• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.411-416
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• 2017

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6) is a novel human autophagy-related molecule. Here, using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry, we report that EMC6 protein is lost or reduced in glandular cells of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, compared to normal stomach mucosa. Overexpression of EMC6 in gastric cancer cells inhibited cell growth, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S-phase. Further investigation suggested that EMC6 overexpression in BGC823 human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer cells reduced tumorigenicity in a xenograft model, demonstrating that EMC6 has the characteristics of a tumor suppressor. This is the first study to show that EMC6 induces cell death in gastric cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of how EMC6 functions as a tumor suppressor needs to be further explored.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2379-2383
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate possible signal pathway involvement in multi-drug resistant P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression induced by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line stimulated with pacliaxel (TAX). Methods: The effects of TAX on SGC7901 cell growth with different doses was assessed by MTT assay, along with the effects of the COX-2 selective inhibitor NS-398 and the nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB) pathway inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Influence on COX-2, NF-KB p65 and P-gp expression was determined by Western blotting. Results: TAX, NS-398 and PDTC all reduced SGC7901 growth, with dosedependence. With increasing dose of TAX, the expression of COX-2, p65 and P-gp showed rising trends, this being reversed by NS-398. PDTC also caused decrease in expression of p65 and P-gp over time. Conclusion: COX-2 may induce the expression of P-gp in SGC7901 cell line via the NF-kappa B pathway with pacliaxel stimulation.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.167-171
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• 2005

The anticancer and apoptotic effect of chloroform extract from 24 month-fermented doenjang were investigated in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The chloroform extract of 24 month-fermented doenjang inhibited the AGS gastric cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. It has been confirmed by observing the cell distribution under inverted microscope. Approximately, 48 hour treatment of $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ doenjang extract inhibited AGS cancer cell growth by $76.7\%$, respectively. The growth inhibition may be caused by apoptosis of AGS cancer cells after 48 hour treatment of 24 month-fermented doenjang extract. It has been demonstrated by cell cycle arrest that revealed the shift from $G_2+M\;to\;G_0+G_1$ phase and the formation of apoptotic bodies. The fermentation period playa critical role in cell cycle arrest, in which 24 month-fermented doenjang extract was more effective than 12 month-fermented doenjang extract. The treatment of 24 month-fermented doenjang extract for 48 hours has induced intercellular Bax and decreased Bcl-2 level, indicating that it may regulate the expression level of Bax/Bcl-2 proteins. Thus, 24 month-fermented doenjang extract seems to have anticancer effect via cancer cell growth inhibition induced by apoptosis process.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2003

A new series of highly water soluble platinum(II) complexes[Pt(II)(DL-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate)(trans-l-1,2-dimninocyc1ohexane)] (PC-1) and [Pt(II)DL-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate](cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)](PC-2) were synthesized and characterized by their elemental analysis and by various spectroscopic techniques [infrared(IR), $^{13}C$-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)]. In vitro antitumor activity of new Pt(II)complexes was tested against MKN-45, MKN/ADM and MKN/CDDP human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines using colorimetric MTT[3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay for cell survival and proliferation. PC-1 and PC-2 showed active against MKN-45/P, MKN/ADM and MKN/CDDP human gastric cancer cell lines, and the antitumor activity of these compounds were comparable or superior to that of cisplatin. The nephrotoxicities of PC-1 and PC-2 were found quite less then that of cisplatin using MTT and [$^3H$] thymidine uptake tests in rabbit proximal tubule cells, human kidney cortical cells human renal cortical tissues. Based on these results, these novel platinum(II) complex compounds(PC-1 ＆ PC-2) represent a valuable lead in the development of the new anticancer chemotherapeutic agents capable of improving antitumor activity and low nephrotoxicity.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 2001

Human gastric adenocarcinomas are fixated with low energy of microwave (LEM) to study fixation effects in level of ultrastructure and antigenicity of the cancer. For the Ag-Ab reactions , the LEM fixated sdenocarcinomas are incorporated with monoclonal mouse anti-human p53 (IgG2b, kappa) and rabbit anti human cerbB-2. The retrieval of antigenicity are easily recognizable in the LEM fixated sections compared with that of frozen sections which show often diffused colour reactions. And the LEM fixation methods have preserved ultrastructures of the adenocarcinoma, but it was often difficult to maintain constancy in fixation effects. For the constancy, LEM was coupled with low concentration of chemical fixatives, such as glutaraldehyde (<1%) and $OsO_4$ (<0.5%). The results were acceptable, but there are tendencies that the adenocarcinoma requisitioned rather weak microwave energy to come into the optimal fixation effects. Therefore , cultured HeLa cells were fixated with lower energy of microwave than that used to the adenocarcinoma. The ultrastructures of the single HeLa cell have been preserved. The results may imply that a different energy levels of microwave are requisitioned in accordance with kinds of cells and tissues for the optimal fixation effects. It is reported and discussed that the fixation methods of LEM used in this work could be applied routinely to conceal a insufficient diffusion rate of chemical fixatives into some kinds of cancer without compromising the ultrastructures as well as to improve antigenic quality of frozen sections.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3491-3497
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• 2013

Background: Gastric and esophageal cancers are among the most lethal human malignancies worldwide. Of all malignancies estimated in Iran (47,100), gastric and esophageal cancers were responsible for 7,800 and 3,500 deaths in 2008 respectively. The present study aimed to provide an image of patho-epidemiological characteristics with their trends during two past decades with emphasis on topographic, morphologic, and some demographic features. Materials and Methods: In a hospital-based retrospective study in 2009, all pathological reports from esophageal endoscopies and gastric biopsies through a 20 years period (1989-2008) were collected and analyzed in four interval periods(five years each). Also, all eligible samples in hospital archives were enrolled for further testing. Besides, demography, topography and morphology of all samples were determined and analyzed by statistical software. Results: No significant statistical difference was seen in frequency of espohageal and gastric tumors throughout the study. Esophageal cancer cases were older than gastric. Sex ratio was 2.33/1 and men had a higher rate of both esophageal and gastric tumors. Stomach cancer included 64.3% of all cases. Inferior third and end of esophagus were common locations for esophageal tumors whereas proximal stomach was common for gastric tumors. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were common morphological types of tumors in esophagus and stomach respectively. Conclusions: Morphological trends showed an increase of esophageal adenocarcinoma and diffuse/intestinal ratio in stomach cancers. Trends in incidence from gastric cancer decreased based on topographic studies but we could not find a topographical trend toward cadia.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.372-374
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• 2001

Three simple carboxamides incorporating the phenethylamine moiety have been isolated from strain XR-NC of a symbiotic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophilus. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data and synthesis. The compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicities against human cancer-cell line, viz. the gastric adenocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.49-58
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to verify if or not as funtional food by estimating antitumor activity and antimicrobial activity of Coriolus versicolor(Fr.)Quel and Ganoderma Lucidum (Fr.)Karst. 1. The contents of moisture. crude fiber and crude protein of GL were higher $(18.28\%,\;10.3\%,\;78.4\%)$ than that of CV, but the content of crude lipid GL was higher than that of CV. 2. Inhibitory effects of on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell were increased by increasing of concentration in added methanol extracts of CV and GL. 3. Antimicrobial activity on Escherichia col1; Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium existed methanol extracts of CV. Therefore. it is suggested that CV is worth as functional food.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.167-173
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• 1997

The inhibitory effects of kale juice on the growh and DNA incorporation of human cancer cells, using HT-29 colon cancer cells, MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cells and K-562 leukemia cells, were studied. The growth of human cancer cells were inhibited in the presence of kale juice (10, 20 nd 40$\mu$l/ml) and the effects were the juice concentration- and incubation time-dependent up to 6 days. When 20$\mu$l/ml of kale juice was added to the media of HT-29, MG-63, AGS and K-562 cancer cells, the cell growth after 6 or 4 days of incubation was retarded by 83~95% of control group. Morphological changes of HT-29 colon cancer cells wre studied under inverted microscope. As the concentration of kale juice increased up to 20$\mu$l/ml, degree of cell aggregation was decreased. Moreover, the DNA incorporation o AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cells and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells which were labeled with [$^3$H] thymidine was significantly reduced after 2 days of incubation at 37$^{\circ}C$ with kale juice. Therefore, we concluded that kale juice strongly decreased the growth of various human cancer cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2006

Young radishes (YR, yeolmu in Korean) were cultivated in the soil with and without sulfur. YR-Control (without sulfur) was grown in the normal soil. YR were grown in the soil with $1,818\;g/m^3$ sulfur (YR-A) and $1,818\;g/m^3$ sulfur added lime mortar (YR-B) on it, respectively. Also, we prepared YR kimchis using YR-Control, YR-A and YR-B. The kimchis were fermented at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. The growth inhibitory effects of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells of the YR samples and kimchis were investigated. YR kimchis after $4\~5$ weeks at $5^{\circ}C$ showed higher acidity of $0.88\~1.20\%$ with pH $4.3\~4.5$ and the YR kimchis kept approximately pH 4.0 until 8 weeks. The kimchi A and B using YR-A and YR-B showed faster fermentation time, higher level of Leuconostoc sp. and lower level of Lactobacillus sp. during the fermentation, comparing to the control kimchi using YR-Control. Juices from YR-A and YR-B showed higher growth inhibitory effects of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells than the juice from YR-Control at the same concentration. The growth inhibitory effect of YR-A was similar to that of the YR-B. The kimchi A and B juices also exhibited higher inhibitory effects $(74\%)$ on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells than that of the control kimchi $(57\%)$ at the higher concentration of $20{\mu}L/assay$. Methanol extracts from the YR-kimchis also led to the similar results to the results of the juices. These results suggested that preparing of kimchi using differently cultivated YR especially in the soil with sulfur, which can help to synthesize sulfur-containing compounds, could increase the growth inhibitory effects of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.