• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2005

EAF 더스트-점토계 소지에서 혼합비와 열처리 온도에 따른 소지 내의 중금속 총량을 측정하여 높은 증기압을 갖는 Cd, Pb, Zn 등의 중금속 성분의 휘발량을 분석하였으며 TCLP 분석을 통해 소지 내 중금속 성분의 안정화에 대해 평가하였다. 중금속 성분의 휘발은 EAF 더스트-점토의 혼합비와 열처리 온도에 크게 영향을 받으며 점토의 혼합비가 증가할수록 휘발이 효과적으로 억제되었다. 중금속 성분의 용출은 점토의 혼합비와 열처리 온도가 증가할수록 감소하였으며 안정화 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. EAF 더스트 20wt%-점토 800 wt%의 혼합비를 갖는 소지의 경우 중금속의 휘발과 용출이 거의 없었으며 XRD 분석 결과에 의하면 점토의 혼합비와 열처리 온도가 증가할수록 EAF 더스트-점토계 소지의 주결정상인 $(Zn{\cdot}Fe)Fe_2O_4$상과 quartz상의 회절강도가 감소하였으며, 이는 중금속의 휘발 억제 및 안정화 기구가 점토의 $SiO_2$ 성분에 의한 유리화 과정에 의한 것임을 나타내는 것으로 보여진다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2008

This study was carried out to estimate heavy metal loads at plain area of the rural watersheds during farming season in 2006. The experimental area was belonging to Geum River watershed. That was located at the center of South Korea. Water samples were corrected at two kinds of aspects. One is regular sampling(every two month) and the other is irregular sampling(every rainfall event). The result showed that heavy metal properties of regular samples were highest at May and June with lively agricultural activities. Heavy metal concentration of irregular samples was lower than that of regular samples. But the heavy metal loads of irregular samples were high. The correlation between each heavy metals of regular samples was following as Mn-Cd > Mn-Fe > Mn-Al > Fe-Al > Al-Cd. The correlation of irregular samples was following as Fe-AI > Zn-Mn > Fe-Cd > Cd-Al. Loading rates of daily discharge the plain area of designed rural watershed during farming season were Al 3.070 kg/day, Cu 0.526 kg/day, Fe 0.745 kg/day, Zn 0.314 kg/day, Cd 0.010 kg/day, Cr 0.055 kg/day, Mn 0.140 kg/day and Pb 0.098 kg/day. Loading rate of discharge with heavy metals during the survey period was Al(577.23 kg) > Fe(140.08 kg) > Cu(98.93 kg) > Zn(58.99 kg) > Mn(26.34 kg) > Pb(18.51 kg) > Cr(10.34 kg) > Cd(1.93 kg).

• 공업화학
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.556-565
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• 2023

Fast industrial and agricultural expansion result in the production of heavy metal ions (HMIs). These are exceedingly hazardous to both humans and the environment, and the necessity to eliminate them from aqueous systems prompts the development of novel materials. In the present study, a UIO-66 (COOH)₂ metal-organic framework (MOF) containing free carboxylic acid groups was post-synthetically modified with L-glutamic acid via the solid-solid reaction route. Pristine and glutamic acid-treated MOF materials were characterized in detail using several physicochemical techniques. Single-ion batch adsorption studies of Pb(II) and Hg(II) ions were carried out using pristine as well as amino acid-modified MOFs. We further examined parameters that influence removal efficiency, such as the initial concentration and contact time. The bare MOF had a higher ion adsorption capacity for Pb(II) (261.87 mg/g) than for Hg(II) ions (10.54 mg/g) at an initial concentration of 150 ppm. In contrast, an increased Hg(II) ion adsorption capacity was observed for the glutamic acid-modified MOF (80.6 mg/g) as compared to the bare MOF. The Hg(II) ion adsorption capacity increased by almost 87% after modification with glutamic acid. Fitting results of isotherm and kinetic data models indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) on both pristine and glutamic acid-modified MOFs was due to surface complexation of Pb(II) ions with available -COOH groups (pyromellitic acid). Adsorption of Hg(II) on the glutamic acid-modified MOF was attributed to chelation, in which glutamic acid grafted onto the surface of the MOF formed chelates with Hg(II) ions.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2017

Heavy metal contamination of soil might be a cause of serious concern due to the potential health impacts of consuming contaminated products. In this study, the total content of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, and Hg) in soils was analyzed, and the difference of heavy metal contents depending on crops, soil characteristics, and topography was compared in 169 greenhouse soils obtained from Gyeongnam Province. The concentrations of the heavy metals were $0.25mg\;kg^{-1}$ (ranged 0.01~0.44) for Cd, $28.94(0.53{\sim}72.63)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Cr, $26.03(0.5{\sim}166.13)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Cu, $14.91(1.27{\sim}33.22)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Ni, $15.76(0.43{\sim}57.1)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Pb, $119.72(6.33{\sim}239.39)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Zn, $2.54(0.01{\sim}23.57)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for As, and $0.049(0.012{\sim}0.253)mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Hg in topsoils. The concentrations of Pb and As in topsoil were highest in green pepper and those of Cd, Cr, and Ni were highest in melon. In addition, the concentrations of Cr and Ni were highest in diluvial terrace compared with the other topographies. Higher concentrations of Cd, Cr, and Ni were found in silty clay loam and silt loam soils than sandy loam and loam soils.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2000

본 연구는 용액의 처리조건에 따른 미처리 수피에 의한 중금속 흡착을 연구하기 위하여 계획되었다. 흡착에 미치는 용액의 온도와 pH, 수피의 입자크기, 경금속 첨가의 영향이 연구되었고, 또한 중금속간의 흡착경쟁도 평가되었다. 용액의 온도를 $-5^{\circ}C$에서 $10^{\circ}C$까지 증가시킴에 따라 $Cu^{2+}$와 $Zn^{2+}$의 흡착율이 증가하였다. 그러나, 이 흡착은 $10^{\circ}C{\sim}55^{\circ}C$에서는 거의 일정하였다. $Cr^{6+}$은 용액의 온도를 증가시킴에 따라 계속적으로 증가하였다. $Cu^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$ 및 $Pb^{2+}$의 최대 흡착율은 pH 6~7에서 나타났다. 그러나, 이 흡착율은 최적 pH 의 양 영역에서는 급격하게 감소하였다. $Cr^{6+}$의 흡착율은 용액의 pH를 증가시킴에 따라 계속적으로 감소하였다. 수피의 입자크기가 작을수록 흡착율은 감소하였다. 소나무 수피와 상수리나무 수피 간의 흡착 경향은 차이가 거의 없었다. $Ca^{2+}$이나 $Mg^{2+}$(10~25 ppm)의 첨가에 의해 $Cu^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$의 흡착율이 증가되었다. 흡착율의 증가는 소나무 수피보다 상수리나무 수피에서 더 높았다. 그러나 $Pb^{2+}$와 $Cr^{6+}$은 경금속의 첨가에 영향을 받지 않았다. 2~3종류의 중금속 혼합용액 ($Cu^{2+}$, $Pb^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$)을 미처리 수피로 처리할 경우, $Zn^{2+}$의 흡착은 중금속 이온간의 흡착경쟁 때문에 현저하게 감소되었다. 또한, $Cu^{2+}$의 흡착도 다소간 감소되었다. 그러나 $Pb^{2+}$의 흡착은 다른 중금속 이온의 존재에 의해서 영향받지 않았다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.583-588
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• 2003

폐기물 함유 세라믹 재료의 성형과정에서 일어나는 일차적인 중금속 안정화 과정을 알아보기 위하여 중금속(Cd, Cr, Zn) 표준용액의 농도(10-30 ppm)와 pH(pH 3-9)를 조절하여 적점토, 백토와 제올라이트에 대해 회분식 흡착실험을 행하였다. pH증가에 따라 모든 흡착원료에서 Cd와 Zn의 흡착률은 증가하였고 pH 5 이상에서는 완만한 증가를 보였다. Cr의 경우 pH증가에 따른 흡착률의 증가는 관찰할 수 없었고 오히려 적섬토와 백토를 혼합한 원료의 경우에는 pH 3에서의 흡착률에 비해 pH 5 이상에서는 50%의 흡착률 감소를 보였다 세 가지 중금속 Cd, Cr, Zn을 함께 혼합한 중금속 용액을 적점토에 대해 실험한 결과 흡착률은 Cd, Zn>Cr 순이었으나, Cu, Fe, Pb의 중금속이 추가적으로 첨가될 경우 Fe>Pb, Cu>Cr>Zn>Cd 순으로 흡착률이 변화하였다. 이는 공존 양이온의 종류가 흡착률을 좌우하며 주어진 조건에서 서로 경쟁적인 관계를 가지고 흡착하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다 한편, 공존음이온으로 Cl$^{-}$와 SO$_4$$^{2-}$ 를 1-20 ppm까지 첨가한 경우 공존 양이온의 경우와는 달리 중금속 흡착률에는 큰 영향을 주지 못하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1983

The Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD) indicates that microbes are proliferating or that oxygen is being spent by breathing action when examining water under the same aerobic condition. In this research of the mesurement of BOD are the poisonous elements of heavy metal ions such as Cu-ion, Cr-ion, Pb-ion and Zn-ion. They exert an unfavorable influence in the analysis of BOD and research was performed to provide certain data of minimum negative influence by the poisonous matters. The results of the research confirm that heavy metal ion(Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn) do direct an influence upon the normal growth of aerobic microbes in actual tests of chemical analysis of portable water or sewage. The most critical concentration for a negative effect on lowering oxygen quantity and disturbing the aerobic mocrobes normal growth was found to be 0.01 mg/l. Therefore, test results are not valid if the heavy metal concentration is to or greater than 0.0mg/l, To improve comprehension through out the research the author uses the following abbreviations: 1. The Cu-ion is to be excluded before experimental analysis if it is over 0.01mg/l inorder to obtain a real value for the BOD. 2. The Cr-ion is to be excluded before experimental analysis if it is over 0.01mg/l in order to obtain a real value for the BOD. 3. The Pb-ion is to be excluded before experimental analysis if it is over 0.01mg/l in order to obtain a real value for the BOD. 4. The Zn-ion is to be excluded before experimental analysis if it is over 0.01mg/l in order to obtain a real value for the BOD.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 A 지역의 하수슬러지 건조장치가 설치되기 전과 후 탈수슬러지의 조성 및 성상, 중금속함유량 등을 측정 및 조사 분석을 하였다. 분석결과 건조로 설치전보다 약 95.7%의 제거효율을 보였으며, 설계값으로 1차건조로 35%, 2차건조로 10% 함수율을 제거하지만, 측정해본결과 1차건조로 20.8%, 리본 3.3%로 실제 운전효과가 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 중금속 함유량은 건조장치 설치 전 Cu : 352~614ppm, Hg : 1.3~1.44ppm, Cd : 1.1~1.86ppm, Pb : 17.25~ 28.93 ppm, As : 1ppm 이고 설치 후 Cu : 340~350 ppm, Hg : 0 ppm, Cd : 0~0.021 ppm, Pb : 0 ppm, As : 0~0.043 ppm으로 건조장치설치 전과 후 모두 법정 기준치에 초과하지 않음을 확인하였다. 또한 건조장치를 통과한 하수슬러지는 평균적으로 ${\frac{1}{4}}$의 건조슬러지가 발생하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.409-414
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• 2000

In order to examine the availability and effectiveness of crab shell for the removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution the crab shell was compared with cation exchange resin(CER), zeolite granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered activated carbon(PAC) on aspects of heavy metal removal capacity rate and efficiency. In the removal of Pb, Cd and Cr, the heavy metal removal capacity of crab shell was higher than those of any other sorbents (CER, zeolite, GAC, PAC) and the order of heavy metal removal capacity was crab shell>CER>zeolite>PAC GAC. However in the removal of Cu, the result of crab shell was slightly lower than that of CER. The initial heavy metal removal rate was affected by the sorts of sorbents and metals. In all heavy metals the heavy metal removal rate of crab shell was higher than those of any other sorbents. Under the heavy metal concentration of 1.0 mmole/$\ell$ the heavy metal removal efficiency of crab shell was maintained as 93~100% which was much higher than those of any other sorbents.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

Aim of the present study was the development of a bioassay which enables the detection of toxic effects of heavy metal ions to a bacterium, Escherichia coli. Inhibition effects of the metals on growth rates of the bacterium were studied in the absence or presence of fulvic acid. This method does not clearly differentiate among metals, but does detect overall AGB inhibition rate (toxicity) for 5 different heavy metals. The toxicity of the metals in the absence of fulvic acid in the same testing conditions was significantly increased in following order: Hg < Pb, Zn < Cd < Cu, whereas the inhibition rate (toxicity) in the presence of FA was shown to be increased In following order: Cd < Pb, Hg < Cu < Zn. The results of the present study indicate that this simple and fast biomonitoring assay with direct exposure of E coli. might be a valuable supplement to analytical methods of contaminated media.