• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1431-1445
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• 2022

We construct a deep neural network model named ECGResNet. This model can diagnosis diseases based on 12-lead ECG data of eight common cardiovascular diseases with a high accuracy. We chose the 16 Blocks of ResNet50 as the main body of the model and added the Squeeze-and-Excitation module to learn the data information between channels adaptively. We modified the first convolutional layer of ResNet50 which has a convolutional kernel of 7 to a superposition of convolutional kernels of 8 and 16 as our feature extraction method. This way allows the model to focus on the overall trend of the ECG signal while also noticing subtle changes. The model further improves the accuracy of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease classification by using a fully connected layer that integrates factors such as gender and age. The ECGResNet model adds Dropout layers to both the residual block and SE module of ResNet50, further avoiding the phenomenon of model overfitting. The model was eventually trained using a five-fold cross-validation and Flooding training method, with an accuracy of 95% on the test set and an F1-score of 0.841.We design a new deep neural network, innovate a multi-scale feature extraction method, and apply the SE module to extract features of ECG data.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.35-59
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• 2018

Professor Bin Cheng said that outer space was res extra commercium, while the moon and the other celestial bodies were res nullius before the 1967 Outer Space Treaty(OST). However, Article 2 of the OST made the moon and other celestial bodies have the legal status as res extra commmercium, not appropriated by any country or private enterprises or individual person, but the resources there can be freely available, as those on the high seas. The non-appropriation principle was introduced to corpus juris spatialis internationalis. Whether or not the non-appropriation principle is binding for the non-parties of the OST, many scholars see this principle as an international customary law, even developing into jus cogens. Article 11(2) of the Moon Agreement(MA) reconfirms the nonappropriation principle of Article 2 of the OST, but it has much less effect than the OST because the MA binds only the 18 parties involved. The MA applies only to the moon and celestial bodies other than the Earth in the Solar System, the OST's application scope extends to the Galaxy because the OST has no such substantive enactment. As referred to in the 2015 CSLCA of USA or Luxembourg's Law of Space Resources, allowing individuals and enterprises run by other countries to commercially explore and utilize the space resources, the question may arise whether this violates the non-appropriation principle under Article 2 of the OST and Article 11 of the MA. In the case of the CSLCA, the law explicitly specifies that sovereignty, possessory rights, and judiciary rights to a specific celestial body cannot be claimed, let alone ownership. This author believes that this law respects the legal status of outer space and the celestial bodies as res extra commmercium. As long as any countries or private enterprises or individuals respect the non-appropriation principle of outer space and the celestial bodies, they could use, exploit it. Another question might be raised in the difference between res extra commercium on the high seas and res extra commercium in outer space and the celestial bodies. Collecting resources on the high seas and exploiting space resources should be interpreted differently. On the high seas, resources can be collected without any obstacles like fishing, whereas, in the case of the deep sea-bed area, the Common Heritage of Mankind principles under the UNCLOS should be operated by the International Seabed Authority as an international regime. The nature or form of the sea resources found on the high seas are thus different from that of space resources, which are fixed on the moon and the celestial bodies without water. Thus, if individuals or private enterprises collect these resources from outer space and the celestial bodies, they might secure a certain section and continue collecting or mining works without any limitation. If an American enterprise receives an approval from the U.S. government, secures the best location and collects resources on the moon, can other countries' enterprises access to this area? How large the exploiting place can be allotted on the moon? How long should such a exploiting activity be lasted? Under the current international space law, these matters might be handled according to the principle of "first come, first served." As a consequence, the international community should provide a guideline or a proposal for the settlement of any foreseeable disputes during the space activity to solve plausible space legal questions in the near future.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.393-400
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• 2023

Acetone, a metabolite detected from the exhaled breath of people doing a diet, can be used for non-invasive monitoring of diet efficiency. Thus, gas sensors with rapid response and recovery characteristics to acetone need to be developed. Herein, we report ultrafast acetone sensors using Ce-doped In₂O₃ nanoparticles prepared by the one-pot microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The pure In₂O₃ sensor shows a high response and fast response time (τ_res = 6 s) upon exposure to 2 ppm acetone at 300 ℃, while exhibiting a relatively sluggish recovery speed (τ_recov = 1129 s). When 20 wt% Ce is doped, the τ_recov of the sensor significantly decreased to 45 s withholding the fast-responding characteristic (τ_res = 6 s). In addition, the acetone response (resistance ratio, S) of the sensor is as high as 5.8, sufficiently high to detect breath acetone. Moreover, the sensor shows similar acetone sensing characteristics even under a highly humid condition (relative humidity of 60%) in terms of τ_res (6 s), τ_recov (47 s), and S (4.7), demonstrating its high potential in real applications. The excellent acetone sensing characteristics of Ce-doped In₂O₃ nanoparticles are discussed in terms of their size, composition, phase, and oxygen adsorption on the sensing surface.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2011

To provide basic data for variety improvement of chestnut cultivated in southern Korea, nut characteristics were investigated during 2008-2010. The number of burr by variety ranged from 37.7 in Kwangjujoyul to 183 in Juok. There were significant differences among variety in number of nuts per burr, and Idea had the least number of nuts per burr (1.2), while Sandae and Kwangeun had the largest (2.0). Nut weight also showed a distinct difference among variety, and Kwangdeok had the heaviest, while Kwangjujoyul had the lightest nut weight. Changbanggamyul showed the highest healthy nut rate of 89.9%, and Kunumi, Arima, Tsukuba, Kwangeun, and Pyeonggi had the rate of healthy nut of more than 80%. Sinyipyeong and Isseumo showed the high rate of rot nuts of 10.8 and 16.8%, which was needed to give attention to nut storage. Split pericarp percentage ranged from 0% in Changbanggamyul to 20.6% in Saeil, and that was above 15% in Sandae, Riheiguri, Juok, Kwangdeok but Kunumi, Arima, Tsukuba, Manseong, Changbanggamyul, Chuckpabyunii, Isseumo had the split pericarp percentage of less than 3%.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.955-958
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• 2003

We report the photo-(PL) and electroluminescence (EL) properties of new conjugated compounds based on diphenyl benzeneamine moiety, 4,4'-(1,4-phenylenedi-(1E)-2,1-ethenediyl]bis(N,N-diphenyl-benzenamine](PEDB) and 4,4'-([1,1 -biphenyl]-4,4'-diyldi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis[N,N-diphenyl-benzenamine)(BPEDB), as emitting materials and dopant materials. The ITO/m-MTDATA/NPB/DPVBi + BPEDB(1%) /Alq3/LiF/Al device shows blue EL spectrum at 458nm and high efficiency(5.3 cd/A). PEDB as dopant shows also blue EL spectrum around ${\lambda}$ max=463nm and 4.1 cd/A high efficiency in ITO/m-MTDATA/NPB/DPVBi + PEDB(1%)/Alq3/LiF/Al device.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.320-322
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.323-326
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.327-329
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• 1999

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.605-614
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• 2009

Most cancer patients are treated with surgery, chemotherapy or radiation as anticancer therapies. Especially in the case of radiation, these treatments produce adverse effects such as vomiting, weight loss, anorexia, normal cell damage and malabsorption. The major goal of this study was to determine the effect of irradiation on the nutritional and immune status in irradiated rats. A secondary goal was to determine the effectiveness of high protein diet (HP) and resveratrol (Res) in minimizing the adverse effects of radiation. Rats were divided into four groups: normal diet (NP), HP, NP + Res and HP + Res groups. Each group was further divided into subgroups that received radiation (RT group) and one that did not (non-RT group). Each diet was supplied from $12^{th}$ day prior to irradiation treatment with irradiation dose of 17.5 Gy. The diets were continued until 10th day after radiation treatment and animals were sacrificed. The radiation treatment showed decreased body weight, serum protein and HDL levels and increased TG and LDL levels in nutritional status. HP, NP + Res and HP + Res groups reduced the level of serum LDL and TG in irradiated rats. NP + Res and HP + Res groups increased reduced albumin level of serum in RT group. In case of immune status, the radiation treat-ment showed decreased WBC, lymphocytes and increased neutrophil and eosinophil levels. The levels of serum IL-2 and IL-6 were significantly increased by radiation, however the cytokine levels decreased in all dietary treatment groups. These results showed that high protein diet and resveratrol supplementation seem to minimize the adverse effects of radiation on lipid nutritional status and inflammation response in the rat model.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.657-665
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• 2021

Nondestructive evaluation methods play an important role in ensuring component integrity and safety in many industries. Operator fatigue can play a critical role in the reliability of such methods. This is important for inspecting high value assets or assets with a high consequence of failure, such as aerospace and nuclear components. Recent advances in convolution neural networks can support and automate these inspection efforts. This paper proposes using residual neural networks (ResNets) for real-time detection of corrosion, including iron oxide discoloration, pitting and stress corrosion cracking, in dry storage stainless steel canisters housing used nuclear fuel. The proposed approach crops nuclear canister images into smaller tiles, trains a ResNet on these tiles, and classifies images as corroded or intact using the per-image count of tiles predicted as corroded by the ResNet. The results demonstrate that such a deep learning approach allows to detect the locus of corrosion via smaller tiles, and at the same time to infer with high accuracy whether an image comes from a corroded canister. Thereby, the proposed approach holds promise to automate and speed up nuclear fuel canister inspections, to minimize inspection costs, and to partially replace human-conducted onsite inspections, thus reducing radiation doses to personnel.