• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.101-106
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• 1979

Giemsa C-banding analysis with Korean rye strain revealed that individual chromosomes had characteristic banding patterns making it possible to distinguish the seven rye chromosomes one from another. It seems to be evident that B-chromosomes in rye contain proportionally more heterochromatin than autosomes.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1997.10b
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• pp.302.1-302
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• 1997

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.21-33
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chlorambucil on the mouse Leydig cell by electron microscopy. Chlorambucil suspended in the 0.5N sodium bicarbonate(pH 8.0) was injected I.P.(intraperitoneal) at a dosage of level 20mg/kg for 1 weeks, 3 weeks and 5 weeks, respectively. The results obtained from this experiment are as follows: 1. One week after the administration of chlorambucil, there was an increase in heterochromatin, swelling and cristae disruption in some mitochondria, mild vacuolation between cells and the occurrence of membrane bound inclusions in some nuclei. 2. After 3 weeks, smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilations, cytoplasmic vacuolation, mitochondrial swelling, inner mitochondrial cristae disruption, membranous whorls, and intranuclear inclusions were observed in the treated cells. 3. After 5 weeks of treatment, most mitochondria were swollen and their membranes were severely disrupted. Further, smooth endoplasmic reticulum dilations and vacuolation of the cytoplasm were apparent in the treated Leydig cells. In addition numerous membranous whorls and intranuclear inclusion bodies were present. The nuclei displayed invaginatons of the nuclear membrane and large clumps of heterochromatin. From these results it is concluded the longer the duration of chlorambucil administration, the greater the degeneration of the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-49
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• 1987

Using ³H-proline as a radioactive tracer, the relationship between the ultrastructural differentiation and the site of protein synthesis has been investigated in developing red blood corpuscles. The general ultra-structure of erythropoietic cells in differentiation after 60 minutes of in vitro labeling has confirmed the results from previous investigations by Bessis, M., Thiery, J. and others. In dividing nuclei more than two-thirds of the labeling were present at the interface between heterochromatin and euchromatin. In less differentiated cells most of the grains in interphase cells was localized over the nucleus. As the cells continued to develope beyond a stage where cytoplasmic density was clearly increased over other cell lines in bone marrow, the majority of grains localized over the cytoplasmic area was decreased in more mature cells, as judged by the density of cytoplasm, and the structural changes in mitochondria, Golgi complex and polysomal configurations. These results show; 1) that the cytoplasm of erythroblast series does not change under in vitro conditions employed in the study; 2) that protein synthesis in the nucleus occurs largely at the interface between euchromatin and heterochromatin in active nuclei; and 3) that cytoplasmic synthesis of proteins continues to take place well into the normoblast stage solong as the physically visible polysomes are present in maturing red blood corpuscles.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2008

Human chromosome 9 is characterized by a high degree of morphologic heteromorphisms, including variation in the size of the heterochromatin. We present a case of a de novo short arm addition of chromosome 9, [46, XY, add(9)(p13)], associated with multiple anomalies, including trigonocephaly, upward slant of the palpebral fissures, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, umbilical hernia, ambiguous genitalia, and sensorineural hearing and visual loss. This mutation affects the pericentric region of the heterochromatin. This patient exhibited a clinically important breakpoint of the heterochromatic region of chromosome 9 short arm and the associated anomalies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.205-216
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• 1995

This study was examined chromosome structure of kidney, fin, blood cell, sexual organ that were differently examined chromosome of a good cell activity from organ, medium, staining methods, instruments with rainbow trout 100. And so we obtained following conclusion. 1. The difference from each organ and medium is that a good cell activity of fin, kidney, sexual organ were obtained in TC-199 medium and a good cell activity in TC-199 medium+PHA(5%). 2. In the difference by staining methods, G-banding and C-banding were analyzed by electron microscope or cytoscan. Among them, heterochromatin of centromere analyzed by C-banding. 3. The zygotene and the leptotene were analyzed in this study. 4. Karyotype, heterochromatin and each stage of cell division were clearly analyzed by cytoscan.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1990

The comparative karyological analysis of the Korean treefrogs, Hyla japonica and Hyla suweonensis, were performed by C-banding method. Heteromorphic sex chromosomes, female heterogamety, has been identified in the 3rd chromosomes of H. suweonensis H. suweonensis seem to have sex chromosomes which are Zz/ZW type. The Z chromosomes contain large amount of constitutive heterochromatin, but little heterochromatin is located in the W chromosomes. This is in contrast to all previously known amphibian and most other vertebrate's W or Y chromosomes, except Gastrotheca oui'ern and G. walken (Schmid et al., 1988).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.361-368
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• 2009

This study was carried out to establish the standard karyotype of Jeju horse by G-, C- and AgNOR-banding patterns. Blood samples were collected from 37 Jeju horses and 24 Thoroughbred that had been raised at the National Institute of Subtropical Agriculture in Jeju. The lymphocytes were cultured in vitro and then chromosomes prepared. The diploid chromosome number of Jeju horse is 64, which consists of 31 pairs of autosomes and X, Y sex chromosomes. The Jeju horse has 13 pairs of metacentric/submetacentric and 18 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. The X chromosome is the fifth largest submetacentric, while the Y chromosome is one of the smallest acrocentric chromosomes. The G-banding pattern of Jeju horse chromosomes showed a light band at centromeres in all autosomes, and also exhibited a typical and identical banding pattern in each homologous chromosome. Overall chromosomal morphology and positions of typical landmarks of the Jeju horse were virtually identical to those of International Committee for the Standardization of the Domestic Horse Karyotype. C-bands of Jeju horse chromosomes appeared on centromeres of almost all autosomes, but chromosome 8 showed a heterochromatin heteromorphism. The NORs in Jeju horse chromosomes showed polymorphic patterns within breed, individuals and cells. By the AgNOR staining, the NORs were located at the terminal of p-arm on chromosome 1 and near centromeres on the chromosome 26 and 31. The mean number of NORs per metaphase was 4.68 in Jeju horse.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1975

To investigate ultrastructural characteristics of cancer cell nucleus, 29 cases of malignant tumors of 9 different types were examined. The common findings were marked irregularity of nuclear membrane with pronounced infoldings, clumping of heterochromatin along inner nuclear membrane, enlargement and disturbance of configuration and composition of nucleolus, and frequent observations of nuclear bodies and nuclear inclusions. These findings confirm what have been observed by light microscopy, and are also the signes that can be observed in hyperactive cells. Thus, ultrastructural characteristics of cancerous nucleus are the great variability of nuclear size, shape and composition, but none of them appear to be specific.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1989

This experiment was conducted to improve the performance of chickens by the precise separation and analysis of chromosomes which are integrated genetic materials, and by the use of gene manipulation techniques. Following are the main results obtained. 1. When the chromosomes were separated through the leucocyte culture and analyzed by Giemsa banding techniques (especially by the method in which 20 layers of banding patterns could be found in chromosome ＃1), the normal Patterns of chromosomes ＃l-9 and sex chromosomes, and the location of constitutive heterochromatin without any gene activities in all chromosomes were discovered. 2. To utilize the primodial germ cells (PGC) as the genetic vector which is one of the most important gene manipulation techniques, PGC's from triploid were transplanted to normal host embryos. Since the donor PGC's(3n) were found in the gonads of growing host embryos gene manipulation in poultry using PGC's, seemed to be possible.