• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1072-1075
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• 2005

This paper presents that TD method is applied to the human adaptive devices for smart home with context awareness (or recognition) technique. For smart home, the very important problem is how the appliances (or devices) can adapt to user. Since there are many humans to manage home appliances (or devices), managing the appliances automatically is difficult. Moreover, making the users be satisfied by the automatically managed devices is much more difficult. In order to do so, we can use several methods, fuzzy controller, neural network, reinforcement learning, etc. Though the some methods could be used, in this case (in dynamic environment), reinforcement learning is appropriate. Among some reinforcement learning methods, we select the Temporal Difference learning method as a core algorithm for adapting the devices to user. Since this paper assumes the environment is a smart home, we simply explained about the context awareness. Also, we treated with the TD method briefly and implement an example by VC++. Thereafter, we dealt with how the devices can be applied to this problem.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.750-757
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• 2012

This paper focuses on human adaptive HVAC system that can regulate the thermal comfort of the resident in intelligent buildings. The thermal comfort is represented in this paper by PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) as defined by ISO 7730. This PMV value indicates how hot or cold a resident feels by considering temperature, humidity, resident's metabolic rate, relative air velocity, and clothing insulation. In order to develop such a system, a location detection system based on ZigBee module was used along with temperature sensors, other environment sensors. The human adaptive HVAC system was evaluated experimentally on a test bed emulating a room.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1759-1764
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• 2005

Human Adaptive Mechatronics(HAM) is a new concept which was proposed in our university's research project sponsored by Japanese Ministry of Education, Sports, Culture, Science and Technology(MEXT), and is defined as "intelligent mechanical systems that adapt themselves to the user's skill under various environments, assist to improve the user's skill, and assist the human-machine system to achieve best performance". In this paper, the concept and key-items of HAM are mentioned. And the control strategy to realize a HAM human-machine system is explained in the case of physical-interface system, i.e. haptic system. The proposed assist-control of a force-feedback type haptic system includes online estimation of a operator's control characteristics, and a `force assist' function implemented as a change in the support ratio according to the identified skill level. We developed a HAM-haptic device test system, executed evaluation experiments with this apparatus, and analyzed the measured data. It was confirmed that the operator's skill could be estimated and that operator's performance was enhanced by the assist-control.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.637-646
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop the adaptive device for severe physical disabilities using smart device in the driving simulator and its performance evaluation. Development of appropriate driving adaptive device for the people with serious physical limitation could contribute to maintain their community mobility. Background: There is lack of adaptive driving devices for the people with disabilities in Korea. However, if smart device systems like iPod and iPhone are used for driving a car, the people with serious physical limitations can improve their community mobility. Method: Both gyroscope and accelerometer from iPod were used to measure the tilted angle of the smart device for driving. Customized Labview program was also used to control three axis motors for steering wheel, accelerator and brake pedals. Thirteen subjects were involved in the experiment for performance evaluation of smart device in simulator. Five subjects had driver licenses. Another four subjects did not have driver licenses. Others were people with disabilities. Results: Average driving score of the normal group with driver license in the simulator increased 46.6% compared with the normal group without driver license and increased 30.4% compared with the disabled group(p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the average driving score between normal group without driver license and disabled group(p>0.05). Conclusion: The normal group with driver license showed significantly higher driving score than other groups. The normal group without driver license and disabled group could improve their driving skills with training in simulator. Application: If follow-up studies would be continued and applied in adapted vehicle for on road environment, many people with more severe disabilities could drive and improve the quality of life.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2016

Many implantable hearing aids are being developed as alternatives to conventional hearing aids which has inconveniences for use and social stigma that make hearing-impaired people avoid to wear it. Particularly, the fully-implantable middle ear hearing devices (F-IMEHD) are being actively studied for mixed or sensorineural hearing impaired people. In development of F-IMEHD, the most difficult problem is improving the performance of implantable microphone. Recently, Cho et al. have studied the tympanic membrane installed microphone which has better sensitivity and is easier to operate on patient than the microphone implanted under the skin. But, it may cause howling problem due to the feedback signal via oval window and ossicle chain from the transducer on round window in the middle ear cavity, therefore, a feedback canceller is necessary. In this paper, we designed NLMS (normalized least mean square) adaptive feedback canceller for F-IMEHD with tympanic membrane installed microphone and a transducer implemented at round window, and computer simulation was performed to verify its operation. The designed adaptive feedback canceller has a delay filter, a 64 point FIR fixed filter and a 8-tap adaptive FIR filter. Computer simulation of the feedback path is modeled by using the data obtained through human cadaver experiment.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.429-441
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• 2002

본 논문은 실시간으로 3차원 공간상에서의 움직임 정보를 추출할 수 있는 입력 장치를 제안한다. 제안하는 3차원 입력 장치는 스테레오 카메라의 기하학적 구조와 색상, 움직임, 형태상의 특성을 이용하여 복잡한 환경에서 사전 카메라 캘리브레이션 없이 3차원 움직임 정보를 추출할 수 있다. 움직임 추출을 위해서 perspepctive projection 행렬과 perspective distortion 행렬을 이용한 스테레오 카메라의 기하학적 특성을 이용하며, 효과적인 좌우 영상의 특징점 추적 및 추출을 위해 색상 변환(Color transform)과 UPC(Unmatched Pixel Count) 및 이산 칼만 필터(Discrete Kalman Filter)의 효과적인 결합으로 이루어진 MAWUPC(Motion Adaptive Weighted Pixel Count)과 PCA(Principal Component Analysis)로 구성된 알고리즘을 제안한다. 추출된 3차원 공간상에서의 움직임은 가상환경에서의 가상 물체를 제어하거나 사용자 시점의 이동을 나타내는 인터페이스로 사용한다. 스테레오 비전을 이용한 입력 장치는 선으로 연결되지 않기 때문에 사용자가 가상환경에서 작업하기가 편리하며 몰입감을 높일 수 있는 등 보다 효율적인 상호작용을 가능하게 해준다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2006

Selective ground relays (SGRs) are useful fur distinguishing a faulted feeder from the sound feeders in ungrounded systems. However, they sometimes mis-operate due to human or device errors. Particularly, the reversed polarity of zero-sequence current transducers (ZCTs) is the most frequent cause of mis-operation. This paper presents a modified SGR for reducing the probability of mis-operations caused by the reversed polarity of ZCTs. The modification is achieved by introducing an adaptive time delay, which depends on the magnitude of the zero-sequence current and the phase angle deviation from the reference. The modified SGR was successfully demonstrated on a sample ungrounded system without mis-operation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.55-58
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• 1998

Recently, neural networks with self-adaptability like human brain have attracted much attention. It is desirable for the neuron-function to be implemented by exclusive hardware system on account of huge quantity in calculation. We have proposed a novel neuro-device composed of a MFSFET(ferroelectric gate FET) and oscillation circuit with CUJT(complimentary unijuction transistor) and PUT(programmable unijuction transistor). However, it is difficult to preserve ferroelectricity on Si due to existence of interfacial traps and/or interdiffusion of the constitutent elements, although there are a few reports on good MFS devices. In this paper, we have simulated CUJT and PUT devices instead of fabricating them and composed oscillation circuit. Finally, we have resented, as an approach to the MFSFET neuron circuit, adaptive learning function and characterized the elementary operation properties of the pulse oscillation circuit.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.3041-3043
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• 2000

GUI(graphical user interface) has been the dominant platform for HCI(human computer interaction). The GUI-based style of interaction has made computers simpler and easier to use. However GUI will not easily support the range of interaction necessary to meet users' needs that are natural, intuitive, and adaptive. In this paper we study an approach to track a hand in an image sequence and recognize it, in each video frame for replacing the mouse as a pointing device to virtual reality. An algorithm for real time processing is proposed by estimating of the position of the hand and segmentation, considering the orientation of motion and color distribution of hand region.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1745-1748
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• 2005

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used to monitor brain activation by measuring changes in the concentration of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb) by their different spectra in the near-infrared range. Because NIRS is a noninvasive, highly flexible and portable device, it is very suitable to study brain activation when a human repeatedly performs a manipulative task, and possibly provides useful information to construct human adaptive mechatronics (HAM). There is some evidence that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a major role in working memory and it is proposed that the use of working memory decreases as a human develops manipulative skills. In the present study, we investigated the activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of the brain in Brodmann's areas 9 and 46 in drawing tasks to examine whether NIRS can measure the changes of DLPFC activation as a human develops manipulative skills. Subjects performed a mirror image drawing task and a square drawing task by ones' left hands. In the mirror image task the subject drew following a star shape based on a mirror image of it, but square drawing did not involve mirror image and was estimated to be simpler. The changes of the concentration of oxy-Hb was higher in the mirror image drawing than the square drawing in most subjects. The changes of oxy-Hb decreased as the subject repeated the drawing task in most subjects. In conclusion, The activation of DLPFC measured by NIRS can reflect the brain activity in the development of manipulative skills.