• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.75-83
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• 2007

A model based approach of tracking the limbs of a walking human subject is proposed in this paper. The tracking process begins by building a data base composed of conditional probabilities of motions between the limbs of a walking subject. With a suitable amount of video footage from various human subjects included in the database, a probabilistic model characterizing the relationships between motions of limbs is developed. The motion tracking of a test subject begins with identifying and tracking limbs from the surveillance video image using the edge and silhouette detection methods. When occlusion occurs in any of the limbs being tracked, the approach uses the probabilistic motion model in conjunction with the minimum cost based edge and silhouette tracking model to determine the motion of the limb occluded in the image. The method has shown promising results of tracking occluded limbs in the validation tests.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.222-229
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• 2009

A noble infrared sensor was studied for passenger conditional detection in vehicle, This research relates to uncooled infrared sensors for detecting the presence, type and temperature of occupants in vehicle. It sense that the occupants purpose to control the smart airbag for safety in the case of adult or child and to control the automatic air conditioning for convenience. This paper described the design and the fabrication of microbolometers which were composed of 2 by 8 elements using the surface micromachining technology. The characteristics of the array were investigated in the spectral region of $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$. The fabricated detectors exhibited the thermal mass of $7.05{\times}10^{-9}\;J/K$, the thermal conductance of $1.03{\times}10^{-6}\;W/K$, the thermal time constant of 6.8 ms, the responsivity of $2.96{\times}10^4\;V/W$ and the detectivity of $1.01{\times}10^9\;cmHz^{1/2}/W$, at the chopper frequency of 10 Hz and the bias current of $4.4{\mu}A$. We could successfully detect the human body condition in the divided zone. As a results, we concluded that microbolometer optimized in this research could be useful for the application of passenger conditional detection in vehicle.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2019

Ultra Wideband (UWB) Radar is a high-resolution radar for short distance detection which uses signals transmitted and received by each antennas in order to detect a target. It is possible to detect the respiration and heartbeat of a person without contact It is getting more and more often utilized since it is not affected by physical environment. In this paper, we implement an algorithm to detect human respiration and heartbeat rate using UWB radar signal. We process radar signals reflected from human body using Median filter, Kalman filter, Band Pass filter and so on. We also use CZT to extract breathing and heart rate. ECG (Electrocardiogram) was used for comparison of heartbeat data and we confirm that each data of ECG and UWB Radar were more than 98% identical each other.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.39-47
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• 2010

A research of image-based articulated pose estimation has some problems such as detection of human feature, precise pose estimation, and real-time performance. In particular, various methods are currently presented for recovering many joints of human body. We propose the novel numerical inverse kinematics improved with the UKF(unscented Kalman filter) in order to estimate the human pose in real-time. An existing numerical inverse kinematics is required many iterations for solving the optimal estimation and has some problems such as the singularity of jacobian matrix and a local minima. To solve these problems, we combine the UKF as a tool for optimal state estimation with the numerical inverse kinematics. Combining the solution of the numerical inverse kinematics with the sampling based UKF provides the stability and rapid convergence to optimal estimate. In order to estimate the human pose, we extract the interesting human body using both background subtraction and skin color detection algorithm. We localize its 3D position with the camera geometry. Next, through we use the UKF based numerical inverse kinematics, we generate the intermediate joints that are not detect from the images. Proposed method complements the defect of numerical inverse kinematics such as a computational complexity and an accuracy of estimation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2000

Spraying operation is one of the most essential in an orchard management and it is also hazardous to human body. for automatic and unmanned spraying , an autonomous travelling vehicle is demanded. In this study, a telemeter was developed using infrared beam which could detect trunks and obstacles measure distance and direction from the vehicle travelling in the orchard. The telemeter system was composed of two infrared LED transmitters and receivers, a beam scanning device for continuous object detection , two rotary encoders for angle detector, and a beam level controller for uneven soil surface. The detected distance and direction signal s were sent to personal computer which made for the system display the angular and distance measurements through I/O board. According to a field test in an apple farm, the system detected up to 10m distance under 12 V of transmitted beam intensity, however, it was recommended that the proper beam transmit intensity be 7 v at the 10 m distance, because of the negative effect to human body at 12 V. The error rate of this system was 0.92 % when the actual distance was compared to measured one. The system was feasible at the small error rate. The developed telemeter system was an important part for autonomous travelling vehicle provided the real time object recognition . A direction control system could be constructed suing the system. It is expected that the system could greatly contribute to the development of autonomous farm vehicle.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.114-117
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• 2011

A thick 25 ${\mu}m$ thickness poled P(VDF/TrFE) film pyroelectric infrared ray sensor has been fabricated and then thin 1.6 ${\mu}m$ thickness P(VDF/TrFE) film pyroelectric infrared ray sensor has been fabricated also. These thick and thin P(VDF/TrFE) film pyroelectric infrared ray sensor was mounted in TO-5 housing to detect infrared light of 5.5 ~ 14 ${\mu}m$ wavelength for human body detecting with each other. The noise output voltage of the thick P(VDF/TrFE) film pyroelectric infrared ray sensor were 380 mV and NEP(noise equivalent power) is $3.95{\times}10^{-7}$ W which is the similar value with the commercial pyroelectric infrared ray sensor using ceramic materials as a sensing material. The NEP and specific detectivity $D^*$ of the thin P(VDF/TrFE) film pyroelectric infrared ray sensor were $2.13{\times}10^{-8}$ W and $9.37{\times}106$ cm/W under emission energy of 13 ${\mu}W/cm^2$ respectively. These result caused by lower thermal diffusion coefficient of a thin 1.6 ${\mu}m$ thickness PVDF/TrFE film than the thick 25 ${\mu}m$ thickness poled P(VDF/TrFE) film pyroelectric infrared ray sensor.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.130-134
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• 2018

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is considered as recent technology for the detection cancer cells in the human digestive system. WCE sends the captured information from inside the body to a sensor on the skin surface through a wireless medium. In WCE, the design of low-power consumption devices is a challenging topic. In the Shannon-Nyquist sampling theorem, the number of samples should be at least twice the highest transmission frequency to reconstruct precise signals. The number of samples is proportional to the power consumption in wireless communication. This paper proposes compressive sensing as a method to reduce power consumption in WCE, by means of a trade-off between samples and reconstruction accuracy. The proposed scheme is validated under channel constraints, expressed as the realistic human body path loss. The results show that the proposed scheme achieves a significant reduction in WCE power consumption and achieves a faster computation time with low signal error reconstruction.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.353-354
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• 2016

본 논문은 IEC 60479 표준 "인체감전의 생리학적 현상"에 제시되어 있는 인체감전 현상에 대하여 교류환경과 직류환경에서 인체임피던스의 특성을 실험을 통하여 분석한다. 연구 결과, 적어도 상용주파수 이하에서는 IEC 60479 표준에서 제시하는 인체 임피던스 모델의 수정이 필요함을 발견하였다. 또한 도출된 실험 결과를 활용하여 직류 배전시스템의 TN 접지방식에서 인체 감전 및 설비 누전에 따른 사고에 대하여 구분동작이 가능한 직류전용 누설전류 검출(DC Residual Current Detection) 기법을 제안한다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.797-807
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• 2016

The discussion in this paper aims to introduce an approach to detect drowsiness with Android based smartphones using the OpenCV platform tools. OpenCV for Android actually provides powerful tools for real-time body's parts tracking. We discuss here about the maximization of the accuracy in real-time eye tracking. Then we try to develop an approach for detecting eye blink by analyzing the structure and color variations of human eyes. Finally, we introduce a time variable to capture drowsiness.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.203-207
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• 2013

The appropriate handling of motion artifacts is essential for clinical diagnosis in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In many cases, motion is an inherent part of MR images because it is difficult to control during MR imaging. As the motion in the human body occur in a deformable manner, they are difficult to deal with. This paper proposes a novel detection method for periodically moving regions to produce MR images with less motion artifacts. When the data is acquired by the radial trajectory, the proposed method can extract the deformable region easily using the difference in the modulated sinograms, which have different periodic phase terms. The simulation results applied to the various cases confirmed the good performance of the proposed method.