• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.8.1-8.9
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• 2019

A 12-week feeding trial was designed to evaluate the effect of total replacement of fish oil (FO) with terrestrial alternative oils on growth, feed utilization, body composition, hematological parameters, and fillet fatty acid profile of mandarin fish juveniles. Four iso-nitrogenous (56% crude protein) and iso-lipidic (13% crude lipid) practical diets were formulated. A control diet contained 6% FO and three other experimental diets were prepared by replacing FO with linseed oil, soybean oil, and lard (designed as FO, LO, SO, and lard, respectively). Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of 25 fish ($1.8{\pm}0.03g/fish$) in a circular tank. Complete replacement of FO by three tested alternative oils had no remarkable impact on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, and morphological and hematological parameters of juvenile mandarin fish. However, daily feed intake was found to be significantly higher for fish fed the SO diet compared with those fed the FO and LO diets. Fish fed LO and SO diets exhibited significantly higher levels of the whole body lipid compared to fish fed diet containing FO. Fillet fatty acid composition reflected dietary fatty acid profile. The highest level of ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid was observed in fish fillet fed LO, SO, and lard, respectively. Although the eicosapentaenoic acid level of fish fillet fed diet FO was higher than other treatments, no significant difference was found in docosahexaenoic acid content among all dietary groups. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate that the complete replacement of FO in mandarin fish diets is achievable. These findings are useful in dietary formulation to reduce feed costs without compromising mandarin fish growth.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.327-339
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• 2023

Objectives : This study conducted a repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity test in order to up-cycling Schisandra fruit extract powder(SFEP) using discarded Schisandra chinensis by-products and evaluated the NOAEL of SFEP. Methods : SD-rats were orally administered SFEP at concentrations of 0, 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg once daily for 90 days. Body weights and clinical signs were observed during the administration period. After completion of the experiment, the experimental animals were autopsied to observe necropsy findings and organ weights changes, and hematological parameters and blood chemistry values were measured. Results : During the SFEP administration period, clinical signs such as salivation, wounds, and erosion were sporadically observed in 1 to 2 animals. In the SFEP 250 mg/kg administered group, weights of the liver and thyroid gland significantly increased compared to the control group, but no significant changes were observed in organ weights according to body weights. As a result of measuring hematological parameters and blood chemistry values, a decrease in RDW, T-BIL, and TBA, and an increase in TP, ALB, and Ca were observed due to SFEP administration. However, these changes following SFEP administration were accidental and not dose-dependent. Additionally, no correlation was found between gender and other parameters. Conclusions : Therefore, the NOAEL of SFEP was confirmed to be 250 mg/kg.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.251-261
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• 1993

The subacute toxicity of combined antibiotics, SP-102 (Sulbactam.Piperacilline), was examined in S.D.rats. Four groups of rats were administered intraperitoneally with 0, 512, 1280 and 3200 mg/kg/day of SP-102 for 30 days. Hain clinical sign related to the compound was soft stool. The body weight gain was slightly decreased in male rats treated with 1280, 3200 mg/kg and in female rats treated with 1280 mg/kg of SP-102. Water consumption was significantly increased in rats administered with SP-102. There were no dose-related changes of urinalysis, biochemical examination and hematological findings in all the groups treated with SP-102. Gross necropsy and histopathology revealed no evidence of specific toxicity related to SP-102. Our data indicate that no-observed effect level of SP-102 is below 512 mg/kg in male and female rats. Maximum tolerated dose of SP-102 was estimated to be above 3200 ma/kg in this study.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.205-209
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• 2016

A 6-year-old male domestic shorthair cat was referred to Gyeongsang National University Animal Medical Center for labored breathing. According to the patient's history, the client had fed him commercial dog foods. The patient's hematological, radiographic, and echocardiographic examinations were evaluated for diagnosis. Echocardiography results showed marked dilations of ventricles and atriums and mitral regurgitation. A systolic dysfunction was detected. Plasma taurine concentration was lower than the reference range. Based on these results, the patient was diagnosed with feline dilated cardiomyopathy associated with taurine deficiency. Treatment included feline commercial foods, taurine, digoxin, furosemide, and clopidogrel. Digoxin was changed to pimobendan when normal blood pressure was achieved. Clinical signs improved gradually and no abnormalities were detected on echocardiograms at 10 weeks following onset of treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 2001

In order to evaluate their possible subacute toxicity, groups of 40 male and female ICR mice were given to the diet with chickens irradiated up to 30 kGy for four weeks. During the experimental periods, appearance, behavior, mortality, food and water consumption of mice fed irradiated chickens were not affected compared to the control. In urine analysis, hematological as well as in serum biochemical findings, no significant differences were found between the control (non-irradiated) and the irradiated chickens. Although minor changes in biochemical parameters were observed, they were in the normal range and were not dose dependent. Spotty necrosis was found in the male liver administered with 30 kGy irradiated chicken. However, it seems not related with gamma irradiation, because it lacks either the dose dependency and the secondary changes accompanied. Our results indicate that the adverse effect of gamma irradiated chicken can be observed at more than 30 kGy level.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.368-373
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• 2001

To study the immunomodulatory effect of aquapuncture with canine parvovirus killed vaccine, the vaccine was inoculated into the dogs twice with on 2-week interval. The 6 dogs in the experimental group were inoculated through the Jiao-Chao acupoint, and 5 dogs in the control group were done subcutaneously. The antibody titer was determined by the hemagglutination inhibition test. The HI titers of the experimental group showed significantly higher on days 21 and 28 than those of the control group. The biochemical test on serum total protein, protein fractions and the A/G ration showed a slightly increased in $\gamma$-globulin on days 21 and 28. The hematological findings on total leukocytes and differential counts showed no significance. It was thought that the aquapuncture of the canine parvovirus killed vaccine through the Jiao-Cho acupoint may stimulate the antibody production.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-66
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• 1982

Authors encountered a case of bovine viral leukosis in a young cattle (10 months old) with the following findings; Main clinical symptoms observed were emaciation, digestive disorder, and marked enlargement of superficial lymph nodes. Biopsied specimen of the lymph nodes revealed characteristic histological picture of bovine leukosis. A severe degree of leukocytosis (108,000/cmm) accompanied by marked lympocytosis (96%=103,680/cmm) was detected from the hematological examination of peripheral blood. Most of the lympocytes(94%=101,520) were large-sized, immature, and abnormal in their morphology. In addition, a pronounced anemia (1.78 million/cmm) without regenerative evidence of erythrocyte was noted. The serum of the patient showed positive reaction against gp antigen of bovine leukosis virus in agar-gel diffusion test.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-85
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• 2018

Leukemia is a hematological malignant disease with various clinical symptoms. Due to the fatal nature of the disease, early detection is important. Oral manifestations include ulcers and gingival enlargement with bleeding. Moreover, myeloid sarcoma or opportunistic infections may also occur. This report introduces a 31-year-old male presenting with generalized gingival enlargement with bleeding and another 81-year-old female with neoplasm on the left retromolar area. Both were diagnosed as acute monocytic leukemia. These cases implicate that gingival enlargement or mucosal lesion in the oral cavity may represent underlying systemic diseases. Related to this, it has to be reminded that making timely diagnosis and referral according to the clinical findings is crucial.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2009

Chromosomal rearrangements are major pathology in hematological malignancies. The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) for these gene rearrangements helps in monitoring treatment outcomes and predicting prognosis of patients. Recently, quantification of these gene transcripts based on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) has been used as MRD detection. The purpose of this study is to ensure the usefulness of the RQ-PCR technique for detecting MRD in hamatological malignancy patients. The patients had been diagnosed to AML1-ETO positive AML, PML-RARa positive AML and BCR-ABL positive MPN at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital from Jan. 2006 to Aug. 2008. The fusion transcript was quntified by RQ-PCR and analyzed in comparison to conventional cytogenetics, FISH and RT-PCR. The fusion gene transcript was quantified by RQ-PCR in 57 samples from 14 patients with AML1-ETO positive AML, 79 samples from 27 patients with PML-RARa positive AML and 108 samples from 36 patients with CML. At diagnosis, the quantitative fusion transcripts for AM1-ETO, PML-RARa and BCR-ABL showed the range of 0.485552651~10.82233683 (mean 3.782217131, SD 2.998052348), 0.005300395~0.29267494 (mean 0.056901315, SD 0.080131381) and 0.1293929~12.94826849 (mean 1.701935665, SD 2.200913158). The increase of AML1-ETO fusion gene transcripts preceded morphologic relapse in two patients. Quantification of fusion gene transcripts by RQ-PCR could detected MRD in samples which were negative by in cytogenetic analysis or FISH. Our findings indicated that quantitative analysis of AML1-ETO, PML-RARa and BCR-ABL transcripts by RQ-PCR might be a useful tool for the monitoring of minimal residual disease in hematological malignancies.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

Copper ($CuSO_4$) has been widely used to control algae and pathogens in fish culture ponds. However, its toxic effects on fish depend not only on its concentration in water but also on water quality. The susceptibility of the rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli to copper was evaluated at three water-temperatures (WT; 18, 23 and $28^{\circ}C$) for 4 days. After the exposure of two copper concentrations (100 and $200{\mu}g/L$), a hematological effect was exerted on rockfish, by causing changes in red blood cell count and hematocrit value at $28^{\circ}C$. Total protein levels of the fish showed a tendency of co-increase with glucose depend on the WT, after copper exposure. However, the plasma calcium and magnesium levels were significantly increased at $200{\mu}g/L$ copper, regardless of the WT. Enzymes activities including ALT and LDH in serum were also significantly increased depend upon the copper treatment only. This indicates that inorganic components and enzymes activities were sensitive indexes to stress by toxicant such as copper. The cortisol levels were significantly elevated by both WT rising and copper treatment in serum of rock fish. In conclusion, these changes can be seen as an initial response to temperature stress and as a sustaining response to copper exposure. The present findings suggest that a simultaneous stress by temperature change and copper exposure could accelerate an alteration of hematological and plasma biological parameters in the rockfish.