• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제42권
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• pp.4.1-4.4
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• 2020

Background: Odontogenic cysts associated with lower third molar are common. The prognosis for surgical treatment is relatively good. However, postoperative infection discourages the clinicians. Hence, we would like to investigate the factors associated with infection after surgical treatment of cysts associated with the mandibular third molar. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical and radiographic records of 81 patients who were diagnosed with dentigerous cyst or odontogenic keratocyst and underwent cyst enucleation. The factors affecting postoperative infection were divided into host factor, treatment factor, and cystic lesion factor. To identify the factors associated with postoperative infection, we attempted to find out the variables with significant differences between the groups with and without infection. Results: A total of 81 patients (64 male and 17 female) were enrolled in this study. There was no statistical relationship about the postoperative infection between all variables (gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, age, bone grafting, related tooth extraction, previous marsupialization or decompression, type of antibiotics, cortical perforation associated with cystic lesion, preoperative infection, preoperative cyst size). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that it is not necessary to avoid bone grafts that are concerned about postoperative infection.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.342-355
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• 2021

The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family (MiT family) proteins are evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that perform many essential biological functions. In mammals, the MiT family consists of MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor or melanocyte-inducing transcription factor), TFEB (transcription factor EB), TFE3 (transcription factor E3), and TFEC (transcription factor EC). These transcriptional factors belong to the basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) transcription factor family and bind the E-box DNA motifs in the promoter regions of target genes to enhance transcription. The best studied functions of MiT proteins include lysosome biogenesis and autophagy induction. In addition, they modulate cellular metabolism, mitochondria dynamics, and various stress responses. The control of nuclear localization via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation serves as the primary regulatory mechanism for MiT family proteins, and several kinases and phosphatases have been identified to directly determine the transcriptional activities of MiT proteins. In different immune cell types, each MiT family member is shown to play distinct or redundant roles and we expect that there is far more to learn about their functions and regulatory mechanisms in host defense and inflammatory responses.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.845-848
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• 2005

Technology transfer (TT) has been defined as the shared responsibility between the source and the destination for ensuring that technology is accepted and at least understood by someone with the knowledge and resources to apply and/or use the technology. The adoption of TT in construction industries is necessary for economic growth to occur in developing countries such as Thailand. This process should provide numerous benefits for the host sector in areas such as increased productivity, enhancement of product quality, cost savings, improvements in market share and entry to new markets. However, there are many factors, which may impact on the TT process and its subsequent outcomes for Thai construction firms and individuals, including, the transfer environment, learning environment, transferor characteristics and transferee characteristics. The performance and interaction of these enablers will influence the degree of value added to the local construction sectors in areas such as economic advancement, knowledge advancement and project performance. This paper presents a conceptual framework for international TT that accommodates the numerous factors believed to impact on the processes effectiveness. Through a Pilot Study, where 27 industry professionals from Thailand were interviewed, the significant factors which impact on the TT process have been identified along with the strength of interrelationship between individual and groups of factors. Future research seeks to target a greater sample of respondents with the view to validate the conceptual model and apply it on a number of large Thai projects where international TT was incorporated into the project agreement.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.459-469
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• 2014

Entamoeba histolytica is a tissue-invasive protozoan parasite causing dysentery in humans. During infection of colonic tissues, amoebic trophozoites are able to kill host cells via apoptosis or necrosis, both of which trigger IL-8-mediated acute inflammatory responses. However, the signaling pathways involved in host cell death induced by E. histolytica have not yet been fully defined. In this study, we examined whether calpain plays a role in the cleavage of pro-survival transcription factors during cell death of colonic epithelial cells, induced by live E. histolytica trophozoites. Incubation with amoebic trophozoites induced activation of m-calpain in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, incubation with amoebae resulted in marked degradation of STAT proteins (STAT3 and STAT5) and NF-${\kappa}B$ (p65) in Caco-2 cells. However, $I{\kappa}B$, an inhibitor of NF-${\kappa}B$, was not cleaved in Caco-2 cells following adherence of E. histolytica. Entamoeba-induced cleavage of STAT proteins and NF-${\kappa}B$ was partially inhibited by pretreatment of cells with a cell-permeable calpain inhibitor, calpeptin. In contrast, E. histolytica did not induce cleavage of caspase-3 in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, pretreatment of Caco-2 cells with a calpain inhibitor, calpeptin (but not the pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk) or m-calpain siRNA partially reduced Entamoeba-induced DNA fragmentation in Caco-2 cells. These results suggest that calpain plays an important role in E. histolytica-induced degradation of NF-${\kappa}B$ and STATs in colonic epithelial cells, which ultimately accelerates cell death.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.457-463
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• 2015

The pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma, a special subtype of lymphoma that is invasive and indolent and has a median survival of 3 to 4 years, is still partially unexplained. Much research about genes and miRNAs has been conducted in recent years, but interactions and regulatory relations of genetic elements which may play a vital role in genesis of MCL have attracted only limited attention. The present study concentrated on regulatory relations about genes and miRNAs contributing to MCL pathogenesis. Numerous experimentally validated raw data were organized into three topology networks, comprising differentially expressed, associated and global examples. Comparison of similarities and dissimilarities of the three regulating networks, paired with the analysis of the interactions between pairs of elements in every network, revealed that the differentially expressed network illuminated the carcinogenicity mechanism of MCL and the related network further described the regulatory relations involved, including prevention, diagnosis, development and therapy. Three kinds of regulatory relations for host genes including miRNAs, miRNAs targeting genes and genes regulating miRNAs were concluded macroscopically. Regulation of the differentially expressed miRNAs was also analyzed, in terms of abnormal gene expression affecting the MCL pathogenesis. Special regulatory relations were uncovered. For example, auto-regulatory loops were found in the three topology networks, key pathways of the nodes being highlighted. The present study focused on a novel point of view revealing important influencing factors for MCL pathogenesis.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2004

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects more than half of the people in the world as a major microbe to cause most of gastric diseases. Recently, cytotoxin associated-antigen A (CagA) is believed as one of the most important virulence factors of H. pylori. Molecular toxicological pathway of CagA is necessary to investigate for understanding the pathological and toxicological aspects of H. pylori, since this virulence protein harasses intercellular processes of host cells to get profit for the survival of H. pylori. CagA is coded from cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) and translocated into host cells by Type 4 secretion system (TFSS). Tyrosine phosphorylation of CagA targets Src homology 2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2) to form a CagA-SHP-2 complex. This complex depends on the similarity of sequence between EPIYA motif and Src homology 2 domain (SH2 domain) of CagA. The generation of growth factors is an essential role of CagA in protecting and healing gastric mucosa for the survival of H. pylori. On the other hand, the activation of IL-8 by CagA induces neutrophils generating inflammation and free radicals. Indeed, free radicals are well known carcinogen to induce DNA damage. In addition, the transduction of mitogen-activation signal by CagA is one of the interesting features to understand how to cause cancer. The relationship between cancer and inflammation with CagA was mainly discussed in this review.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2012

With the globalisation of the world's economies and the increasing role of multinational corporations in the generation of knowledge, global research and development (R&D) activities in emerging countries are following a new trend. This paper describes case studies of two large companies and discussion of the motives (demand vs. supply) and tasks (demand-driven vs. supply-driven) of R&D activities outside their home country. This work is based on an analysis of four overseas R&D units of two Korean ICT companies - here, ICT refers to goods and services in the information technology and communication technology fields - in India and China. The research findings are as follows: (1) The overseas R&D activities of Korean ICT enterprises in emerging countries may be driven by a combination of demand and supply factors of host countries; and (2) Korean overseas R&D centres in emerging countries may need to carry out both demand- and supply-driven tasks in view of the overlap between demand and supply factors of the host countries. Based on the results of this research, the following policy implications can be drawn for encouraging more effective overseas R&D activities of Korean enterprises in emerging countries. First, the government needs to expand the support systems so that enterprises can manage local R&D centres more effectively and actively use the variety of local support systems and useful information. Second, the government needs to expand the support systems so that the overseas R&D centres of Korean enterprises revitalise collaborations with locally excellent universities and research institutions.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.311-330
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• 2021

청송 신성리 공룡발자국 화석지에는 최소한 수각류 보행렬 11개, 용각류 보행렬 3개 및 조각류 보행렬 1개 이상 존재하여, 국내 다른 공룡발자국 화석지에 비해 수각류 보행렬의 밀집도가 높다. 공룡발자국의 모암은 미사암과 이암의 암상을 보이나 전체적으로 열변질을 받아 혼펠스화되어 있다. 이 화석지의 표면에는 다양한 방향의 절리가 나타나며 미세균열과 박락을 제외하면 모든 손상요인에서 낮은 점유율을 보였다. 초음파 속도 측정 결과, 화석지의 암석은 비교적 건전한 물성을 보여 안정적인 것으로 평가되었다. 공룡발자국 화석의 손상형태에 따라 보존처리 유형을 세분하면, 균열의 진전을 제어할 수 있는 강화처리가 필요한 발자국화석이 절반 이상의 비율을 보였다. 또한 발자국의 가시화를 위해 도포한 흰색 페인트가 열화되면서 암편 탈락을 유발하여 오히려 화석의 손상을 촉진하는 것으로 나타나, 이를 대체할 방안이 검토되어야 할 것이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.959-969
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• 2022

이 연구는 라이브커머스의 품질요인이 고객의 구매의도에 미치는 영향과, 그 관계에 있어서 고객관여도의 조절효과에 대해 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구를 위해 라이브커머스를 사용하는 대학생 및 일반인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 데이터분석을 위해 신뢰도분석, 요인분석, 분산분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 라이브커머스의 품질요인은 콘텐츠, 시스템, 서비스, 쇼호스트 특성으로 구분하였으며, 고객관여도는 상품관여도와 서비스관여도로 나누어 분석하였다. 연구결과 각 품질요인은 모두 고객의 구매의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 한편 고객의 상품관여도는 콘텐츠 및 시스템 품질에, 서비스관여도는 서비스 및 쇼호스트 특성에 유의적인 조절효과가 있었으며, 각 품질요인이 구매의도에 미치는 정도는 고객관여도가 높을수록 더 높게 나타났다. 본 연구는 라이브커머스의 품질요소와 구매의도간의 관계에서 고객관여도가 어떤 조절효과가 있는지 학술적인 성과를 추가하였고, 라이브커머스에서 고객의 구매를 유도하기 위해 개별 고객의 상품관여도 및 서비스관여도 정도를 고려하여 맟춤식 지원을 해야 한다는 실무적 시사점을 제공한다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2021

목적: 소아 요골 원위부 골절은 가장 흔한 골절이면서 불안정 골절의 경우 정복 후에도 재전위 위험성이 높아 주의가 요망된다. 이러한 재전위에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대하여 평가해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2011년 2월부터 2018년 6월까지 완전 전위된 소아 요골 원위부 불안정 골절로 본원 외래에서 보존적 치료한 6세에서 14세까지의 환자들을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 하였다. 전체 대상 환자 44예 중 재전위된 환자들에서 연령, 성별, 석고 지표, 간격 지표, 3점 고정 지표, 골절면 경사도, 관절면에서 골절선까지 거리를 환산한 골절 높이 비, 요골-제2 중수골 각도 등을 측정하여 마지막 골유합 상태에서 남은 각형성의 정도로 결과를 평가하여 비교를 하였다. 결과: 평균 9.2도(0-32.8도) 각형성이 남았으며 범주 내의 결과를 기준으로 하여 10도 미만이 29예, 10도 이상이 15예로 확인되었다. 정복 후 재전위가 발생한 군과 대조군 사이에 평가된 요소들 중 석고 지표들은 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 연령, 성별에서도 군 간에 차이가 없었고, 골절면 경사도, 요골-제2 중수골 각도도 차이가 없었다. 관절면에서 골절선까지의 거리를 환산한 골절 높이 비가 가장 의미 있는 안정요소로 평가되었고(p=0.001) 척골 골절이 동반된 경우도 불안정한 요소로 평가되었다(p=0.019). 결론: 소아 요골 간단부 완전 전위 골절, 특히 요골 골간단-골간 이행부의 골절의 경우 불안정한 골절로 평가되므로 좀 더 주의가 필요하며 충분한 재형성을 기대하기 어려운 연령에서는 만족스러운 결과를 위하여 수술적 치료가 선호될 수 있다.