• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권6_3호
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• pp.1247-1260
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• 2022

The steel industry accounts for about 5% of the total annual global energy consumption and more than 6% of the total anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, there is a need to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in these industries. The utilization of coke oven gas, a byproduct of the coke plant, is one of the main ways to achieve this goal. Coke oven gas used as a fuel in many steelmaking process is a hydrogen-rich gas with high energy potential, but it is commonly used as a heat source and is even released directly into the air after combustion reactions. In order to solve such resource waste and energy inefficiency, several alternatives have recently been proposed, such as separating and refining hydrogen directly from coke oven gas or converting it to syngas. Therefore, in this study, recent research trends on the separation and purification of hydrogen from coke oven gas and the production of syngas were introduced.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2023

As the impacts of global climate change become increasingly apparent, the reduction of carbon emissions has emerged as a critical subject of discussion. Nuclear power has garnered attention as a potential carbon-free energy source; however, the rapidity of load following in nuclear power generation poses challenges in comparison to fossil-fueled methods. Consequently, power-to-gas systems, which integrate nuclear power and hydrogen, have attracted growing interest. This study presents a preliminary design of a very high temperature reactor (VHTR) integrated blue hydrogen production process utilizing DWSIM, an open-source process simulator. The blue hydrogen production process is estimated to supply the necessary calorific value for carbon capture through tail gas combustion heat. Moreover, a thermodynamic assessment of the main recuperator is performed as a function of the helium flow rate from the VHTR system to the blue hydrogen production system.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2018

The environmental impacts of a 1 kW polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system are quantitatively assessed by performing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study. A PEMFC system produces electricity and heat simultaneously, so an appropriate allocation of associated inputs and outputs is performed between the electricity and heat produced. The environmental impacts of the PEMFC system on the impact categories such as global warming (GW), abiotic depletion (AD), acidification (AC), and eutrophication (EU) are assessed from the life cycle impact assessment. The impact indicator results of the impact assessment on these impact categories are obtained as $3.70E-01kg\;CO_2\;eq./kWh$, 1.86E-03 kg Sb eq./kWh, $4.09E-04kg\;SO_2\;eq./kWh$, and $1.88E-05kg\;PO_4{^{3-}}/kWh$, respectively. For all impact categories studied the most influential stage is the operation stage, which accounts for 98.8%, 98.7%, 70.3%, and 62.3% of the total impact on GW, AD, AC, and EU, respectively. For the impact categories of AD, AC, and EU, most of the environmental impacts during the operation stage is attributed to the production of city gas. However, for the impact category of GW, $CO_2$ emission from the reforming process of city gas is the main reason for the largest contribution of the operation stage to the total impact results.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2016

In this study, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system model including balance of plant (BOP) for building electric power generation is developed to study the effect of operating conditions on the system efficiency and power output. SOFC system modeled in this study consists of three heat-exchangers, an external reformer, burner, and two blowers. A detailed computational cell model including internal reforming reaction is developed for a planer SOFC stack which is operated at intermediate temperature (IT). The BOP models including an external reformer, heat-exchangers, a burner, blowers, pipes are developed to predict the gas temperature, pressure drops and flow rate at every component in the system. The SOFC stack model and BOP models are integrate to estimate the effect of operating parameters on the performance of the system. In this study, the design of experiment (DOE) is used to compare the effects of fuel flow rate, air flow rate, air temperature, current density, and recycle ratio of anode off gas on the system efficiency and power output.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.745-750
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• 2005

등방성 피치계 탄소섬유 및 활성탄소섬유를 얻기 위한 프리커서 피치를 제조하기 위하여 NCB(naphtha cracking bottoms) oil을 열처리온도, 처리시간, 질소유량을 변화시키면서 개질하였다. 개질된 피치의 수율, 연화점, 원소분석, 분자량분포를 측정하고 용융방사하여 최적의 개질조건을 얻었다. 질소유량 1.25 vvm, 열처리온도 $380^{\circ}C$, 처리시간 3 h 일 때 약 $240^{\circ}C$의 연화점을 갖는 방사성이 우수한 프리커서 피치를 제조할 수 있었다. 이때의 수율은 약 21 wt％, C/H 몰비는 1.07에서 1.34로, 방향족화도는 0.85에서 0.88으로 증가하였고, 벤젠 및 퀴놀린 불용분은 각각 30.0 wt％, 1.5 wt％ 이었다, 방사 온도는 프리커서 피치의 연화점보다 약 $50^{\circ}C$ 높았으며 분자량은 250~1,250 범위에 분포되어 있지만 80％ 이상은 250~700의 좁은 범위에 몰려있었다.

• 청정기술
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2017

온실가스 배출과 지구온난화 문제로 인하여 화석연료를 대체할 수 있는 신재생에너지 개발 및 확산의 필요성이 증가하고 있는데, 청정에너지원인 수소가 주목을 받고 있다. 수소는 지구상에서 가장 많이 존재하는 원소이며, 화석연료, 바이오매스 및 물 등 다양한 형태로 존재한다. 수소를 연료로 사용하기 위해서는 경제적인 방법뿐만 아니라 환경에 미치는 영향을 최소화하는 방법으로 생산하는 것이 중요하다. 수소생산방법에는 전통적 방법인 화석연료 개질반응을 통한 생산과 재생가능한 방법인 바이오매스 및 물을 이용한 생산으로 나뉜다. 화석연료를 이용한 수소생산은 습윤개질반응, 자열개질반응, 부분산화반응 및 가스화반응 등 열화학적 방법으로 가능한데, 이를 청정에너지원으로서 사용하기 위해서는 수소생산과 더불어 이산화탄소 포집이 필요하다. 바이오매스를 이용한 수소생산은 그 양이 매우 미미한 수준이며, 특히 생물학적 전환법은 효율증가를 위한 반응기 구성, 수소생산미생물 배양 등 효과적으로 수소를 생산하기 위한 연구가 더욱 진행되어야 한다. 물분해를 통한 수소생산이 가장 청정한 수소생산기술이지만 태양광, 태양열, 풍력 등 재생 가능한 에너지원으로부터 충분한 에너지공급이 가능해야 한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.856-861
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• 2002

유산균의 활용성을 증진시키기 위한 방안으로서 건식 Hybridization system을 이용하여 장용성 피복재로 유산균분말의 표면처리를 실시하였다. 전자현미경 관찰 결과 표면처리는 유산균의 표면을 매끄러운 구형의 모양으로 변화시켰으며 표면처리를 통한 분체복합화 과정에서 유산균의 활력은 유의적인 변화없이 유지되었다. 또한 유산균의 내염성은 처리여부에 따른 유의적 변화를 보이지 않음으로써 표면처리 과정 중 유산균 세포막의 물리적 손상은 일어나지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 표면처리된 유산균의 내산성은 처리전후에 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 이는 균주 자체의 높은 내산성에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 표면처리 후의 유산균은 유의적으로 높은 열저항성을 보여 표면처리가 유산균의 내열성 향상을 위하여 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 나타냈다. 조사된 장용성 피복재 중 Sureteric은 다른 피복재에 비하여 우수한 표면 처리 효과를 보였으며 유산균분말의 표면처리를 위한 적합한 처리조건은 유산균의 초기입도가 $100{\sim}200\;{\mu}m$, 유산균:피복재의 혼합비율(w/w)은 9 : 1, 처리속도는 15,000 rpm, 3분이었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

Methods of producing hydrogen include steam reforming, electrochemical decomposition of water, and the SI process. Among these methods, the Sulfur iodine process is one of the most promising processes for hydrogen production. The thermochemical sulfur-iodine (SI) process uses heat from a high-temperature-gas nuclear reactor to produce $H_2$ gas; this process is known for its production of clean energy as it does not emit $CO_2$ from water. But the SI-process takes place in an extremely corrosive environment for the materials. To endure SI environments, the materials for the SI environment will have to have strong corrosion resistance. This work studies the corrosion resistances of the Fe-Si, Ni-Ti and Ni Alloys, which are tested in SI-process environments. Among the SI-process environments, the conditions of boiling sulfuric acid and decomposed sulfuric acid are selected in this study. Before testing in boiling sulfuric acid environments, the specimens of Fe-4.5Si, Fe-6Si, Ni-4.5Si, Ni-Ti-Si-Nb and Ni-Ti-Si-Nb-B are previously given heat treatment at $1000^{\circ}C$ for 48 hrs. The reason for this heat treatment is that those specimens have a passive film on the surface. The specimens are immersed for 3~14 days in 98wt% boiling sulfuric acid. Corrosion rates are measured by using the weight change after immersion. The corrosion rates of the Fe-6Si and Ni-Ti-Si-Nb-B are found to decrease as the time passes. The corrosion rates of Fe-6si and Ni-Ti-Si-Nb-B are measured at 0.056 mm/yr and 0.16 mm/yr, respectively. Hastelloy-X, Alloy 617, Alloy 800H and Haynes 230 are tested in the decomposed sulfuric acid for one day. Alloy 800H was found to show the best corrosion resistance among the materials. The corrosion rate of Alloy 800H is measured at -0.35 mm/yr. In these results, the corrosion resistance of materials depends on the stability of the oxide film formed on the surface. After testing in boiling sulfuric acid and in decomposed sulfuric acid environments, the surfaces and compositions of specimens are analyzed by SEM and EDX.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2011

선박에서 배출되는 온실가스를 저감하기 위한 기술로 연료전지 기술이 고려되어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 메탄을 연료로 사용한 내부개질형 500kW급 고체산화물형 연료전지의 선박 적용을 가정한 연료전지 시스템을 모델링하여 시스템의 구성에 따른 공기, 메탄, 물의 공급 유량 및 시스템 운전 압력이 연료전지 스택의 입구 및 출구에서의 가스 온도, 스택 출력 및 시스템 효율 등에 미치는 영향에 관하여 검토하였다. 그 결과 공기와 메탄의 공급 유량이 연료전지 스택 입구 및 출구 가스 온도에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 공기와 물의 공급 유량이 증가하면 스택 출력 및 시스템 효율이 증가하고, 메탄의 경우 스택 출력은 증가하나 시스템 효율은 낮아진다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.323-327
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• 2009

To extract hydrogen for stack, fuels such as LPG and LNG were reformed in the fuel processor, which is comprised of desulfurizer, reformer, shift converter, CO remover and steam generator. All elements of fuel processor are integrated in a single package. Highly active catalysts (desulfurizing adsorbent, reforming catalyst, CO shift catalyst, CO removal catalyst) and the various burners were developed and evaluated in this study. The performance of the developed catalysts and the commercial ones was similar. 1 kW, 5 kW class fuel processor systems using the developed catalyst and burner showed efficiency of 75 %(LHV, for LNG). The start-up time of the 1 kW class fuel processor was less than 50 minutes and its volume including insulation was about 30 l. The start-up time of 3 kW and 5 kW class fuel processors with the volume of 90 l and 150 l, respectively, was about 60 minutes. In the case of LPG fuel, efficiency, volume and start-up time of 1kW class fuel processor showed 73 %(LHV), < 60 l and < 60 min, respectively. Advanced fuel processor showed more highly efficiency and shorter start-up time due to the improvement of heat exchanger and operating method. 1 kW and 3 kW class fuel processors have been evaluated for reliability and durability including with on/off test of developed catalysts and burner.