• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1723-1729
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• 2016

디지털 워터마킹은 강인성과 투명성, 용량에 대한 세 개의 서로 직교하는 성능 특성으로 간주되는 최적의 균형 값을 찾기 위해 시도된다. 따라서 본 논문은 다양한 공격에 강인하고 비지각적인 워터마크 내장을 위해서 여러 주파수 대역에 다중-바코드를 내장하는 워터마크 기법을 제안한다. 그리고 다양한 주파수 대역에 중복된 바코드 워터마크 내장 기법은 다양한 공격에 영상의 내장된 워터마크가 남아있을 가능성이 높아 강인성을 만족할 수 있으나 많은 양의 중복된 바코드 데이터의 내장은 비지각성에서 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 워터마크의 요구 조건인 강인성과 비시각성의 서로 상반되는 특징을 만족시키기 위해서 주파수 대역별 바코드 데이터의 값을 변경하여 영상에 포함시킨다. 실험 결과, 본 논문에서 제안된 기법의 소유권 인증은 특별한 하드웨어 장치를 요구하지 않고 추출된 워터마크를 모바일 앱의 바코드 스캐너를 통해서 손쉽게 인증하여 낮은 복잡도와 저비용, 빠른 검증을 지원한다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effects of liquid culture of Agaricus blazei Murill on the weight gains, food efficiency ratios, serum protein and mineral levels, and serum enzyme activities in growing male rats. Sprague-Dawley rats (7 weeks old) were given four different types of diets for a succeeding period of 6 weeks, respectively: a normal diet group, a control diet group (normal diet + 15％ lard + 0.5％ cholesterol), a 30％ or 40％ A. blazei diet groups (control diet + 30％ or 40％ A. blazei in water) according to the levels of A. blazei supplementation. The body weight gains, food efficiency ratios, and the liver of the rats fed control diet, 30％ or 40％ A. blazei diets were significantly increased compared to rats fed the normal diet, but those of rats fed the 30％ and 40％ A. blazei diets were similar to those of rats fed the control diet. The concentrations of total protein, albumin, glucose, and hematocrit value in serum of rats fed the control diet, 30％ or 40％ A. blazei diets were similar to those of rats fed the normal diet. The concentrations of urea and creatinine in serum of rats fed the 30％ or 40％ A. blazei diets were similar to those of rats fed the control diet. but the urea of rats fed the 30％ and 40％ A. blazei diets were significantly decreased compared to rats fed the normal diet. The concentrations of Ca, P, Fe and Mg, and $Ca^{++}$, $K^+$, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ of rats fed the control diet, 30％ or 40％ A. blazei diets were similar to those of rats fed the normal diet. There were no differences in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, $\gamma$-glutamyltranspeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in the serum among the experimental groups. In conclusion, the rats fed the A. blazei maintained normal protein and mineral levels, and enzyme activities of serum. But the A. blazei feeding could not decrease the body and liver weights in the rats fed high cholesterol diets.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2015

Korea's modern waterworks began with construction of DDukdo water treatment plant in 1908 and has been growing rapidly along with the country's economic development. As a result, water supply rates have reached 98.5% based on 2013. Despite multilateral efforts for high-quality water supply, such as introduction of advanced water treatment process, expansion of waterworks infrastructure and so on, distrust for drinking tap water has been continuing and domestic consumption rate of tap water is in around 5% level and extremely poor comparing to advanced countries such as the United States(56%), Japan(52%), etc. Recently, the water management has been facing the new phase due to water environmental degradation caused by climate change, aging facilities, etc. Therefore, K-water has converted water management paradigm from the "clean and safe water" to the "healthy water" and been pushing the Smart Water City(SWC) Pilot Project in order to develop and spread new water supply models for consumers to believe and drink tap water through systematic water quality and quantity management combining ICT in the whole water supply process. The SWC pilot projects in Pa-ju city and Go-ryeong county were an opportunity to check the likelihood of the "smart water management" as the answer to future water management. It is needed to examine the necessity of smart water management introduction and nationwide SWC expansion in order to improve water welfare for people and resolve domestic & foreign water problems.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2009

Various cultural practices have been promoted as management options for enhancing soil quality and health. The use of soil management methods can cause changes in fertility by affecting soil chemical properties. This study aimed to evaluate interactions between soil chemical properties and soil management methods in protected cultivation, and to classify soil management methods that similarly affect soil chemical properties. Water-logging and irrigation reduced soil pH and available $P_2O_5$ content. Application of animal manures has a positive effect on levels of organic matter, Av.$P_2O_5$, K, Zn, and Cu. The electrical conductivites tened to be low in the application of organic amendments, including rice and wood residues. Deeper plowing caused a reduction in Ca content. Practicing soil nutrient-considering fertilization and fertigation did not exert an influence on nutrient element contents. In a cluster analysis of the soil management methods according to major nutrients, low similarities were found with deeper plowing and crop rotation with rice in comparison with other practices. In a cluster analysis by minor nutrient characteristics, crop rotation and application of animal manures and rice residues were linked at a high Ward's distance, while other practices were found to be relatively low distinct. Each soil management method has a similar or different effect on soil chemical properties. These results suggest the necessity of establishing limits and standards according to the effects of soil management methods on soil chemical properties for economic soil practices.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.354-364
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine whether dietary factors could be related with serum adiponectin concentrations in 243, year-three female university students living in Seoul. The mean of body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin levels of all subjects were $20.17kg/m^2$ and $11.07{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. When the subjects were divided into 3 groups based on BMI (underweight: < 18.5, normal: $18.5{\leq}&lt;23$, overweight and obesity: ${\geq}23$), serum adiponectin levels in underweight group was significantly higher than that in 'normal' or 'overweight and 'obesity' groups. Also when the subjects were divided into two groups by mean adequacy ratio (MAR), serum adiponectin concentration of the high MAR group (MAR > 75) was slightly higher than that the low MAR group ($MAR{\leq}75$). Serum adiponectin levels showed a negative correlation with body weight (p < 0.01) or BMI (p < 0.001) and a positive correlation with intakes of of animal or total protein (please clarify) or vegetable protein.Among the dietary behaviors, serum adiponectin levels of females who answered 'yes' to the question about 'eating breakfast' was significantly higher than that of those who answered 'sometimes' or 'No' (p < 0.05) and serum adiponectin levels were higher among those who reported higher fruit intakes. Overall, our results suggested that healthy lifestyle including acceptable BMI, eating breakfast and higher fruit consumption might play an important role in the prevention of obesity and enhancement of blood adiponectin levels.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Stress-induced cognitive impairment is related to the suppression of hippocampal neurogenesis that results from an increase of oxidative stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of administration of a blueberry drink, having a high antioxidant power, on the cognitive performance of adult rats exposed to chronic mild stress. MATERIALS/METHODS: Twelve-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were randomly divided into four groups: control (CO), stress (ST), control + 5% blueberry drink (CO + B), and stress + 5% blueberry drink (ST + B). After eight weeks, the cognitive performance was assessed using a multiple T-maze water test. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and ascorbic acid were measured in the brain, and catecholamine concentrations were measured in plasma. RESULTS: The brain weights of the rats from the ST and ST + B groups were significantly lower than those of the rats from the CO and CO + B groups. The cognitive performance of the ST group was impaired when compared to that of the CO group. This impairment was significantly improved by the blueberry drink supplementation (P < 0.05). The brain SOD and CAT concentrations were not influenced by the stress or by the blueberry drink. However, the brain levels of GPx and ascorbic acid were significantly lower in the ST group than those in the CO group and were increased by the blueberry drink supplementation. The plasma catecholamine concentrations were affected by chronic mild stress and by the blueberry drink. The plasma norepinephrine and dopamine concentrations were decreased by the chronic stress and improved by the blueberry drink supplementation. The plasma epinephrine level was only influenced by the stress. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the blueberry drink may protect against the cognitive impairment induced by chronic mild stress.

• 약학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.274-280
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• 2009

To survey the status of quality control of major ingredients of 'Ssanghwatang (Oriental medicine used for fatigue)', we analyzed 1,024 samples (9 kinds) of medical herbs to determine amounts of ashes, acid-insoluble ashes, loss on drying that are major elements to ensure basic quality of herbal drugstuffs. After ash analysis, Paeoniae Radix (from China) failed to meet the herbal standard criterion. After yielding Z-score(indicating the probability of exceeding its criterion) Zizyphi Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata became objects of intense quality control (=IQC). Analysis on loss on drying shows Cinnamomi Cortex was unsuitable and was put under the IQC. In case of respective heavy metals, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex exceeded the maximum permissible range for Cd. The 3 kinds of sub-standards were put to the IQC. Statistic figures showed a significant correlation (t-test, p<0.01) between country-of-origin and sub-quality rates. Compared to domestic one, imported medicinal herbs were less suitable in regard of acid-insoluble ash, loss on drying and Pb/Hg content. Meanwhile, amounts of Acid-insoluble ash showed positive relation with amounts of Pb (r=0.202) and As (r=0.243) among heavy metals leading to an inference that herbs of which root/rhizome is used for medical purposes attribute its high heavy metal content to the fine earth/sand being stuck to its root stalk.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1996

환경시료 중 토양에 대한 방사성 스트론튬인 $^{89}Sr$와 $^{90}Sr$의 분석을 위해 Ca과 Sr을 분리하기 위한 방법으로 Crown ether를 이용한 추출방법을 사용하여 기존의 발연질산법과 비교하여 보았다. Crown ether를 이용한 추출방법을 기존의 발연질산법과 비교하여 보았을 때 높은 Sr 수율을 보였을 뿐만 아니라 분석에 소요되는 시간과 절차가 훨씬 빠르고 간단했다. Crown ether을 이용한 추출방법으로 원전주변 토양에 대한 방사성 스트론튬의 분석을 수행하였으며, 방사성핵종 분석에 의한 환경감시의 효율적인 수행을 위한 스트른튬 분석법을 제시하였다

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.583-594
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• 2005

이 연구에서는 진자에 대한 중학생들의 개념을 조사하고 그네를 타는 근운동 체험으로 불일치 자료를 제시하고 인지갈등 정도 및 개념변화를 살펴보았다. 다수의 학생들은 단진자에 작용하는 합력에 대해 진자 운동의 양 끝 주변에서는 운동궤도를 따라 표현하며 중심 부근에서는 힘이 없다고 하였다. 그 이유를 설명할 때 많이 고려하는 힘의 종류는 중력,운동방향으로의 힘, 그리고 장력이었다. 모든 학생들이 관찰 결과가 자신들의 예상과 다르다는 것을 인정하고 활동을 매우 즐거워하였지만 인지갈등 정도는 그다지 높지 않았다. 인지갈등 요소별로 보면 '흥미'가 가장 높았으며, '불안'이 현저하게 낮았다. 직후 사후 검사와 지연 사후 검사에서 대부분의 학생들이 관찰했던 합력의 방향은 잘 기억하게 되었으나 그 이유를 잘 이해하고 옳게 진술한 학생은 소수였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2006

The study investigated the hygienic practice attitudes of 500 housewives living in the Seoul area through survey. The suey questionnaire evaluated general information, purchasing behaviors, 4 parts of hygienic practice attitude and the associated factors. The subjects were mostly full-time housewives aged in their $30{\sim}40's$, high school graduates from middle-class families who had been married for $6{\sim}10$ years. The mean score for hygienic practice attitude was 2.9 out of 5 point scale, representing a fairly low hygienic practice attitude except for food preparation area(3.4 pt.). Factors affecting hygienic practice attitude were age, occupation, and marriage term. Practice attitude was positively correlated with age (p<0.01). Full-time housewives had better practice attitude. Housewives with <5 and >26 years of marriage showed inferior practice attitude (p<0.05). In addition, food purchasing behaviors were strongly related to hygienic practice attitude. Housewives gathering hygiene information from mass media maintained a significantly higher practice attitude (p<0.05), and so did the housewives focusing on 'nutrition' and 'freshness' when fish and frozen foods were purchased (p<0.05). In contrast, housewives focusing on cost had a significantly lower practice attitude (p<0.05). In conclusion, the level of hygienic practice attitude of housewives was fairly low and was affected by age, occupation status, marriage term and several aspects of purchasing behaviors. Therefore, it is extremely important to conduct training and education for housewives to improve their hygienic practice attitude and awareness of hygiene.