antifungal effect by disrupting serum-induced mycelial forms. These results suggest that furaneol could be a therapeutic agent having a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity on human pathogenic microorganisms.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2003

This study was performed to screen antimicrobial activities of 198 extracts from 66 Korean mushrooms against 19 human pathogenic microorganisms using paper disc method. Mushrooms were extracted with petroleum ether 80% ethanol and distilled water in that order Among the extracts with antimicrobial activities, 1 water extract of Amanita virgineoides, 8 ethanolic extracts including Amanita and 1 petroleum ether extrac of Psathyrella hydrophila were highly active against fungi, respectively. In addition to, 24 extracts including Amanita pseudoporphyria, Amanita spissacea, 3 extaracts including Paxillus curtisii were highly active against Gram negative and positive bacteria, respectively.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.151-152
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• 2002

Bacterial infection is a very complex process in which both pathogenic microorganisms and host cells play crucial roles, and it is the outcome of interactions between the two participants. To elucidate the bacterial pathogenesis mechanisms, therefore, it is essential to understand the cellular and systemic responses of the host as well as the virulence factors of the pathogen. Infection of a host by pathogenic bacteria causes drastic changes in the physiology of host cells, leading to activation of a program of various gene expression. (omitted)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1031-1036
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• 2005

[ $(+)-Lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-\beta-D-glucopyranoside$ ] (1) was isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the root bark from Lycium chinense Miller, and its structure was determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy including DEPT, HMQC, and HMBC. $(+)-Lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-\beta-D-glucopyranoside$ exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients, and human pathogenic fungi without having any hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. In particular, compound 1 induced the accumulation of intracellular trehalose on C. albicans as stress response to the drug, and disrupted the dimorphic transition that forms pseudo-hyphae caused by the pathogenesis. This indicates that $(+)-Lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-\beta-D-glucopyranoside$ has excellent potential as a lead compound for the development of antibiotic agents.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2007

A number of essential oils from Mongolian aromatic plants are claimed to have antimicrobial activities. The essential oil of Dracocephalum foetidum, a popular essential oil used in Mongolian traditional medicine, was examined for its antimicrobial activity. Eight human pathogenic microorganisms including B. subtilis, S. aureus, M. lutens, E. hirae, S. mutans, E. coli, C. albicans, and S. cerevisiae were examined. The essential oil of Dracocephalum foetidum exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against most of the pathogenic bacteria and yeast strains that were tested; by both the agar diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay ($MIC\;range\;was\;26-2592{\mu}g/ml$). Interestingly, Dracocephalum foetidum even showed antimicrobial activity against methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. We also analyzed the chemical composition of the oil by GC-MS and identified several major components, including n-Mentha-1,8-dien-10-al, limonene, geranial, and neral.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.220-221
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• 2003

Bacterial infection is a very complex process in which both pathogens and host cells play crucial roles, and the host cells undergo drastic changes in their physiology, releasing various proteins in response to the pathogenic infection. Human airway epithelial surface serves as a first line of defense against microorganisms and the external environment. It is well known that bronchial epithelial cells secrete various chemokines and cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 to cope with various respiratory pathogens. (omitted)

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.208-219
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• 2019

Probiotics are very closely related to gut microbiome and recognized as beneficial microorganisms for our health. They have various biological effects such as inhibition of pathogenic bacteria, activation of beneficial bacteria, prevention of diarrhea and constipation, enhanced immune activity etc. Prebiotics, non-digestible carbohydrates such as galactooligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide, are utilized by beneficial gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, resulting in production of short chain fatty acids which inhibit pathogenic bacteria in the gut and function for human health. Synbiotics are introduced for synergistic effects when probiotics are combined with prebiotics and now commercially available. At the moment many functional ingredients are developed and commercialized. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics might be hot items in the functional food market and the values will increase according to the results of human gut microbiome researches. To meet the situation, systematic and scientific studies as well as marketing effects should be accompanied.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.111.1-111.1
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• 2003

Bacterial infection is a very complex process in which both pathogens and host cells play crucial roles, and the host cells undergo drastic changes in their physiology, releasing various proteins in response to the pathogenic infection. Human airway epithelial surface serves as a first line of defense against microorganisms and the external environment. It is well known that bronchial epithelial cells secrete various chemokines and cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 to cope with various respiratory pathogens. (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 1997

The cornea and conjunctiva of the human eye are exposed to external environment and thus are damageable. If the damaged part is infected with some pathogenic microorganisms. serious visual loss may be occured by inflammation. Keratitis or conjunctivitis does not always occur if the eyes are routinely exposed to pathogenic factors because lysozyme in human tears has antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms. 10 this study we have selected 5 strains causing keratitis and/or conjunctivitis. and cultured them in the optimum media. And then we have estimated the growth inhibition of the strains with the addition of various concentration of lysozyme to media to investigate the antimicrobial activity of lysozyme. The results are as follows. The growth of the strains were decreased according to the increase of lysozyme concentration. The growth of Pseudomonas. Neisseria. Klebsiella and Staphylococcus were inhibited 43%, 41%, 35% and 22% respectively by 1 mM concentration of lysozyme. The susceptibility of the gram-negative bacteria to lysozyme is 1.5~2 times higher than the Staphylococcus which is gram-positive bacteria in 1 mM concentration of lysozyme. But lysozyme inhibited the growth of Fusarium which is fungi slightly.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.517-525
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• 2020

Background: The study was planned to show the status of indoor microorganisms and the status of the reduction device in the military dog clinic. Methods: Airborne microbes were analyzed according to the number of daily patient canines. For identification of bacteria, sampled bacteria was identified using VITEK^®2 and molecular method. The status of indoor microorganisms according to the operation of the ventilation system was analyzed. Results: Airborne bacteria and fungi concentrations were 1000.6 ± 800.7 CFU/m³ and 324.7 ± 245.8 CFU/m³. In the analysis using automated identification system, based on fluorescence biochemical test, VITEK^®2, mainly human pathogenic bacteria were identified. The three most frequently isolated genera were Kocuria (26.6%), Staphylococcus (24.48%), and Granulicatella (12.7%). The results analyzed by molecular method were detected in the order of Kocuria (22.6%), followed by Macrococcus (18.1%), Glutamicibacter (11.1%), and so on. When the ventilation system was operated appropriately, the airborne bacteria and fungi level were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Airborne bacteria in the clinic tend to increase with the number of canines. Human pathogenic bacteria were mainly detected in VITEK^®2, and relatively various bacteria were detected in molecular analysis. A decrease in the level of bacteria and fungi was observed with proper operation of the ventilation system.