• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.342-348
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• 2001

본 연구는 동맥경화의 원인으로 알려진 사람 oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL)에 대한 chitin sulfate의 산화억제 효과에 대하여 실험하였다. 사람 LDL을 쥐의 마크로파지 유도 oxidized LDL로 산화시킬 때 chitin sulfate를 첨가하여 TBARS와 전기영동에 의한 이동상 및 $O_2$소거 기능을 확인하였다. 사람 LDL에 macrophage를 이용해서 LDL을 산화시킬 때 chitin sulfate를 50~100 $\mu$M 첨가하였을 때 억제 효과가 높았으며, chitin sulfate를 100 $\mu$M 첨가하였을 때 LDL의 산화가 거의 억제되었고, 전기영동에 의한 이동거리도 100 $\mu$M chitin sulfate에서 완전히 억제되었다. 그리고 phorbol myristate acetate를 처리한 마크로파아지 유도 활성 산소의 소거 효과는 chitin sulfate의 농도가 100$\mu$M일 때 거의 소거하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 chitin sulfate는 동맥경화의 예방에 효과적이라는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.320-327
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• 1999

The flavonoids are one of the most numberous and widespread groups of natural consituents. The low molecular weight of benzo-${\gamma}$-pyrone derivative are ubiquitous in plants and are vegetables nuts, seeds, leaves, flowers, and bark. The flavonoids constitute of a large class of compounds ubiquitous in plants containing a number of phenolic hydroxyl groups attached to ring structures conferring the antioxidant activity. Epidemiologic studies suggest that the dietary intake of antioxidants constitutes a risk factor for vasclar disease indicating that oxidation may be important in the pathogenesis of human athero-sclerosis. Elevated plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, LDL is oxidized by smooth muscle cells resulting in several chemicals and physical changes of LDL. Oxidized LDL is responsible for cholesterol loading of macrophages foam cells formation and atherogenesis. There have been insulficient tests of the protective effects of flavonoids against LDL oxidation to make definitive statements about their structure activity relationships. How-ever hydroxylation of the flavone uncleas can appears to be advantageous because polyhydroxylated aglycone flavonoids are potent inhibitor of LDL modification. This identification may lead to new and more effective antioxidant strategies for abrogating the atherosclerotic process the leading cause of death and disability in industrialized societies.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1999

Bacillus sp. RH-5로 배양한 배양액을 silica gel column (8.0cmX100cm)chromatography를 행하여 chloroform : methanol = 90 : 10인 항산화 분획층을 얻어 TLC 법에 의해 활성이 있는 물질을 분리하여 thiocyanate method로 활성을 측정하여 본 결과 Vit. E($10^{-2}$ mol)보다 좋았으며 BHA, BHT와는 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다. 한편 $5_\muM$ $CuSO_4$ 촉매 사람 Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL)의 산화에 항산화 활성이 알려진 Fraction 3의 band 4를 각각 100 및 200$\mu$g/$m\ell$ 농도로 $37^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 배양한 결과 LDL의 산화에 대한 억제효과가 좋았다. Fraction 3의 band 4를 HPLC로 정제한 후 IR. NMR 및 GC/MASS.로 확인한 결과 5-hydroxyndole로 확인되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.362-370
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• 1995

Human plasma low density lipoprotein(LDL) is the main carrier for cholesterol, and recent studies suggest the normal LDL can be readily oxidized by free radical and not interact with LDL receptor. Lipoprotein pariticles are consisted of lipid andprotein, and fatty acids of lipoproteins are prone to oxidation. LDL particles readily undergo oxidative modification by copper. From the results, oxidized LDL altered its biological properties. A marked increase in the electrophoretic mobility of LDl on agarose gel indicated that negative surface charge of the LDL particles was increased. Also, the results from the HPLC showed that oxidized LDL was degraded into several polypeptides nonenzymatically. Degradation tests which measured the amount of 5-IAF labelled oxidized LDL were carried out by monocyte and hepatocyte cell culture. Hepatocyte cell culture of modified LDL did not show consistent pattern. However, binding rate of modified LDL with HMDM(human monocyte derived macrophage) was enhanced with oxidation, but was retarded by addition of antioxidants(hyaluronic acid, vitamin A, vitamin E). Also comparisons of oxidized-LDL, acetyl-LDL and MDA-LDL showed significant differences in the chemical properteis and binding affinity to HMDM. Thus, modificaition of normal LDL altered its biological properties.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 1996

The methanol extract of Taraxacum coreanum Nakai (Compositae) was examined on the in vitro oxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL). It is well known that LDL oxidation induced artherosclerosis, if we can protect LDL oxidation process, excess plasma lipoprotein accumulation into the arterial lesion prone areas can be blocked. The methanol extract was treated with oxidized LDL which was incubated with $16\;{\mu}M$ $Cu^{2+}$ for metal catalyzed oxidation and TBA value, mobility on agarose gel and formation of conjugated diene and change of vitamin E were determined for the evaluation. The extract showed antioxidative effect at concentration $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ on LDL oxidation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.275-279
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• 1997

Fruits of Arctium lappa L. (Compositae), which has been used as the antiinflammatory, detoxifying and diuretic agents in the folk remedies, was examined on the in vitro oxidation of human low density lipoprotein (LDL). Several lines of evidence indicate that oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) may promote atherogenesis. Hence. The role of antioxidants in the prevention of LDL oxidation needs to be determined. The activity of fractions of Arctii Fructus treated with oxidized LDL which was incubated with $16\;{\mu}M$ of $Cu^{2+}$ for metal catalyzed oxidation was investigated. The BuOH fraction (4\;ppm) inhibited the oxidative modification of LDL as evidenced by a decrease in the lipid peroxide content (thiobarbituric acid reacting substances activity), the negative charge of LDL (electrophoretic mobility) and increase of the vitamine E content.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 1999

This study was designed to develope the antioxidative activity on oxidation of human low density lipoprotein(LDL) from marine microbials. Bacillus KS-96 producign antioxidant have been isolated and identified from seawater, Bacillus sp. KS-96. The optimal medium pH was 7.0 and incubation temperature was 30$^{\circ}C$. The antiosidant of potential substance produced extracellularly in the culture broth by Bacillus sp. KS-96 was obtained by elution of silica gel culumn chromatography with hexane, ethylacetate and water. The ethylacetate faction are shown at highest level of antioxidant activity using thiocyanate method among them. By IR, NMR, and GC/MS, antioxidant purified from ehtylacetate fraction was identified and named as 2,6-dimethoxyphenol. 2,6-dimethoxyphenol inhibited the metal mediated oxidation of human LDL at concentration of 50∼100 ${\mu}$g/mL in the presence of 5uM CuSO4 with macrophage or J774 cells.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 동맥경화의 원인으로 알려진 사람 low density lipoprotein (LDL)에 대한 garlic oil의 산화억제 효과에 대하여 실험하였다. Garlic oil을 HPLC로 분석한 결과 diallyl disulfide, diallyltrisulfide, diallyltetrasulfide and diallyl pentasulfide 등의 유황화합물이 많이 들어 있었다. 사람 LDL을 $Cu^{2+}$ 및 macrophages 유도 oxidized LDL로 산화시킬 때 garlic oil을 20~60${\mu}g$/mL 범위에서 첨가하며 실험하였을 때 용량 의존형으로 억제되었고, garlic oil을 60 ${\mu}g$/mL 첨가하였을 때 LDL의 산화가 거의 억제되었으며, 산화 LDL의 전기영동에 의한 이동거리도 60 ${\mu}g$/mL 농도에서 거의 억제되었다. 그리고 garlic oil은 동맥의 내피세포에서도 용량 의존형으로 억제효과를 나타내었다. 또한 garlic oil은 tocopherol, ascorbic acid 보다 약간 높은 억제효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에 따르면 garlic oil은 macrophage 및 내피세포에서 LDL의 항산화 효과가 있어 LDL의 산화 억제효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.366-371
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• 2000

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the pentagalloic acid compound in inhibiting the metal ions and cell lines that mediate in low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Pentagalloic acid prolonged the lag time preceeding the onset of conjugated diene formation. In chemically induced LDL oxidation by Cu$^2$(sup)+ plus hydrogen peroxide or peroxyl radical generated by 2, 2-azo-vis (2-amidino propane) hydrochloride (AAPH), pentagalloic acid inhibited LDL oxidation as monitored by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), malondialdehyde(MDA), and gel electrophoretic mobility. The physiological relevance of the antioxidative activity was validated at the cellular level where pentagalloic acid inhibited mouse macrophage J774 and endothelial cell-mediated LDL oxidation. When compared with several other antioxidants, pentagalloic acid showed a much higher ability than naturally occuring antioxidants, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and ascorbic acid, and the synthetic antioxidant, probucol.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.850-858
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• 1996

본 연구는 녹차를 열수로 추출하여 LDL에 대한 항산화 활성을 연구한 결과이다. 녹차 1.25 g에 열수 500 ml를 가하여 추출한 후 다시 500 ml를 가하여 재추출하였으며 이를 증발, 건조한 결과 추출액의 건물량은 4.67 mg이었다. 녹차잎의 함량이 1.25%가 되도록 조절한 녹차에는 항산화 활성이 강한 polyphenol 화합물중 (-) epicatechin gallate 54.1%, (-) epicatechin gallate 26.2%, (-) epigallocatechin 10.7%, (-) epicatechin 이 7.0% 및 catechin이 1.8% 함유되었다. Low density lipoprotein (LDL)의 산화에 있어서 LDL은 $CuSO_4$ 존재하에서 macrophage와 배양시켰더니 빠르게 산화를 일으켰다. 그러나 $5\;{\mu}M\;CuSO_4$ 매개 LDL의 산화에 50 및 $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도의 GTE를 넣어 배양하면 거의 완전히 산화를 억제하였다. $5\;{\mu}M\;CuSO_{4}$ 존재하에서 산화시킨 LDL의 전기영동 이동거리는 native LDL보다 높았다. 또 50 및 $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도의 GTE는 J774, human monocyte derived macrophags 및 vascular endothelial cells에서 유도되는 LDL의 산화를 억제하였다. $CuSO_4$ 및 cell 유도에 의하여 산화되는 LDL은 native LDL보다 더욱 많은 양이 human macrophage에 의하여 분해되고 GTE는 macrophage에 의한 $^{125}I-LDL$의 산화를 강력히 억제하였다. 그리고 GTE는 cell 매개 LDL의 macrophage에 의한 축적 또는 분해를 억제하였다. LDL을 $5\;{\mu}M\;CuSO_4$, 존재하에서 산화시킬 때 GTE를 50 및$100\;{\mu}g/ml$ 농도로 넣어 배양하면 공액 dienes의 생성이 억제되고, 또한 Oxid LDL macrophage derived human monocytes에서도 축적이 억제되었다.