• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.417-420
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• 2005

To investigate the anti-obesitic effect of FD extract which consisted of Mori radicis Cortex, Hoelen, Pueraria radix, Schizonepetae spica, Carthami Flos, Bupleuri radix and Saposhnikoviae radix in high-fat diet-fed female lean Zucker rats. Obesity was induced by feeding high-lipid diet contained $3\%$ corn oil and $1\%$ cholesterol for 8 weeks, in which FD extract was added to the diet for treatment group. The rats fed on the high fat diet showed increased gain of body weights, leading to enhanced feed efficiency ratio. Moreover high-fat diet induced hepatic lipid peroxidation and hyperlipemia. The body weight, food efficiency ratio and lipid peroxidation in the liver was decreased as compared with the rats fed on the high fat diet by FD extract. With all such changes, the blood biochemistry about lipid was, if anything, risen. These results suggest that FD extract was supposed to have effective ingredients for improving obesity for controlling adipose tissue.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton var. (PF) sprout is a plant of the labiate family. We have previously reported the protective effects of PF sprout extract on cytokine-induced ${\beta}-cell$ damage. However, the mechanism of action of the PF sprout extract in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has not been investigated. The present study was designed to study the effects of PF sprout extract and signaling mechanisms in the T2DM mice model using C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male db/db mice were orally administered PF sprout extract (100, 300, and 1,000 mg/kg of body weight) or rosiglitazone (RGZ, positive drug, 1 mg/kg of body weight) for 4 weeks. Signaling mechanisms were analyzed using liver tissues and HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The PF sprout extract (300 and 1,000 mg/kg) significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in db/db mice. PF sprout extract also significantly improved glucose intolerance and insulin sensitivity, decreased hepatic gluconeogenic protein expression, and ameliorated histological alterations of the pancreas and liver. Levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression also increased in the liver after treatment with the extract. In addition, an increase in the phosphorylation of AMPK and decrease in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose 6-phosphatase proteins in HepG2 cells were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results sugges that PF sprout displays beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes via modulation of the AMPK pathway and inhibition of gluconeogenesis in the liver.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.438-443
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• 2006

This trial was designed to study the caponization effects on the appearance, carcass characteristics, blood constituents and lipid metabolism of Taiwan country chicken cockerels. Cockerels were caponized at 8 weeks of age. Sixteen-week-old chickens, including 10 capons, 5 slips (incomplete caponized male chickens) and 20 normal chickens of equal sexes were selected for a 10 week ad libitum feeding trial. Results showed that the testosterone concentrations in the capons and females were lower (p<0.05) than that of intact males. The comb length, height and weights were also lower (p<0.05). The weight of the slips was between that of the capons and intact males, but was heavier (p<0.05) than that of the capon. The live-weight, carcass weight and shank perimeter in the capons were higher than those of the other groups (p<0.05). Hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity analyses showed that NADP-malic dehydrogenase (MDH) activity in the capons and female chickens was higher than that in intact male chickens (p<0.05). The MDH activity in the slips was between that for the capon and intact male chickens (p>0.05). The abdominal fat weight and relative abdominal fat weight of the capons and females were heavier than that for intact males (p<0.05); the slips were between the capons and intact males. The blood lipid content results showed that the triacylglycerol and cholesterol in the capons were higher than that for intact males (p<0.05). However, the percentage of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was lower than that in intact male chickens (p<0.05). It appears that the increase in lipid accumulation in caponized male chickens is attributed mainly to an increase in MDH activity and the changes in lipid transportation in the capons.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.208-212
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• 2012

In the present study, we examined whether four grains including adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW), glutinous barley (GB), and white rice (WR) affect the duration of food residence in the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic enzyme activities in rats fed different combinations of the grains. The rats were raised for 4 weeks on a high fat diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93G) diets containing 1% cholesterol and 20% dietary lipids. Forty male rats were divided into four groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the grains. Corresponding to the dietary fiber contents of the experimental grains, gut transit time was shortest in the rats fed GB and increased in the order of BW, AD, and WR. In addition, the accumulated shortest transit time occurred in the GB group. Gut transit time affected weight gain and major organ weight, as it was closely related to the absorption of nutrients. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in liver was higher in rats fed WR, AD, BW, and GB, indicating that the other grains decreased oxidative stress in vivo more than WR. Glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase levels in the AD, BW, and GB groups were significantly higher than those in the WR group. In conclusion, reduced colonic transit time has been implicated in reducing the incidence of colon cancer, as evidenced by populations consuming diets rich in fiber. Whole grains such as AD, BW, and GB may contribute to a significant supply of antioxidants to prevent oxidative stress if they are consumed in large amounts.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2005

The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) on growth performance and body fat metabolism in broiler chickens. A total of 48 male birds aged 3 days were randomly allotted into three dietary groups; CORN(com oil 1.5%), CLA I (com oil 0.75 %+ CLA 0.75 %) and CLA II(CLA 1.5%) groups. After feeding commercial diet ad libitum for 3 weeks, eight selected birds on the basis of body weight were housed, two birds in a cage, and continuously given ad libitum corresponding experimental diet for another 2 weeks. As a result, dietary addition of CLA did not influence on body weight, gain and feed conversion rote. The relative weights of the liver and deposited fats(abdominal and thigh fat' pads) were not also affected by the dietary treatments. Serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels markedly( P < 0.05) decreased in CLA II compared with those in CORN group. However, serum nonesterified fatty acid(NEFA) was not altered by dietary CLA. Serum leptin level was tended to be decreased by dietary CLA without statistical difference. The diet supplemented with CLA caused a significant(P< 0.05) decrease in hepatic total lipid and NEFA without changing triglyceride level. Also, feeding dietary CLA at the level of 1.5% reduced leptin mRNA expression in the liver and abdominal fats compared with feeding com oil, In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary 1.5% CLA may affect, at least in part, lipid metabolism in the liver of broiler chickens.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.194-203
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• 2005

This study was peformed to investigate effect of feeding experimental mixture containing chitosan, hibiscus extract and L-carnitine on body weight and lipid metabolism in rats. Forty-eight male rats(Charles River CD) of eight weeks old and weighing $336.5{\pm}2.3g$ were raised for five weeks with high fat diet(40% fat as calorie) to induce obesity. After induction of obesity, rats weighing $560.4{\pm}5.6g$ were blocked into four groups according to body weight and raised for eight weeks with diet containing either 0.09%(+1D group), 0.9%(+10D group) or 4.5%(+50D group) of experimental mixture. Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT), total protein and albumin were normal levels in plasma. Body weight gain and epididymal fat pad weight were lower in experimental mixture groups than control group However, weights of perirenal fat pad and brown adipose tissue were not significantly different among all groups. There was no significant difference in plasma and hepatic lipid levels among all groups. Liver citrate lyase and camitine acyltransferase activities were not significantly different among all groups, however, citrate lyase activity was tended to be decreased with increasing experimental mixture level in diet. Fecal total lipid and total cholesterol excretions were highest in +50D group, and triglyceride excretion was highest in +1D group. in conclusion, intake of experimental mixture containing chitosan, hibiscus extract and L-camitine was effective in reducing body weight and body fat, and its inhibitory effects might lead to obesity improvement.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.472-477
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• 1996

간장해에 미치는 녹각의 효과를 밝힐 목적으로 녹각을 성분별로 추출 분리하여 급여하고 galactosamine으로 간장해를 유도한 후 녹각추출물이 간기능 유지에 관여하는 효소활성 및 지질 대사에 미치는 영향을 생화학적 측면에서 고찰하였다. Cytochrome P-450은 녹각추출물 급여로 증가하였으며 갈락토사민 투여로 감소하였으나 neutral-ext.군에서 높은 증가를 보였다. Glutathione peroxidase 활성은 갈락토사민 투여로 감소하였으나, 녹각 추출물 급여로 활성이 증가하였다. 간조직의 글루타티올 함량은 녹각추출물 급여로 유의적 변동이 없었으며 갈락토사민 투여로 감소하였다. 과산화지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 각각의 녹각추출물 급여군에서 감소하여 특히 water-ext. 군에서 감소정도가 가장 현저하였다. 간조직중의 총 지방질, 총 콜레스테롤 및 트리글리세리드의 함량은 대조군에 비해 각각의 녹각추출물 급여군에서 감소하였으며, water-ext.군에서 가장 많이 하게 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 녹각의 water-ext.과 neutral-ext.에 함유되어 있는 성분이 간기능 유지에 관여하는 효소합성 증가를 통해 활성증가를 유도하고, 이로써 독성의 대사를 촉진시키므로 간독성을 예방할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 이와 같은 녹각추출물의 작용이 생체에 흡수되어진 xenobiotics의 해독작용과 연관될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of plums produced in Gimcheon area on the glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic control, Diabetes-low plum (containing 10% plum powder), and Diabetes-high plum (containing 20% plum powder). The animals were fed isocaloric experimental diets based on an AIN-76 diet for 6 weeks. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) of the diabetic groups were significantly lower than that of the control. On the other hand, among the diabetic groups, the FER of the high plum intake group was higher than that of the diabetic control. The liver weight per 100 g body weight of each group was similar but the liver weights tended to decrease as the amount of plum intake was increased. Kidney weight per 100 g body weight of the plum intake groups were significantly different compared to that of the diabetic control. The supplementation of plums lowered the fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic groups and improved the glucose tolerance, thereby lowering the glycosylated hemoglobin index. In addition, the supplementation of plum was lowered the blood total cholesterol concentration and increased the HDL-C/TC (%) significantly, thereby lowering the atherosclerotic index (AI) and hepatic peroxide level. A steady diet of plums produced in Gimcheon may be effective in controlling the blood glucose level and preventing chronic diabetes mellitus.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2011

The wild edible mushroom, Lentinus lepideus has recently been cultivated for commercial use in Korea. While the mushroom has been widely used for nutritional and medicinal purposes, the possible anti-hyperlipidemic action is unclear. The effects of dietary L. lepideus on plasma and feces biochemical and on the liver histological status were investigated in hypercholesterolemic rats. Six-wk-old female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. Biochemical and histological examinations were performed. A diet containing 5% L. lepideus fruiting bodies reduced plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, total lipid, phospholipids, and the ratio of low-density to high-density lipoprotein. Body weight was reduced. The diet did not adversely affect plasma biochemical and enzyme profiles. L. lepideus reduced significantly plasma ${\beta}$- and pre-${\beta}$-lipoprotein, while ${\alpha}$-lipoprotein content was increased. A histological study of hepatic cells by conventional hematoxylin-eosin and oil red O staining revealed normal findings for mushroom-fed hypercholesterolemic rats. The present study suggests that a diet supplemented with L. lepideus can provide health benefits by acting on the atherogenic lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2005

This study had been done for the investigation of the effect of Vitis vinifera extract (VV), Schisandra chinensis extract (SC), Taraxacum officinale extract (TO), Gardeniajasminoides extract (GJ), Angelica acutiloba extract (AA) and Paeonia japonica extract (PJ) on fatty liver and hepatotoxicity which was induced by Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups: ethanol diet (ED), normal diet (ND), ED+VV (100mg/kg), ED+SC, ED+TO, ED+GJ, ED+AA, and ED+PJ (300mg/kg/day). Rats fed liquid diets for 6 weeks showed remarkable increase in serum and hepatic lipids indicating the onset of alcoholic fatty liver. The increasing levels of GPT, ALP activities in serum were observed in the groups fed with alcohol-containing diets compared to those of the ND group. The VV, SC, TO, GJ, AA and PJ groups were decreased the levels of triglyceride, free fatty acid and total cholesterol in serum and liver and GPT, ALP activities in serum. Therefore, they can be utiliaed as a health functional food or new drug candidate for fatty liver and hepatotoxicity which was induced by chronic alcohol consumption.