• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.498-502
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• 1991

The relationships between the textural properties of cooked rice and hot water-solubles of rice or rice flour were studied. The amounts of solubles or soluble amylose among japonica varieties were similar, but those among Tongil type varieties were different. At the same heating conditions, japonica varieties showed higher contents of solubles as well as soluble amylose than Tongil varieties. The solubles and soluble amylose from rice or rice flour showed a negative correlation with hardness but a positive correlation with adhesivess of rice cooked with optimum water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Near InfraRed Spectroscopy(NIRS) is a quick and accurate analytical method to measure multiple components in tobacco manufacturing process. This study was carried out to develop calibration equation of near infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of the amount of chemical components and hot water solubles(HWS) of reconstituted tobacco leaf. Calibration samples of reconstituted tobacco leaf were collected from every lot produced during one year. The calibration equation was formulated as modified partial least square regression method (MPLS) by analyzing laboratory actual values and mathematically pre-treated spectra. The accuracy of the acquired equation was confirmed with the standard error of prediction(SEP) of chemical components in reconstituted tobacco leaf samples, indicated as coefficient of determination($R^2$) and prediction error of sample unacquainted, followed by the verification of model equation of laboratory actual values and these predicted results. As a result of monitoring, the standard error of prediction(SEP) were 0.25 % for total sugar, 0.03 % for nicotine, 0.03 % for chlorine, 0.16 % for nitrate, and 0.38 % for hot water solubles. The coefficient of determination($R^2$) were 0.98 for total sugar, 0.97 for nicotine, 0.96 for chlorine, 0.98 for nitrate and 0.92 for hot water solubles. Therefore, the NIRS calibration equation can be applicable and reliable for determination of chemical components of reconstituted tobacco leaf, and NIRS analytical method could be used as a rapid and accurate quality control method.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.343-345
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• 2002

The study was investigated hot-water soluble on waxy black and waxy rice flours according to gelatinization temperatures and heating time. The hot-water soluble contents of both samples were increased during heating time at $90^{\circ}C$. The waxy black and waxy rice flours solutions according to gelatinization temperatures ($80^{\circ}C,\;90^{\circ}C,\;95^{\circ}C\;and\;98^{\circ}C$) were heated for 10, 20 and 30 min. Determination of elution patterns of rice flours was used by Sepharose CL-2B column. As a result, the elution patterns were eluted the most in void volume ($V_0$) and the elution patterns of the hot-water solubles were increased according to heating time and gelatinization temperatures.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.502-508
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• 1998

The characteristics of hydration and hot-water solublilization of milled rice during cooking were investigated using Korean rice [3 varieties of Japonica type and 3 varieties of Tongil type (Japonica-Indica breeding type)]. The water uptake rate constants of Japonica type varieties during cooking were later than those of Tongil type varieties. The contents of solubles and soluble amylose among Japonica type varieties during cooking were similar, but those among Tongil type varieties were different. At the same cooking conditions, Japonica type varieties showed higher contents and leaching rate constants of solubles as well as soluble amylose than Tongil type varieties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2006

The pulping process in a papermaking process for a reconstituted tobacco sheet (RECON) was evaluated. For the practical information, the experiments were conducted in a real mill. Two pulping conditions were chosen and changed depending on the feasibility, such as the pulping temperature and the properties of pulping water. The higher pulping temperature resulted in the easier dissolution of solubles from the raw materials. However, the efficiency of screw press process was decreased by the higher pulping temperature, which resulted in the reduction of the HWS and the concentration in the #1 screw press filtrate. The addition of SEL(Strong extracted liquor) to pulper affected the efficiency of dissolution and the final concentration of #1 screw press filtrate. Although the higher SEL resulted in the less dissolution of the solubles from the raw materials, the concentration of the #1 screw press filtrate was greatly increased by the higher addition of SEL, which could provide much better efficiency to the following evaporation process of the filtrate and could increase the whole productivity.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.71-75
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• 2009

Cotton waste is usually used for cultivating agaric mushroom after outdoor fermentation for a few months. Electron beam was used to break down the polymer chaims of cotton waste for increasing low molecular weight soluble sugars, which may enhance the agaric mushroom cultivation. By increasing electron beam radiation, alpha cellulose content of the cotton waste was decreased while beta cellulose content and hot water solubles were increased. Electron beam radiation over 240 kGy on cotton waste caused significant increase of mushroom yield without lowering mushroom quality.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.58-64
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• 2004

For the utilization of chestnut inner bark as forest biomass, the diethyl ether solubles of hot water extract from chestnut inner bark was analyzed by HPLC. Each peak was identified by comparing with retention time of standard regents and their purity from obtained UV spectrum by RI detector. Identified 6 compounds were gallic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid and protocatecualdehyde as phenolic acids and aldehyde, and catechin and epicatechin as flavonoids.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.137-143
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• 2010

Objectives : The present study was conducted to examine the effect of Cudraniae Tricuspidatae Radix(CTR), which is the radix part of Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau, on cytokine secretion from the joint cells and spleen cells of mice with arthritis induced by collagen and verify its efficacy against rheumatoid arthritis. Methods : Three kinds of extract were prepared from CTR through extraction with hot-water and ethanol. The levels of cytokine secreted from the cells were measured, after the mice knee joint cells were cultured with each extract. Results : The three kinds of extracts from CTR decreased the growth rate and levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and TNF-${\alpha}$ from knee joint cells of mice. All of the organic-soluble fraction, such as hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol, and residual water-soluble fraction decreased the levels of IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, and IL-10. Conclusion : These results suggest that CTR had some effects on rheumatitis, with fat and water-solubles in organic solvent considered as the effective element.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6 s.134
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

For the utilization of chestnut inner bark as forest biomass, this studies have been carried out cleary investigated about phenolic compounds from the diethyl ether solubles and ethyl acetate solubles of hot water extract from chestnut inner bark. 3 compound were isolated and their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. They were known compounds, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydrixybenzoic acid and catechin. Electron donating ability (EDA) of 3 compounds were investigated. Gallic acid and catechin were found to higher EDA than control, ascorbic acid and $\alpha$-tocopherol in 10 ppm, and especially gallic acid has very higher EDA, 21 times than ascorbic acid. This gallic acid of chemical structure were substituted with free phenolic hydroxyl groups at meta and para position. It was supposed that phenolic hydroxyl groups in chemical structure was a EDA factor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 1997

To confirm the possibility of seaweed extracts for functional food, water or ethyl alcohol solubles were extracted from laver, Porphyra yezoensis and evaluated those food components such as proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, taurine, pigments and browning extent. The amount of proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids extracted decreased with increasing ethyl alcohol concentration, which was maximal when water was used as extraction solvent. The extractability of proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids was different between the dried and the roasted laver. Taurine was extracted about 1% from the dried and the roasted laver in the range of o~7o% ethyl alcohol concentration. The amount of carotenoids extracted by 95% ethyl alcohol from the dried and the roasted laver were 146.6 and 138.4mg%, respectively, which was 66 ~ 80% of yield extracted by methanol/acetone(1/1) solvent. The browning value of 50 ~6o% ethyl alcohol extraction group from roasted laver was highest among water/ethyl alcohol extraction group. The extraction yield was maximum when laver was extracted with water, and the value was 26.3% for the dried laver and 27.5% for the roasted layer. Organoleptic characteristics from four kinds of extraction groups containing hot water extraction showed that extracts from the roasted laver were evaluated most eminent and thought to be applicable to various preparation of food.