• Development and Reproduction
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Phthalates and those metabolites have long history in industry and suspected to have deficient effects in development and reproduction. These are well-known anti-androgenic chemicals and many studies have examined the effects of these compounds on male reproduction as toxins and endocrine disruptors. Uterus is a key organ for proper embryo development, successful reproduction, and health of eutherian mammals including women. To understand the effects of the phthalate, the horizontal approach with a whole group of phthalate is best but the known phthalates are huge and all is not uncovered. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most common product of plasticizers in polymer products and studied many groups. Although, there is limited studies on the effects of phthalates on the female, a few studies have proved the endocrine disrupting characters of DEHP or phthalate mixture in female. An acute and high dose of DEHP has adverse effects on uterine histological characters. Recently, it has been revealed that a chronical low-dose exposing of DEHP works as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC). DEHP can induce various cellular responses including the expression regulation of steroid hormone receptors, transcription factors, and paracrine factors. Interestingly, the response of uterus to DEHP is not monotonous and the exposed female has various phenotypes in fertility. These suggest that the exposing of DEHP may causes of histological modification in uterus and of disease in female such as endometriosis, hyperplasia, and myoma in addition to developmental and reproductive toxicity.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.181-200
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• 2007

Objevtives & Methods : Effects of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture at BL18 and LI11 on lipid composition, cytokine level, liver function, anti-oxidative capacity and histological characters were investigated in diet-induced obese rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 400g were divided into 4 groups of control, BL18, LI11 and BL18 plus LI11 pharmacopuncture groups and raised for 4 weeks. Results : 1. Plasma ${\beta}$-lipoprotein, free fatty acids level and TNF-${\alpha}$ levels significantly decreased in the pharmacopuncture groups compared to those of no treatment group. Plasma and liver total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels were also significantly lower than those of no treatment group. There was, however, no difference in TBARS level among pharmacopuncture groups. Liver total cholesterol level of BL18 pharmacopuncture group was lower than those of the other two pharmacopuncture groups. In LDL-cholesterol level, BL18 pharmacopuncture and BL18 plus LI11 pharmacopuncture groups only had significantly lower levels than that of no treatment group. 2. There was no significant difference between cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture groups and no treatment group in IL-6, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartic acid transaminase (AST) levels. 3. Compared with \ those of no treatment group, pharmacopuncture groups had significantly higher levels of HDL-cholesterol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase activities. There was, however, no significant difference among pharmacopuncture groups. 4. Histological characters of heart, kidney and liver of BL18 pharmacopuncture group were similar to those of normal rats. Conclusions : These results indicate that cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture at BL18 and LI11 may suppress adipose tissue mass and lipid peroxidation and activate antioxidant system.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.3.1-3.8
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• 2020

Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models are frequently used to test the drug efficacy in diverse types of cancer. They are known to recapitulate the patient characteristics faithfully, but a systematic survey with a large number of cases is yet missing in lung cancer. Here we report the comparison of genomic characters between mouse and patient tumor tissues in lung cancer based on exome sequencing data. We established PDX mouse models for 132 lung cancer patients and performed whole exome sequencing for trio samples of tumor-normal-xenograft tissues. Then we computed the somatic mutations and copy number variations, which were used to compare the PDX and patient tumor tissues. Genomic and histological conclusions for validity of PDX models agreed in most cases, but we observed eight (~7%) discordant cases. We further examined the changes in mutations and copy number alterations in PDX model production and passage processes, which highlighted the clonal evolution in PDX mouse models. Our study shows that the genomic characterization plays complementary roles to the histological examination in cancer studies utilizing PDX mouse models.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.80 no.4
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• pp.408-415
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• 1991

A tumorous wood formed in a stem of Robinia pseudoacacia L. by steel wire fastening was investigated and compared with normal wood in the anatomy of histological aspect. The tumorous wood appeared to differ from normal wood in irregular orientations of some pores, most wood fibers, and rays deviated from normal direction, somewhat radially elongated pores on cross surface, occasionally distorted wood fiber tips between rays on radial surface, large ray width and height, commonly entangled arrangement of wood fibers on radial surface, frequent occurrence of pore multiples in the latewood, frequent occurrence of gelatinous fibers, and dark gummy substances partially enclosed in the lumina of wood fibers, rays, and axial strand parenchymas.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.324-329
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• 2006

The silicone rubber implants are widely used in plastic surgery because of various advantages; however, calcification in surface of implant(as a chemical resistance) may transform or destroy the high molecular biomaterial when it stays too long within the human body. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between calcification and the histological disparities of the tissues surrounding the area adjoining the silicone nasal implant by examining the regional characteristics of calcium deposits in the silicone nasal implant via elemental analyses using EDX(energy-dispersive X-ray analysis) and ultrastructural analyses using SEM(scanning electron microscopy). The subjects of the study were 19 silicone nasal implants removed by revision rhinoplasty, all displaying calcification. According to the tissue characters, the implant surface was divided into 4 zones with the rhinion as the basis. For each zone, elemental and ultrastructural analyses were performed. Elemental analysis revealed that the calcium deposits consisted of Ca and P only. There were no statistically significant disparities among the ratios between Ca and P according to the zones. Ultrastructural analysis showed acellular mineral-like deposits coalesced to create amorphous deposits in all zones; however, in zones 1 and 3(more pressurized zones by periosteum or nasal bone), additional flaky cylinder-shaped calcium deposits were detected. Thus, it seems that the histological disparities in the surrounding tissues do not affect the components and their proportions in the calcification process. However, it can be inferred that the physical environment due to the histological disparities in the surrounding tissues affects the ultrastructures of calcium deposits.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2014

Gonadal development and maturation mechanism were studied on the freshwater marsh clam Corbicula papyracea (Heude), which is the endangered species in Korea. The specimens were collected in the rearing ponds and waterway of NFRDI in Gapyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do from January to December 2004, and then investigated by condition factor, relative growth, gonadal development phases and gonad histological characters based on 30-50 individuals every month. Comparing with the freshwater marsh clam, C. papyracea is small, light olive brown shell and violet interior. The hermaphrodite individuals of C. papyracea take an internal fertilization and fertilized eggs are stored in the foster-sack in the gills, then the hatched juveniles are released outside after an ovoviviparous process. The average water temperature of inhabit area was in range of $1.8-27.0^{\circ}C$ and usually took great effects on the gonad maturation of C. papyracea. The condition factor ranged from 0.14 to 0.21 throughout the year, which was the lowest during winter season (December-February), and gradually increased to the highest value of 0.21 in May. The ratio of meat weight to total weight was 25.9-38.7%, indicating the similar trend with condition factor. The highest values of condition factor and the ratio of meat weight appeared 1-2 months later than gonadosomatic index reached the peak value, it was probably because that the ovoviviparous eggs would spend a long period before hatching from the foster-sack in the gills. To synthesize the characters of meat weight, condition factor and gonad development by histological study, reproductive cycle of C. papyracea could be divided into five successive stages: multiplicative stage (December to February), growing stage (February to May), mature stage (June to August), spawning stage (August to November), recovery stage (November to December). The smallest shell length of matured C. papyracea was 12.6 mm, and individuals, larger than 16 mm, was formed the nursery in the gills.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 2011

Objectives : The Primo system is a hypothesis on the new circulation system. It orginates from Bonghan theory. Bonghan theory is about the anatomical substance of acupuncture point and meridian system. It has been regarded as a misunderstanding of the lymphatic system or as a made-up story for the past 40 years. Since 2002, many studies have been published either to support the theory or to refute the old viewpoint. But there are still difficulties about the proper sampling. The purpose of this study is to find out the discriminative criteria of Organ Surface Primo sytem by reviewing the Kim Bonghan's publications. Methods : Abstract of description about the Organ Surface Primo system in 5 publications of Kim Bonghan are weighted by the reverse order of publication. Results and Conclusions : 6 characters of anatomical structure and 11 characters of histological structure are founded as repeated descriptions. We hope that this summarized characteristics would be a good guide to Primo system experiments.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.46-49
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• 2008

Neurofibroma is a neurogenic tumor arising from schwann cells or peripheral tissues of nerve sheaths. Neurofibroma rarely occurs as a solitary lesion but mostly occurs as part of neurofibromatosis and reports of neurofibromas developed in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinus are very rare. We report on a case of neurofibroma of the nasal cavity treated by endoscopic surgery. Preoperative computed tomography(CT), and punch biopsy suggested that the tumor was benign neurogenic tumor cofined to right nasal cavity. The tumor was removed with endoscopic surgery completely, and confirmed as neurofibroma by histological and immunohistochemical examination. We discuss the clinical and pathological characters of neurofibroma arising in the nasal septum.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 2018

The olfactory organ of Korean endemic fish Microphysogobio yaluensis are described anatomically and histologically, focused on relationship to its habitat and ecology. The paired olfactory organs are located at the dorsal snout, and externally consist of two semicircular nostrils and single nasal flap. They internally have rosette structure with 22 to 24 units of lamellae and the raphe inside the olfactory chamber. The lamella is made up of the sensory and the non-sensory epitheliums. The sensory epithelium has olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells and basal cells whereas the nonsensory epithelium has stratified epithelial cells, ciliated non-sensory cells and mucous cells with acidic and neutral mucins. These structures might be considered that M. yaluensis has the olfactory organ which corresponds to the high sensitivity for its habitat and ecology, and is usable as a taxonomic key.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.283-288
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• 1996

A total of 31 human diphyllobothriasis cases have been reported in Korea. Authors experienced two more human cases of Diphyllobothrium latum infection, especially due to eating raw freshwater trout. Two cases were husband and wife in a famil residing in Chunchon city, Kangwon-do, who raw fish in October 1994. A 43-year old male(husband) was 69kg in body weight and healthy. A worm (6.65m in length; 8-l3mm in width) was expelled from him after, anthelmintic treatment. The second case(wife) was a 39-year old female who weighted 56kg. She complained about gastrointestinal trouble and abdominal discomfort. A worm (5.50m in length; 9-l3mm in width) was Obtained her after anthelmintic treatment. No scolex was collected from the two worms. Two patients were administrated with praziquantel(15mg/kg of body weight) and 15gm of magnesium sulfate as a purgative. Two worms identified as D. latum, .based on the following biological characters: extermal morphologies, coiling of uterus, the number of uterine loops, position of genital opening, morphologies of cirrus and cirrus sac and seminal vesicle on the histological sections, positions of vagina and uterine pore, distribution patterns of vitellaria, and microscopical and SEM morphologies of the egg.