• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.96-106
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• 2018

정부는 낮은 경제성장률을 극복하기 위해 부동산 활성화정책을 도입하였다. 정부가 추진한 부동산 활성화정책은 규제를 낮춰 대출한도를 높였고, 기준금리도 인하하여 부동산 투자비용을 절감시켰다. 부동산투자를 활성화하기 위해 다주택자에게 양도세 부과를 유예하고, 전매제한도 해지시켰다. 부동산규제 완화는 주택매매 증가와 가격상승으로 이어졌고, 분양아파트는 단기간에 분양이 완료되어 프리미엄이 형성되는 등 부동산시장이 과열양상으로 전환되었다. 이러한 시장분위기는 본인의 소득이 아닌 금융권 '부채의존형'으로 주택을 소유하게 되어 가계대출이 크게 증가되었다. 2017년부터는 가계대출 축소를 위해 부동산대책이 강화되었고, 기준금리도 상승하여 대출 금리도 높아진 만큼, 가계부채 부담은 더욱 증가될 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구논문은 가계부채의 발생 원인과 문제점을 분석하여 금융감독원이 금융권을 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 방안을 제안하고자 한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2017

Catastrophic healthcare expenditure refers to out-of-pocket spending for healthcare exceeding a certain proportion of a household's income and can lead to subsequent impoverishment. The aim of this study was to investigate the proportion of South Korean households that experienced catastrophic healthcare expenditure between 2006 and 2015 using available data from the Korea Health Panel, National Survey of Tax and Benefit, and Household Income and Expenditure Survey. Frequencies and trend tests were conducted to analyze the proportion of households with catastrophic healthcare expenditure. Subgroup analysis was performed based on income level. The results of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey revealed that around 2.88% of households experienced catastrophic healthcare expenditure in 2015 and that this proportion was highest in the low income group. Results also showed a statistically significant increasing trend in the number of households with catastrophic healthcare expenditure (annual percentage change= 0.92%, p-value < 0.0001). Therefore, the findings infer a need to strengthen public health care financing and to particularly monitor catastrophic healthcare expenditure in the low income group.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.89-112
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• 2014

본고는 사회적 형평성과 효율성의 관점에서 직접지원(grant)과 소득연계상환식 학자금융자(ICL)를 결합한 정부의 바람직한 대학교육 지원체계를 이론적으로 제시한다. 교육투자 위험이 큰 경우에는 소득연계상환식 학자금 융자(ICL)가 일반적 학자금 융자에 비해 지원 수혜자의 초기 소득과 관계없이 바람직함을 보인다. 그리고 그 조달 방식이나 운영에 있어서는 민간 자본시장을 통해 위험 프리미엄을 포함하는 대출이자로 조달하는 것보다는 정부에 의한 조세조달 방식이 적정함을 주장한다. 현행 학자금 융자제도가 ICL을 초기 소득 수준별로 선별적으로만 도입하고 있어 개선이 필요하다는 점과 ICL의 현행 조세조달 방식을 정당화하고 있다는 점에서 본고는 일정부분 정책적 함의를 갖는다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.397-407
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• 2022

The informal economy is a large part of the urban economy. The informal economy accounts for about half of Pakistan's GDP. This research examined nine different areas of Rawalpindi's Central Business District's business sector (CBD). A survey of 404 respondents from 16 CBD marketplaces enables a comprehensive examination of who works in the informal and formal economic sectors, how much they earn, their goals, perception of their job, and their degree of similarity to the rest of the working population. Furthermore, the statistics illustrate the pro-cyclical connections between the informal economic sector and the formal economy. The Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) technique is used for the analysis. The MLR results indicated the informal economic sector holds positive relation with earning members in a family, business expertise, average business sale, and negative relation with education level, satisfaction with government tax policies, household expense, and average investment in the business. From a resilience standpoint, governance is considered an intentional collective action to preserve a stable system condition. Hence, the current study recommends tax reforms and government institution reorganization to mobilize the informal sector and make effective institutional governance.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.2377-2398
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• 2021

In the recent modernized world, utilization of natural resources (renewable & non-renewable) is increasing drastically due to the sophisticated life style of the people. The over-consumption of non-renewable resources causes pollution which leads to global warming. Consequently, government agencies have been taking several initiatives to control the over-consumption of non-renewable natural resources and encourage the production of renewable energy resources. In this regard, we introduce an IoT powered integrated framework called as green home architecture (GHA) for green score calculation based on the usage of natural resources for household purpose. Green score is a credit point (i.e.,10 pts) of a family which can be calculated once in a month based on the utilization of energy, production of renewable energy and pollution caused. The green score can be improved by reducing the consumption of energy, generation of renewable energy and preventing the pollution. The main objective of GHA is to monitor the day-to-day usage of resources and calculate the green score using the proposed green score algorithm. This algorithm gives positive credits for economic consumption of resources and production of renewable energy and also it gives negative credits for pollution caused. Here, we recommend a green score based tax calculation system which gives tax exemption based on the green score value. This direct beneficiary model will appreciate and encourage the citizens to consume fewer natural resources and prevent pollution. Rather than simply giving subsidy, this proposed system allows monitoring the subsidy scheme periodically and encourages the proper working system with tax exemption rewards. Also, our GHA will be used to monitor all the household appliances, vehicles, wind mills, electricity meter, water re-treatment plant, pollution level to read the consumption/production in appropriate units by using the suitable sensors. These values will be stored in mass storage platform like cloud for the calculation of green score and also employed for billing purpose by the government agencies. This integrated platform can replace the manual billing and directly benefits the government.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.1-59
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• 2018

근로장려세제는 저소득가구의 근로를 장려하고 실질소득을 지원하는 근로 연계형 소득지원제도이다. 따라서 노동시장의 밖에 있는 저소득가구를 얼마나 노동시장으로 유인했는지가 근로장려세제의 평가에 있어서 가장 핵심적인 질문이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 2008년 시행 이후 여러 차례 세법개정에 따라 근로장려세제의 수급자격요건과 급여체계가 바뀌어 왔다는 점을 이용하여 근로장려세제의 노동공급 효과를 추정하고자 한다. 한국복지패널, 가계금융복지조사, 한국노동패널, 재정패널 자료를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 통계적으로 유의하면서 긍정적인 효과와 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 효과가 혼재되어 나타났다. 한편 2013년까지로 분석기간을 한정했을 때 긍정적 효과가 좀 더 크게 나타났는데, 사업소득자와 기초생활수급자의 수급자격을 인정한 이후에 효과성이 낮아진 것인가에 대해서는 후속연구가 필요하다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.123-148
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• 2012

The main objective of this study was to investigate how people prepare for old age by looking at financial statements from single-person households in Gyeonggi province; the policy implications regarding low fertility and population aging are considered. The subjects were members of 600 households who were aged 26 to 44 years old and not married. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and dichotomous logistic regression using SPSS WIN 12.0. Respondents pointed out that financial problems are the greatest challenges for those facing old age in single-person households; they said that a stable job is the most important factor for secure living. About 57% of household residents responded that they have prepared for retirement, and a majority of them said they hoped to spend their elderly years with a marriage partner. The financial statements from single-person households were inferior to those from other types of households. The assets of single-person household members were less than those of other households. Only 10.5% of respondents have owned homes. The study discusses policy implications for those who want marriage and for those who don't want it. For those who want marriage, job-seeking support was proposed, and for the others, tax deductions and family programs for single-person households were proposed.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2022

Catastrophic healthcare expenditure refers to out-of-pocket spending for healthcare exceeding a certain proportion of a household's income and can lead to subsequent impoverishment. The aim of this study was to investigate the proportion of South Korean households that experienced catastrophic healthcare expenditure between 2006 and 2020 using available data from the National Survey of Tax and Benefit (NaSTaB), Korea Health Panel (KHP), and Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES). Trend test was used to analyze the proportion of household with catastrophic healthcare expenditure. In the NaSTaB 2020 data, households who experienced catastrophic health expenditure was 1.73%. Trend analysis was significant with the decreasing trend (annual percentage change [APC], -5.55; p<0.0001) in the proportion of households with the catastrophic health expenditure. Also, in the 2018 KHP and the 2016 HIES, households who experienced catastrophic health expenditure was 2.21% and 2.92% respectively. In contrast, the trend was significantly increased in the KHP (APC, 0.55; p<0.0001) and the HIES (APC, 1.43; p<0.0001). Therefore, the findings suggest the need to strengthen public health care financial support and monitor catastrophic healthcare expenditures, especially for low-income group.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2012

가구의 지속적인 승용차 보유 증가로 인한 승용차 이용 증대는 교통부문에서의 온실가스 감축 목표 달성에 큰 장애요인으로 작용하고 있다. 특히 가구의 승용차 통행수요는 가구원수, 가구소득, 거주지역 등 다양한 가구특성에 의해 결정되기 때문에 이러한 가구특성 변수들이 승용차 통행수요에 미치는 영향, 즉, 가구의 승용차 통행수요에 대한 탄력성 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 1995부터 2007년까지의 가계동향조사 자료를 활용하여 가상패널자료를 구축하고, 이 자료를 토대로 패널모형을 추정하여 가구의 승용차 통행수요에 대한 장 단기 가격 및 소득탄력성을 추정하였다. 실증분석결과, 승용차 통행수요의 단기 가격탄력성은 0.2974~0.4280, 장기 가격탄력성은 0.4087~0.6275로 분석되었고, 단기 소득탄력성은 0.3364~0.6281, 장기 소득탄력성은 0.7098로 분석되었다. 본 연구에서 도출된 승용차 통행수요에 대한 장 단기 가격 및 소득탄력성 추정결과는 향후 교통수요관리 정책의 효과를 분석하는 데 정량적 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 기술사
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2011

The fuel cell, a renewable energy facility, hasn t come into wide use to the public. However, the usefulness of it is so high through Supply Business called Green Home, general auxiliary Supply Business, obligation to supply renewable energy for public organizations, Building Certification System and compulsory quota of using renewable energy to power generating businesses, etc. Intial installation was supported by government and a local autonomous entities in case of home fuel cell. Cost-benefits of installing it in home are approximately from $1,000 to $2,500. As Korea applies a progressive tax scheme in home electricity, energy costs are associated with electricity consumption. We should contemplate ways to make effective use of additional waste heat because technology of fuel cell is kind of a cogeneration.