• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.553-556
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• 2008

The urinary bladder retroflexion, flipped over backwards into the pelvic canal, by trauma has been rarely reported in dogs. This paper describes clinical and radiological features of urinary bladder retroflexion in two dogs with a history of traffic accident. The main clinical signs were hind limb lameness, severe pain and dysuria. Radiography and ultrasonography were performed to evaluate the patient's damages. No remarkable findings were observed except pelvic fracture on survey radiograph. On cystourethrography, caudal displacement and retroflexion of the bladders were identified. Cystopexy was performed and the bladders were repositioned. After surgery one dog with severe azotemia and bilateral hydroureteronephrosis was deteriorated noticeably and euthanized by request of the owner, while the other dog was recovered no recurrence of the problem by 12 months post-surgery. It should be considered that contrast study and serial assessment in urinary tract be important to demonstrate the evidence of bladder retroflexion and evaluate the prognosis in dogs with severe trauma.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2021

A 7-year-old intact male Maltese dog was presented with firm, raised, erythematous, alopecic, and pruritic skin lesions on the right dorsal distal metatarsal region and the tail. The skin lesion started a year ago with a crust-like lesion on the right dorsal distal metatarsal region which gradually swelled as the patient continued to lick and chew without healing. Recently, similar lesions occurred on the tail. Based on the licking history and ruling out other diseases through skin examination, acral lick dermatitis (ALD) was diagnosed. Treatment included antidepressants, preventive antibiotics, topical corticosteroid, and wearing Elizabethan collar as a physical barrier. After three weeks, the lesion on the hind limb healed entirely. However, the tail lesion recurred as it was able to lick the tail again with a type of an E-collar. This case shows that it is essential to block the contact lesion and provide medical treatment until the lesion has been completely resolved for successful management of ALD.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.668-674
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• 2012

본 연구는 한국에 서식하는 장지뱀과 3종인 표범장지뱀(Eremias argus), 아무르장지뱀(T. amurensis), 줄장지뱀(T. wolteri)의 외부 형질에 대한 성적 크기 차이(SSD)를 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 외부 형질 중 주둥이-항문 길이, 꼬리 길이, 머리 길이, 머리 폭, 앞다리 길이, 뒷다리 길이와 같은 6개 부위를 중심으로 수컷과 암컷을 비교하였다. 머리-항문 길이는 student's t 검정을, 나머지 부위는 머리-항문 길이를 공변량으로 이용하여 공분산 검정을 수행하였다. 머리 길이와 꼬리길이는 일반적인 장지뱀과의 특성과 마찬가지로 한국산 장지뱀과 3종 모두 수컷이 암컷보다 긴 것으로 나타났다. 추가적으로 표범장지뱀은 머리 넓이, 앞다리 길이, 뒷다리 길이, 줄장지뱀은 머리 넓이에서 수컷이 암컷보다 길었다. 머리-항문 길이는 한국산 장지뱀과 3종 모두 암 수 사이에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 머리-항문 길이의 SSD의 원인을 파악하기 위해서는 수컷간의 싸움과 암컷 머리-항문 길이와 한 배 산란수의 관계와 같은 생태학적 정보가 필요하다. 한국산 장지뱀과 3종에 대한 생태학적 연구가 계속 진행된다면 SVL에서 SSD가 일어나지 않은 이유를 설명할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2006

개에서 방사선 검사로 확진한 둔부 골관절염 증례에 대하여 hyaluronic acid의 관절강내 주사 및 caprofen의 경구투여를 2주간 치료를 하였으나, 임상증상이 개선되지 않았다. 봉독 수침요법(5일 간격, 7회)과 압통점 치료를 병용하였다. 수침에 사용된 혈위는 이환 된 우측 환지의 5개 혈위를 사용하였다: GB30(국소혈), ST35, GB33, BL40 및 LIV08(원위혈). 수침재료(0.2 ml/혈위, 전체 1 ml/회)는 apitoxin $100{\mu}g+2%$ 리도카인 (1:1)+생리식염수로 제조하였고, 5개 혈위에 각각 0.2 ml씩 수침하였다. 또한 우측 환지의 대퇴사두근의 압통점에 2% 리도카인(0.2ml/압통점)을 매회 치료 시 각각 수침하였다. 봉침 수침 요법은 임상증상을 급속하게 개선시켰는데, 파행 및 보행실조가 7회 치료(30일) 후 소실되었으며, 우측 후지의 근육 위축이 많이 호전되었고, 치료 종료 2주 후(44일)에 방사선 검사 상 환부는 거의 정상소견을 나타내었다. 본 환축은 봉독 수침 요법과 압통점 치료의 병용으로 양호한 치료반응을 나타난 개의 둔부 골관절염의 증례이었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2006

Ischemic stroke results from a transient or permanent reduction in cerebral blood flow that is restricted to the territory of a major brain artery. Thus, this study was performed to examine (1) the effects of swimming exercise on the improvement of muscle atrophy, and (2) exercise and HSP 70 expression in an ischemic stroke model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The results of this study were as follows: One week after ischemic stroke was induced, changes appeared in the muscle weight of the gastrocnemius muscle due to muscle atrophy in the affected side. Group II showed statistically significant difference from group III eight weeks after ischemic stroke was induced. (p<.05). One week and eight weeks after ischemic stroke was induced there was significant decrease in the relative muscle weight of the gastrocnemius muscle in each group except Group IV, while there was statistically significant increase in group II eight weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to group III (p<.05). For neurologic exercise behavior tests, Group II generally had the highest score, compared to other groups. In immunohistochemical observations, Group II showed a decrease in HSP 70. The above results suggest that swimming exercise improved muscle atrophy, changed the HSP 70 expression of ischemic stroke in rats, and contributed to the improvement of exercise function.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2003

Objective: The expression of CRF(corticotropin releasing factor), CRF-R(receptor) and CRF-BP(binding protein) in CNS neurons projecting to the stomach and ST36 using the pseudorabies virus in the rat was investigated. Methods: After survival times of 5 days following injection of PRV-Ba-Gal, The thirty rats were perfused, and their brain were frozen sectioned($30{\mu}m$). These sections were stained by PRV-Ba-Gal histochemical staining method and(or) CRF, CRF-R and CRF-BP immunohistochemical method. The common expressed areas of the brain projecting to the stomach and zusanli(ST36) following injection of PRV-Ba-Gal were observed with light microscope. Results: 1) The dense accumulation of CRF-immunoreactive terminals is seen in the area postrema, n. tractus solitarius, external zone of the median eminence, with some immunoreactive CRF also present in the internal zone. 2) Aggregates of CRF-R immunoreactive perikarya are found in area postrema, n. tractus solitarius, lateral reticular n., gigantocellular reticular n., locus coeruleues, paraventricular n. of hypothalamus, median eminence, preoptic n., arcuate n. and hind limb area of cerebral cortex. 3) Aggregates of CRF-BP immunoreactive perikarya are found in area postrema, n. tractus solitarius, lateral reticular nucleus, gigantocellular reticular n., locus coeruleues, paraventricular n. of hypothalamus, median eminence and arcuate n.. Conclusions : These results suggest that PRV-Ba-Gal labeled areas projecting to stomach and ST36 may be related to the central autonomic pathways. A part of CNS neurons projecting to the stomach and ST36 were related to expression of CRF, CRF-R and CRF-BP related to the stress in central autonomic center.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.691-698
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 현수 기간 중 적용한 신경근 전기자극의 사전 적용이 흰쥐 뒷다리 근육의 무게와 후지 기능에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위해서 25마리의 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 14일 동안 현수한 HLS군(n=5)과 14일 동안 자유롭게 사육한 WB군(n=5), 현수 기간 중 14일간 사전 전기자극을 실시한 ES14군(n=5), 현수 기간 중 11일간 사전 전기자극한 ES11군(n=5), 현수 기간 중 7일간 사전 전기자극한 ES7군(n=5)에 무작위 배치하여 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과, HLS군과 ES7군에서 비복근의 근무게, 후지 활보장의 유의한 감소와 외향각의 유의한 증가가 관찰되었고, ES14군과 ES11군에서 비복근의 근무게와 후지 활보장, 외향각이 유의하게 유지되었음을 관찰하였다. 즉, 14일 및 11일의 사전 신경근 전기자극이 근위축 지연과 근기능 보존에 효과적임을 보여주고 있다. 이러한 결과는 근위축 예방 및 기능 유지를 위해서는 신경근 전기자극을 가능한 조기 적용해야함을 알려주고 있다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.342-351
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• 2013

Advances in immunosuppressive treatments and microsurgical techniques have rendered composite tissues allotransplantation (CTA), such as heteregeneous or non-organ tissues, possible in humans. CTA has evolved dramatically since the first successful rat hind limb allotransplantation. Numerous clinical applications including face, hand, trachea, larynx, and vascularized joint have been performed. Although composite tissue allografts are still in their infancy, they have opened a new era in the field of transplantation surgery and pathology, so that maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons may occasionally be faced with the challenge of diagnosing skin refection of a composite tissue allograft. Facial allotransplantation (FAT) is a new surgical technique that could be considered as a new paradigm in facial reconstruction. Since the first human FAT had been achieved in 2005, 17 cases have been reported in the world up to date. However, many problems such as life-long immunosuppression, immune rejection, ethical problems and psychological problems are remained, so facial CTA is new reconstructive option with no general acceptance. The authors reviewed the indications, the results of 17 cases and their complications, and additional consideration factors in this article, and intended to raise the awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in this type of facial transplantation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.258-267
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• 1982

This study was performed to investigate the effect of different levels of protein and iron in the diet upon Fe, Cu and Zn metabolism in rat during four weeks of growing period. Forty-five male weanling rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing $68.5{\pm}1.1g$ were divided into 9 groups and each group was given with one of the 9 different kinds of diets for four weeks. The three dietary protein levels used were 5, 20 and 40% and Fe levels 0, 35, and 350 ppms. The results obtained were summarized as following ; 1) Food intake and body weight gain in 20%(SP) and 40%(HP) dietary protein groups tended to be significantly higher than 5%(LP) protein groups. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) was higher in LP groups than in HP and SP groups. With dietary Fe levels, there were no significant differences among groups in food intake, body weight gain, and PER. 2) In LP groups, the Fe concentrations in liver, kidney, and hind limb muscle were higher than in SP and HP groups. Regarding with dietary protein levels, the liver Cu concentrations in LP groups were slightly higher, but the liver Zn concentrations were lower in LP groups. The Fe concentrations in liver and kidney tended to decrease with decrease in dietary Fe levels, but Cu and Zn concentrations showed no consistent tendency with dietary Fe levels. 3) The Fe, Cu and Zn concentrations in serum were not different from dietary treatments except that the serum Fe concentrations increased slightly in LP groups. 4) The Fe and Cu concentrations in urine tended to be higher in HP groups. Fecal Cu and Zn concentrations showed no significant differences in dietary protein or Fe levels, but the Fe concentrations tended to increase with increase in dietary Fe levels.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2006

Purpose: This study is intended to examine the aquatic exercise on the improvement of muscle atrophy and motor function in an ischemic stroke model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Methods: We used 60 Sprague-Dawely rats which were divided into 4 groups; the subjects were divided into group of 5 rats. Group I was a group of high dose aquatic exercise after inducing ischemic stroke; Group II was a group of low dose aquatic exercise after inducing ischemic stroke; Group III was a control group, Group IV was a sham group without ischemic stroke. Results: Muscle weight of gastrocnemius muscle was significantly difference in Group II compared to Group III on 8 weeks(p<0.05). For the changes in relative muscle weight of gastrocnemius muscle, there was significant increase in Group II compared to Group III on 8 weeks(p<0.05). For neurologic exercise behavior test, Group II generally had the highest score, compared to other groups. The results of behavior test that Group II improved in degeneration and inflammation of muscle fiber and decreased in destruction of nerve cells and cerebral infarction, indicating a similar state of muscle fiber and brain to Group III. Conclusion: Based on these results, aquatic exercise may improve muscle atrophy and contribute to the improvement of motor function.