• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.2 s.74
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• pp.137-148
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• 2005

This study compared one-child households' economic structures between those who determined not to have more children and those who have a birth plan. This study examined the demographic characteristics and economic variables such as income, consumption expenditures, assets. debt, and a subjective evaluation of future economic status. Especially, it compared the effects of socioeconomic variables on expenditures on a child between low-fertility and birth-planned households. From a questionnaire completed by a husband or wife of one-child households, 154 low-fertility households and 201 birth-planned households were obtained. A t-test, chi-square test, multiple regression analysis and a dummy variable interaction technique were used. The findings of this study are as follows: First, low-fertility households were older, had higher income, and had more educated, employed wives. Their marital duration was longer, and their child was older than those of birth-planned households. Second, low-fertility households had higher consumption expenditures than did birth-planned households. Especially, expenditures of apparel and shoes, health care, education, and entertainment were significantly higher for low-fertility households. Also, low-fertility households spent more than did birth-planned households on a child. However, low-fertility households had significantly more debt than did their counterparts, and their expectation level of future economic status were lower than that of birth-planned households. Third, the effects of socioeconomic variables on expenditures on a child were different between low-fertility and birth-planned households. Age, education level, husband's occupation, wife's employment status, income, net asset, and subjective evaluation of future economic status showed significant differences. Income elasticity of expenditure on a child was significantly higher for low-fertility households than their counterparts.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.121-140
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand how the economic conditions and needs of single-parent families are different between single-mother and single-father families, and also how they are dependent on household composition. The data for this study were drawn from the 1st Korea Welfare Panel Study and analyzed by frequencies, means, ${\chi}^2$, t-test, F-test, and logistic regression with the STATA 9.1 program. The major findings are as follows: (1) Single-parent families are more likely to live in a three-generation household than married couple families. (2) The composition of a three-generation household of single-parent families is affected by sex, age, education, type of marital disruption, the type of employment of single parents and the age of the last-born child. (3) The income-to-needs ratio is not significantly different depending on the sex of the single parents and their household composition. However, material hardship is significantly low in three-generation household single-parent families. (4) There are differences between three-generation single-parent families and independent single-parent families in income sources: The ratio of public transfer to total incomes is higher in three-generation households than independent households, while the ratio of private transfer to total incomes is higher in independent households.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.595-604
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of the nurse-led one-on-one discharge education on the levels of symptom experience and self-care compliance among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had not previously participated in an education or respiratory rehabilitation program. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design with nonequivalent control group. Sixty seven hospitalized patients (34 for experimental and 33 for control groups) were recruited from in-patient units of a general hospital from August to November, 2010. The one-on-one education session of symptom management and daily self-care was administered to experimental group for 50 minutes along with a follow-up phone call. Self-administered questionnaire was administered at the pretest and at 1 month after discharge. Results: The subjects were 67.43(${\pm}10.24$)years old in average. The mean differences of symptom experience (t=3.39, p=.001) and self-care compliance (t=-38.13, p<.001) in the experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group. Conclusion: Nurse-led one-on-one discharge education was effective in reducing the level of symptom experience and enhancing self-care compliance at home within one month after discharge. Therefore, this form of one-on-one education provided by nurses might be applicable effectively for COPD patients who do not have access to respiratory rehabilitation programs.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.157-174
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of resilience and retirement attitudes perceived by middle-aged married men on a meaningful life, and provide basic data based on empirical research for reexamining meaningful lives of middle-aged married men. For the study, a survey was conducted with middle-aged men aged between 40 and 60 who were married with children and employed and live in Seoul or Gyeonggido. A total of 476 copies of data were analyzed. For the analysis, SPSS 20.0 was used to perform frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way ANOVA, and the Duncan multiple range test and multiple regression analysis were performed. The result was as follows: First, Levels of resilience, retirement attitudes and meaningful life were moderate. Second, middle-aged married men had significant differences according to education, job, religion, Monthly family income, Wife's employment, marital status and Subjective health condition on meaningful life. third, middle-aged married men had an impact on resilience and retirement attitude on a meaningful life. In particular, the Affirmation of the resilience of the sub-region and the Transition to Old Age part of the retirement attitudes were significantly affected. Therefore, it is necessary to consider enough family support and social support for middle aged men.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.43-51
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to assess the sanitation level and purchase behavior of fishery products, and to identify management conditions of bad smell from cooking fish at home as perceived by housewives in a metropolitan area. Frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, and cross-tabulation analysis were employed as statistical techniques for current study. Total 270 were collected from housewives. The statistical variables included the kinds of cooking oil and the age of housewives, the types of hoods for fish roasting, the types of covers for fish grills, the number of family, the ventilation methods, and the maintenance of kitchen utensils based on family incomes, and they showed statistically significant differences(p<.05). Furthermore, the housewives whose sanitary cognition level for fishery products was high, the housewives whose level of purchase attitude was relatively high, and the housewives who utilized specialized kitchen utensils demonstrated statistically significant differences(p<.05). It resulted from the assessment of such actual conditions as difference of culinary environment according to the sanitation level of fishery products, the level of purchase attitude, and whether the housewives utilized special kitchen utensils or not. The more efforts were proved from those who had the intentions for improvement of an amenable culinary environment at homes, according to the higher income obtainers, the smaller nuclear family, the younger generation, whether the housewives utilized special kitchen utensils or not, and those who had the higher sanitary cognition level of fishery products. The above results were derived from an individual lifestyle or a dietary lifestyle, but eventually this seems to be related with the propensity and values hierarchy of individuals.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.13-25
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• 2004

In this paper, We would research and analysis for actual beauty information condition in Korea on the end of July 2004. We make an investigation into 3 beauty subject that Web service were operated by 100% regular school education. 15.5% Private school in 363 teaching institutions, 8.74% of 767 material dealers, 0.38% of 77,546 beauty salons. There are 12 companies of client management program and 3 hair changing programs. It bring to be few of technical beauty information data and creature value added that lack of full-time lecturer, according1y, KBMC and Ministry of Health & Welfare would constitute beauty information commit that make connection of each 3 beauty subjects and web database for technical beauty information data. As a result of unification and communization for beauty information system. It should be take synergy effect for Korean Beauty.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.283-293
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• 2015

This study explores experiences of male family care worker who are caring for their family members with chronic health conditions at home. Qualitative methodologies were used; semi-structured in-depth interviews with seven participants. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results indicated that men are playing greater roles in the provision of care for family members. Findings are presented as three themes: adaptation of role transformations, development for new relationships, and learning to cope with the unexpected. The results suggest that male family care workers experience changes in the ways that they adapt their traditional roles to the new roles they assume as caregivers. Implications for social workers and other care providers are discussed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.209-225
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• 2008

This study has been designed to develop integrated supportive service works for the families of disabled children registered in the D-Healthy Family Support Center. The service works are intended to improve family members' health and their growth potentials, and cover service programs of family education, counselling, culture solidarity, and information networks. There are two topics covered in this study; first, this study is to develop integrated supportive service programs for the families of disabled children, and second, the study is also to construct comprehensive strategies and plans for effective services after evaluating practical service programs. In this study, 31 families with one or more disabled children have been selected through stratified random sampling, and all the family members were observed for program effects of integrated service items developed from previously validated indices. For analysis, eight question items were made for interview and each item denotes satisfaction score ranging from 1(very dissatisfied) to 5(very satisfied) on the Likert's five point scale. Mean value of each item was counted after the program, and satisfaction scores were compared over the programs implementation. Overall, the satisfaction scores range 4.1 to 4.6, indicating relatively high satisfaction over most service program. Therefore, it is finally proposed that a longitudinal strategy model offer high quality service programs consistently for the target families, as a goal of achieving comprehensive cooperation and support exchanges between community and healthy family support center be schematized.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2010

Prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing significantly worldwide due to energy imbalance perhaps stemming from undesirable dietary behavior and physical activity level. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of physical activity level on nutritional status in elementary school students. The subjects were comprised of 287 elementary school students between 4th and 6th grades in Seoul, Korea. The level of physical activity was scored with a modified Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire and was categorized as active, moderately active, and sedentary. Dietary intakes were obtained using a 24-hour food recall method. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test for global significant differences of nutrient intakes by physical activity level. Boys were more active than girls. Daily intakes of energy in moderately active boys were significantly higher than in the sedentary group, but intakes of calcium and iron in moderately active boys were lower than active boys. For girls, physical activity level did not affect nutrient density at all. Intakes of calcium, vitamin C, and folate for both boys and girls were below 50% of recommended intake. Physical activity did not affect nutrient density and our participants were exposed to nutritional imbalance. Therefore, the results suggest that nutrition education regarding balanced diet and optimum physical activity is required for children's health and growth.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.28-35
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• 1976

To know changes of the food preferences and the practice of pica during pregnancy, ninety two women in the latter half of pregnancy were interviewed in April, 1976 at ten medical centers in Seoul. They were average 27.1 years old, and mostly middle class. 83.7% of the total subjects felt the changes of food preferences due to pregnancy within the first trimester. 60.9% had vomiting as well as losing their appetite and 17.3% vomited three or more times daily which might induce difficulties of water and electrolytes balance in body. The preferences about foods, the taste of foods, and various dishes cooked during morning sickness were changed significantly and showed in lower scores of likes and higher scores of dislikes than those before pregnancy. Particularly, cooked rice and kimchi indicated the increase of more than 50% in dislikes. The preferences after the morning sickness were turned back to those before pregnancy. Desire for water through foods like soft drinks, juice, ice cream, and gamju and salty foods seemed to be spontaneous during pregnancy. A majority of the subjects had three meals and no snack had included more snacks instead of meals during losing appetite and thereafter, had more frequent meals and snacks. Superstitions about chicken, squid, and cuttlefish for pregnant women were prevalent. 11.9% tabooed chicken because of harm for fetus. On the contrary, intended higher inclusions of milk, meat and dried small sardines would be helpful to satisfy the increased recommended allowances of calcium and protein for them. The practice of pica was found in 5.4% and rice was the only real item mentioned. Pica such as amylophagia or geophagia often reported in the U.S. was not answered in this study.