• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.580-588
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate the impact of energy and access methods on extrahepatic tumor spreading and the ablation zone in an ex vivo subcapsular tumor mimic model with a risk of extrahepatic tumor spreading. Materials and Methods: Forty-two tumor-mimics were created in bovine liver blocks by injecting a mixture of iodine contrast material just below the liver capsule. Radiofrequency (RF) ablations were performed using an electrode placed parallel or perpendicular to hepatic surface through the tumor mimic with low- and high-power protocols (groups 1 and 2, respectively). Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed before and after ablation. The presence of contrast leak on the hepatic surface on CT, size of ablation zone, and timing of the first roll-off and popping sound were compared between the groups. Results: With parallel access, one contrast leak in group 1 (1/10, 10%) and nine in group 2 (9/10, 90%) (p < 0.001) were identified on post-ablation CT. With perpendicular access, six contrast leaks were identified in each group (6/11, 54.5%). The first roll-off and popping sound were significantly delayed in group 1 irrespective of the access method (p = 0.002). No statistical difference in the size of the ablation zone of the liver specimen was observed between the two groups (p = 0.247). Conclusion: Low-power RF ablation with parallel access is proposed to be effective and safe from extrahepatic tumor spreading in RF ablation of a solid hepatic tumor in the subcapsular location. Perpendicular placement of an electrode to the capsule is associated with a risk of extrahepatic tumor spreading regardless of the power applied.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.235-237
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• 2017

Hepatic hemangioma is the most frequently occurring benign tumor of the liver. Hepatic hemangioma rupture is a rare phenomenon, which can lead to life-threatening conditions. Here, we report a case of hepatic hemangioma rupture caused by blunt trauma. Explorative laparotomy was performed due to unstable vital signs and abdominal massive hemoperitoneum revealed on computed tomography. We detected arterial bleeding from a hepatic hemangioma and performed primary suture of the liver and postoperative angiographic embolization.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2000

Inhibitory effects of the methanol extract, hexane extract, methanol soluble fraction (MSF) and juice from 3 weeks fermented Kimchi on the tumor formation in sarcoma-180 cell transplanted mice were studied. Effects of the solvent extracts and juice of the Kimchi on the levels of lipid peroxide, glutathione, and the enzyme activities of the liver were also investigated in normal and sarcoma-180 cell transplanted mice. At 32 days following trans-plantation, MSF reduced the tumor formation by 54% compared with the control group, resulting in the smallest tumor weight. Lipid peroxided content in liver increased by the transplantation of sarcoma-180 cells. However, it decreased when MSF of Kimchi was treated to the mice. MSF also suppressed xanthine oxidase activity in cytosol of the liver cells in mice transplanted by sarcoma-180 cells. Kimchi extracts had no inhibitory effect on hepatic aminopyrine-N-demethylase activity in sarcoma-180 cell transplanted or normal mice. Methanol extract and hexane extract of Kimchi slightly increased hepatic glutathione contents in sarcoma-180 treated mice. The injection of MSF from Kimchi markedly increased glutathione levels in the liver of sarcoma-180 treated mice. The injection of MSF from Kimchi markedly increased glutathione levels in the liver of sarcoma-180 treated mice compared to the controls. The MSF recovered the activities of hepatic glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase that decreased by the injection of sarcoma-180 cells. These results showed that MSF of Kimchi could suppress the growth of tumors, inhibiting lipid peroxide production and xanthine oxidase activity, in mice. We also suggested that Kimchi extract might play an important role in the prevention of cancer by enhancement of the glutathione level itself as well as via glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3627-3630
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• 2012

The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a pan-epithelial differentiation antigen that is expressed on almost all carcinomas. However, a role in rat liver carcinogenesis has never been reported previously. Thus, its expression was investigated herein in rat liver tumors induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Twenty male 5-week-old F344 rats were used in this experiment. Mini-osmotic pumps containing doses of 47.5 mg of DEN were inserted into the abdominal cavity of each animal to initiate liver carcinogenesis. All animals were sacrificed at 26 weeks after DEN treatment. At necropsy, hepatic masses were processed for histopathological examination, which revealed forty-four hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) and twenty hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Tumors were immunohistochemically analyzed for EpCAM, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and co-localization of the two. EpCAM expression was mainly detected in hepatic tumor cells, showing a cytoplasmic staining pattern. However, expression was also slightly observed in normally-appearing surrounding hepatic cells. PCNA expression was highly detected in tumor cells, showing nuclear staining. Double staining of EpCAM and PCNA in tumors showed many cells with co-localization. Taken together, EpCAM and PCNA expression were increased in DEN-induced tumors and many tumor cells showed co-expression. It is suggested that EpCAM may increase during DEN-induced tumors, possibly associated with cell proliferation.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.134-143
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• 2008

Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma (IHHE) is the most common benign vascular hepatic tumor in children. We analyzed the 17-year experience of IHHE. The medical records of 16 patients (M:F=8:8) treated at the Department of Pediatric Surgery and the Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Children's Hospital between January 1991 and January 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Mean age at presentation was 87 days (1 day - 551 days). Seventy five percent of patients were diagnosed with imaging study and 25 % with biopsy. Major symptoms were hepatomegaly (N=5), palpable abdominal mass (N=4) and congestive heart failure (N=3). Six patients had no symptoms. Kasabach-Merritt syndrome was combined in one patient. Nine patients (56.3 %) underwent operation and 2 patients (12.5 %) underwent only medical treatment. Clinical observation was tried on 5 patients (31.3 %) without any treatment. Operation was performed on the patient with clinical symptoms or on patients where the differentiation between begin and malignant could not be determined. Patients who had clinical symptoms but tumor was unreresectabile were treated medically. Among the 5 patients who had been observed for their clinical course, 2 patients showed complete regression and the tumors of the remaining 3 patients were regressing. Clinical symptoms, the age at presentation, the size of tumor and ${\alpha}$-FP, all had no significant statistical relationship with the time required for complete tumor regression. There was no relationship between the size change of the tumor and the change of ${\alpha}$-FP level. Only the size of tumor was related with clinical symptoms. One patient died of post-operatvie bleeding. Treatment plan was determined by the extent of the tumor and the presence of clinical symptoms. Observation was enough for the patients without clinical symptoms and complete resection was curative for patients with clinical symptoms. Medical treatment is an alternative for the patient whose tumor is unresectable.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.487-498
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• 2016

Leptin, an adipokine predominantly produced from adipose tissue, is well known to induce tumor growth. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are not established yet. While p53 has long been well recognized as a potent tumor suppressor gene, accumulating evidence has also indicated its potential role in growth and survival of cancer cells depending on experimental environments. In the present study, we examined if p53 signaling is implicated in leptin-induced growth of cancer cells. Herein, we demonstrated that leptin treatment significantly increased p53 protein expression in both hepatic (HepG2) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells without significant effect on mRNA expression. Enhanced p53 expression by leptin was mediated via modulation of ubiquitination, in particular ubiquitin specific protease 2 (USP2)-dependent manner. Furthermore, gene silencing of p53 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) suppressed leptin-induced growth of hepatic and breast cancer cells, indicating the role of p53 signaling in tumor growth by leptin. In addition, we also showed that knockdown of p53 restored suppression of caspase-3 activity by leptin through modulating Bax expression and prevented leptin-induced cell cycle progression, implying the involvement of p53 signaling in the regulation of both apoptosis and cell cycle progression in cancer cells treated with leptin. Taken together, the results in the present study demonstrated the potential role of p53 signaling in leptin-induced tumor growth.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제79권6호
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• pp.348-353
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• 2018

간의 가성 림프종은 비종양성 림프구의 절 외 과다증식에 의해 형성되는 드문 양성 종양이다. 검색한 바에 따르면 현재까지 영문으로 46예가 보고되었다. 우리는 75세 여자환자에서 과혈관성 종양으로 오인된 간의 가성 림프종 증례를 보고하고자 한다. 조직검사상 직장의 신경내분비 암종이 진단된 후 시행한 조영증강 전산화단층촬영에서 1.0 cm 크기의 경계가 불분명하고 낮은 감쇄를 보이는 결절이 간에 관찰되었다. 자기공명영상에서는 동맥 조영기에 조영 증강을 보이고, 20분 지연기 조영 영상에서 저신호 강도를 보이며, 확산강조영상에서 고신호 강도를 보였다. Fluorodeoxyglucose (이하 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT에서는 FDG의 섭취 증가를 보였다. 초음파에서는 저에코성 병변으로 관찰되었고, 초음파 유도 하 조직검사를 통하여 간의 가성 림프종으로 확진 되었다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2019

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressive malignancy common in young male patient. Typical imaging features of DSRCT include multiple soft tissue masses in the peritoneal cavity, omentum, or mesentery without an organ of origin. This report presents a rare manifestation of DSRCT revealing a solitary large retroperitoneal mass with hepatic metastasis and malignant portal vein thrombosis in 70-year-old women together with the review of literature. The tumor showed a hemorrhagic and necrotic mass with peripheral portion of T2 hypo-intensity and delayed enhancement that indicated desmoplastic stroma with dense cellularity.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.53-56
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• 2018

Computed tomography (CT) findings of hepatic adenoma in veterinary medicine are variable and unlike in human medicine, not defined clearly. A 12-year-old neutered male Shih Tzu presented after a seizure, with weight loss, salivation, and cachexia. An abdominal mass was identified on radiography, and ultrasonographic images showed a mixed echo pattern with marked vascularity. CT showed that the mass originated from caudate lobe, was heterogeneously hypoattenuated compared with the hepatic parenchyma, and had irregular margins. Contrast enhanced CT showed that the mass enhanced like the surrounding liver parenchyma. However, it contained unenhanced areas and enhanced vessels were observed in the arterial phase at the periphery of the mass. The margins of mass were more enhanced in the venous phase than the arterial phase and the hypoattenuating regions within the mass were not enhanced. Greater enhancing in the venous phase is seen with adenomas; however, the heterogeneous enhancement pattern, especially the marginal vascular enhancement and internal hypoattenuating regions, is seen with malignancy. Although this is a single case of hepatic adenoma, the atypical enhanced pattern of this case can provide useful information to predict the malignancy of primary liver tumor.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권sup1호
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• pp.60-65
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• 2008

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary tumor in the liver. FDG PET has been applied for staging and treatment planning of hepatocellular carcinoma. It could reflect tumor prognosis because glucose metabolism assessed by FDG PET is known to have correlations with the differentiation and aggressiveness of the tumor. Although the ability of FDG PET to detect well-differentiated or low grade tumors and intra-hepatic lesions is not good, it is expected to playa major role in pre-surgical assessments for liver transplantation because it is useful in detecting extra-hepatic lesions and unexpected distant metastases with a better diagnostic performance than other conventional imaging modalities. Additionally, FDG PET has an advantage to screen other cancers through whole body scanning. As a new tracer for PET, Acetate demonstrates higher sensitivity and specificity to FDG in evaluating hepatocellular carcinoma. It thus seems that simultaneous use of Acetate PET with FDG PET could be helpful in diagnosis, especially detecting extra-hepatic metastases.