• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

A new type of cascade sandwiched piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is presented and studied. The cascade transducer is composed of two traditional longitudinally sandwiched piezoelectric transducers, which are connected together in series mechanically and in parallel electrically. Based on the analytical method, the electromechanical equivalent circuit of the cascade transducer is derived and the resonance/anti-resonance frequency equations are obtained. The impedance characteristics and the vibrational modes of the transducer are analyzed. By means of numerical method, the dependency of the resonance/anti-resonance frequency and the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient on the geometrical dimensions of the cascade transducer are studied and some interesting conclusions are obtained. Two prototypes of the cascade transducers are designed and made; the resonance/anti-resonance frequency is measured. It is shown that the analytical resonance/anti-resonance frequencies are in good agreement with the experimental results. It is expected that this kind of cascade transducer can be used in large power and high intensity ultrasonic applications, such as ultrasonic liquid processing, ultrasonic metal machining and ultrasonic welding and soldering.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

PVDF 및 P(VDF-TrFE) 고분자 압전박막을 이용하여 고주파수 수침용 초음파 탐촉자를 제작한 다음 그 특성을 비교 평가하였다. 탐촉자와 탐상기 사이의 신호전송용 동축케이블의 길이가 고주파수 초음파 검출장에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 초음파 빔의 초점이 형성되는 반사체가 편평할수록 고주파수 초음파 검출장은 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며 3mm 직경의 PVDF 탐촉자의 경우 0.5mm 강구에서 약 100MHz의 광대역 고주파수 초음파 검출장을 형성하였다. PVDF와 P(VDF-TrFE) 탐촉자를 비교한 결과 반사신호의 피크 값과 빔 폭은 P(VDF-TrFE)가 PVDF 보다 크게 나타났으나 고주파수 초음파 검출장은 PVDF가 P(VDF-TrFE)보다 광대역 특성을 나타내었다. 개발된 3mm 직경의 PVDF 탐촉자를 이용하여 표면의 깊이균열 크기가 $30{\sim}100{\mu}m$인 수소유기균열(HIC) 강재 시편을 C-scan한 결과 고감도의 분해능으로 미세 균열의 검출이 가능하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1995년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automation Control Conference, 10th (KACC); Seoul, Korea; 23-25 Oct. 1995
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• pp.87-90
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• 1995

When the ultrasonic transducer operating at l MHz for use in cleaning semiconductor wafers or other industsrial materials is driven from the MOS-FET DC-to RF inverter, the output power severely depends on the frequency of operation since the quality factor of the transducer is high. In order to tune to the eresonating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer, the drive signal frequency of the MOS-FET power inverter is automatically scananed until the frequency is set at the resonating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is maximized. The control circuit consists of an output power sensing circuit, a PLL controller, a frequency standard, and other peripheral circuits. The operation was satisfactory when the transducer having an output of 600 W at 1 MHz was used.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.466-472
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 고분해능 초음파 영상 획득이 가능한 20 MHz 대역의 의료용 초음파 선형 배열 트랜스듀서를 개발하였다. 먼저 고주파 음파의 전파가 용이한 트랜스듀서의 구조를 고안한 후, 구성소자의 최적치수를 도출하였다. 이후 설계에 따라 트랜스듀서의 제작공정을 개발하고, 트랜스듀서 시편의 제작 및 평가를 수행하였다. 제작된 초음파 트랜스듀서는 중심주파수가 19 MHz이고, 비대역폭이 84.5 %, 감도의 표준편차가 0.74 dB로 측정되었다. 측정 결과는 설계 결과와 잘 일치하였으며, 이에 의해 본 연구에서 개발한 고주파 초음파 트랜스듀서 구조의 타당성을 검증하였다. 개발된 트랜스듀서는 새로운 구조에 의해 기존의 20 MHz 트랜스듀서에 비해 더 넓은 주파수 대역폭과 균일한 감도를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop an non-contact ultrasonic transducer for measurement of fruit firmness. The center frequency of non-contact ultrasonic transducer was 500 kHz. As an active element of non-contact ultrasonic transducer, the 1-3 piezoelectric composite material was selected. That material has high piezoelectric properties such as electro-mechanical coupling factor, $k_t$ and piezoelectric voltage constant, $d_{33}$ and also that material has low acoustical impedance which enables to matching the acoustical impedances between piezoelectric material and air. As a front matching material between 1-3 piezoelectric composite material and air, various kinds of paper with different thickness were tested. To control the dead-zone of the fabricated non-contact ultrasonic transducer, the backing material composed of epoxy resin and tungsten powder were made and evaluated. The fabricated non-contact ultrasonic transducer for fruit showed that the cneter frequency, bandwidth and beamwidth were approximately 480 kHz, 30 % and 12 mm, respectively. It was concluded that non-contact measurement of apple firmness would be possible by using the fabricated non-contact ultrasonic transducer.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1038-1048
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• 2022

Ultrasound is one of the effective methods for skin treatment. The skin penetration depth of the ultrasound depends on the ultrasonic frequency, that is, when the ultrasonic frequency is high, the depth is shallow. We have developed a transducer which can generate effectively 3 different ultrasonic frequencies removing interference between 3 types of frequencies according to impedance matching technology. The generated powers of transducer are 40.67W at 3.MHz, 17.46W at 11.7 MHz, and 14.79W at 21.5 MHz. The signal interference between the three frequencies is designed so that they do not interfere with each other by separating the signals using the SPDT (Single Pole, Double Throw) switch. The developed hybrid ultrasound transducer can be applied in skin care or skin treatment and beauty therapy.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
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• pp.631-636
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• 1987

The design of ultrasonic transducer energy processing systems requires highly reliable command featuring mechanical frequency tracking and constant velocity control of the ultrasonic transducer with an acoustic load. This paper presents a new conceptional instantaneous current resultant control base high-frequency inverter using self turn-off devices driving an electrostrictive ultrasonic transducer system and its optimum control technique, which is implemented by feed-back of the ultrasonic transducer applied voltage and instantaneous velocity of the transducer vibrating system through a Phase-Locked-Loop control scheme. The feedback voltage corresponding to instantaneous velocity is averaged over a half-period with respect to constant amplitude/constant velocity control strategy. Described are the theory of this signal detection technique and the experimental set-up.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2434-2440
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• 2018

A new type of piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) with high resonant frequency was developed by using a thin lead zirconate titanate (PZT) as an insulation layer on a floating $10{\mu}m$ silicon membrane. The PZT insulation layer facilitated acoustic impedance matching at active pMUT, leading to a high performance in the acoustic conversion property compared with the transducer using $SiO_2$ insulation layer. The fabricated ultrasonic devices were wirelessly measured by connecting two identical acoustic transducers to two separate ports in a single network analyzer simultaneously. The acoustic wave emitted from a transducer induced a $3.16{\mu}W$ on the other side of the transducer at a distance of 2 cm. The transducer performances in terms of device diameters, PZT thickness, annealings, and different DC polings, etc. were investigated. COMSOL simulation was also performed to predict the device performances prior to fabrication. Based on the COMSOL simulation, the device was fabricated and the results were compared.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2017

초음파탐상법을 이용하여 마이크로미터의 크기 작은 결함을 검출하기 위해서는 높은 공진주파수와 큰 분해능의 초음파 변환기가 필요하다. 초음파 변환기의 공진주파수와 분해능은 변환기에 사용된 압전소자의 두께, 후면재 및 탐상 시스템 간의 전기 임피던스 정합과 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 이 중 전기 임피던스 매칭은 초음파 변환기와 초음파탐상 시스템 사이의 서로 다른 입 출력단을 연결하는 과정에서, 두 연결단의 전기적 임피던스 차이에 의한 에너지 반사와 손실을 줄이는 중요한 역할을 한다. 임피던스 정합에서 흔히 많이 사용하는 방법은 LC-정합회로이다. 이러한 LC-정합을 통해 탐상 시스템과 초음파 변환기의 전기 임피던스를 $50{\Omega}$으로 맞추어 두 연결단 사이의 임피던스 차이를 보정해 줌으로서 초음파 변환기에서 발생되는 전기신호의 손실을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 15 MHz의 공진주파수를 가지는 광대역 수침형 초음파 탐촉자를 제작하고 광대역 특성을 갖는 초음파 변환기를 위한 LC 임피던스 정합법을 적용하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제23권4E호
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• pp.120-124
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• 2004

A new type of high frequency wideband ultrasonic transducer with a separation between a transmitter and a receiver was proposed and its characteristics were simulated using a PSpice model. The piezoelectric ceramic $PbTiO_{3}$ as a transmitter and the piezoelectric copolymer P(VDF- TrFE) as a receiver were used for high sensitivity and wide bandwidth, respectively. The characteristics of the focusing transducer with center frequency of approximately 35MHz fabricated in this study showed very wide bandwidth, which could give an axial spatial resolution better than $30{\mu}m$ in B-mode image for biological tissues.