• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the potential risk factors - children's factors, parental factors, and familial-environmental factors - with respect to overweight and obesity in Korean preschool children. Methods: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and involved 264 pairs of mothers and preschool children aged 3-5 years (121 boys, 143 girls) attending daycare centers in C city. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in preschool children. Results: According to the multivariate logistic regression, family history of diabetes mellitus as children's factors, overweight or obesity of both parents as parental factors were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of overweight and obesity in preschool children. In addition, lack of community space for physical activity as familial-environmental factors was significantly associated with increased likelihood of overweight and obesity. Conclusions: Health care providers should concerned with the risk of overweight and obesity in children with high risk familial factors, such as family history of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, policies should be set in place to make sure communities include space that foster physical activity in young children.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.165-176
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 학령후기 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도, 아동의 자아존중감이 건강증진행위에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 양육태도와 건강증진행위 관계에서 자아존중감의 매개효과를 확인하기 위함이다. 연구대상은 초등학교 5, 6학년 학생 425명이었으며 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 사용하여 t-test, 상관관계분석, 위계적 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 학령후기 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도가 수용적일수록, 자아존중감이 높을수록, 건강증진행위 실천을 잘하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 자아존중감은 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도와 건강증진행위 간의 관계에서, 매개 작용을 하여 건강증진행위 실천에 유의하게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 학령후기 아동을 대상으로 건강증진행위 교육 프로그램 적용 시, 부모의 양육태도 및 아동의 자아존중감을 사정하며, 부모가 수용적 양육태도를 갖도록 지지하여, 아동의 자아존중감을 증진시키고, 건강증진행위 실천을 강화시키는 방안을 고려해야 한다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2006

Since the economic crisis in 1997, the number of low income families has increased and the turmoil is likely to affect nutritional and health status of the children in low-income families. The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary behaviors and physical development of low income family children in the Seoul area. The subjects were 44 boys and 56 girls, between the ages of 7 and 12 years, from the beneficiary families of the governmental assistant program and enrolled in after school-care centers. A self-reported questionnaire, including general characteristics and dietary behaviors, was applied to the children and their parents. Skipping meal rate was higher in breakfast than in lunch or dinner, and was less frequent in parents and children families compared to that of the other types of families (p<0.05). Most students are shown that they usually keep the dietary guideline for Korean children. There were significant differences in keeping the dietary guidelines between the parents and children family group and other groups in several items. The results imply that the nutrition education program should be more focused on the families which are not composed of parents and children.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2008

목적: 본 논문은 소아 및 학동기 그리고 청소년과 부모시력의 유전적 연관성을 보고자 하였다. 방법: 연구 대상자는 4~18세까지의 소아 및 학동기 그리고 청소년기에 속하는 어린이 208명과 피검자의 부모 340명이 참여하였다. 시력측정은 5 m용 한천석식 시력표를 이용하였으며, 각 단안씩 나안 및 교정시력을 측정하였다. 결과: 6세미만의 소아에서 아버지의 시력은 아무런 관련성을 찾을 수 없었으나, 남아에서는 어머니의 시력에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 학동기의 경우는 특히 부모와의 관련성이 높은 것으로 나타났는데 시력이 0.7이하인 그룹에서는 부모 모두 0.7이하가 많았으며, 0.7초과인 그룹에서는 부모도 같이 0.7을 초과하는 경향을 보였다. 청소년기의 경우에서도 어머니의 시력이 남아의 시력과 연관성이 있음을 보여주었다. 결론: 부모의 가족력이나 특히 어머니의 시력이상은 자녀의 시력이상에 더욱더 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.312-319
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• 2023

Background: Parental attention is crucial for preventing childhood oral diseases. Mothers play a significant role in maintaining their families' oral health, and their educational level influences their children's oral health behaviors. This study investigates the impact of mothers' educational levels on adult oral health behaviors using data from a national survey. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional analysis of secondary data. The data used were obtained from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Descriptive statistics were calculated to identify participant characteristics. Next, t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to examine the effects of the explanatory variables on the distribution of the dependent variable. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of the explanatory variable on the dependent variable, using "no education" as the reference value, and calculate the odds ratios. Results: Children of mothers with a college education or higher had a 1.13 times higher likelihood of receiving oral examinations than those whose mothers had no education. Children whose mothers graduated from college or higher had a 2.23 times higher probability of receiving preventative dental treatment than those whose mothers had no education. Children whose mothers graduated from college or higher had a 1.92 times higher probability of receiving scaling than those whose mothers had no education. Children whose mothers graduated from high school had a 1.35 times higher probability of receiving scaling than those whose mothers had no education. Conclusion: Developing oral health programs is important for low-educated and low-income parents to change theirs and their children's oral health behaviors/attitudes. This will help reduce oral health disparities among adults raised by parents of higher and lower socioeconomic statuses. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is essential for adults to maintain good oral health, regardless of variations in their parental educational levels during childhood.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2005

This study aimed to determine the fluoride intakes in 120 preschool children aged 3 to 6 residing in Jumunjin (community water fluoridation area) and Gangneung (non-fluoridation area). The parents were asked to collect 24-hour urine samples and to duplicate the samples of all the diets that their children ingested in the day of urine collection. The acid-diffusible fluoride in the food and non-carbonate beverages were isolated by the acid-diffusion technique and then measured with a fluoride electrode. The fluoride in carbonate beverages, drinking waters and urine samples were measured directly with a fluoride electrode. The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) of daily fluoride intakes from all kinds of diet was 5.99 (2.27) $\mu$g/kg/day in the children in Gangneung and that of the children in Jumunjin was 18.36 (2.69). The amount of fluoride intake by food and drinking water in fluoridation area were significantly larger than that in non-fluoridation area but the statistical difference of fluoride intake by beverages between two areas was not observed. The GMs (GSDs) of daily fluoride excretion by urine of children in non-fluoridation area and in fluoridation area were 8.39 (1.73) and 18.62 (1.77) $\mu$g/kg/day, respectively. The correlation between fluoride intake from diet excluding beverage and urinary excretion was statistically significant. It is concluded that the amount of fluoride intake of children living in fluoridation area did not exceed the upper intake level to avoid the risk of dental fluorosis (2.2 mg/day in 4- to 8-year-olds) and urinary excretion of fluoride was good indicator of fluoride intake from diets.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2007

Folate is important for multiple metabolic processes such as nucleic acid synthesis and interconversions, and cell division. Folate deficiency may be a risk factor for several pathologies, such as neural tube birth defects, dementia, and cardiovascular diseases. The objectives of this study were to estimate folate intakes and plasma concentrations of young children living in Kwangju, Korea. Three consecutive 24-h food recalls and fasting blood samples were obtained from 24 boys and 30 girls, aged 2-6 y, living in Kwangju, Korea. The daily folate intake ($mean{\pm}SD$) of the children was $146.7{\pm}73.6{\mu}g$ dietary folate equivalents. No differences in folate intakes were observed by gender ($p{\geq}0.05$). The mean folate intakes of the 2 and 3 y old groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those of 5 and 6 y old groups. Over half of subjects consumed $mean{\pm}SD$) of all subjects was $19.2{\pm}8.7nmol/L$, and there was no significant difference by age nor gender ($p{\geq}0.05$). No significant correlation was observed between folate intakes and plasma folate concentrations. One subjeci (1.9%) in this study had a plasma folate concentration <6.8 nmol/L, which is indicative of folate deficiency. Approximately 24% of subjects had plasma folate concentrations of 6.8-13.4 nmol/L, which is representative of marginal folate status. In conclusion, some young children may have less than adequate folate status in Korea.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.435-448
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• 2002

Accidents are important causes of death and disability in children. They also have enormous financial implications. Young children become an victim of accidents easily because of their physical fragileness and their coping behavior being vulnerable to any actions taken by accidents. Once they have a accident, the children whose not fully developed, suffer from devastating long-term after-effects. Lee, Lee, Kang and Han(1995) reported that ninety percent of accidents can be prevented. But there is no national system to manage, evaluate and analyse the information about child accidents, even though it is necessary for accident prevention policies and health promotion of the general public. The purpose of the study was to determine how often children have accidents and define the accident prevention strategies in children. The investigator conducted a descriptive study by performing the surveys, interviews, and workshops for the 2,458 young children, 10 teachers, and 1,494 parents. The data collection for the study began on September 2000 and completed on April 20, 2001. The analysis of the data was done with Window SPSS 10.0 for descriptive statistics. Among those children, 1,298 children(52.8％) injured from accidents. The children who had accident answered that they injured from traffic accident(27.3％), inside the home(26.3％), on the playground(17.0％), during playtime(13.6％), in the school(5.9％) and food poisoning(7.1％). To define accident prevention strategies for the school children, the parents and the teachers who had a special interest in this topic formed a special task force under the guidance of the investigator. The team was charged to prepare the basis of content materials by identifying the problems, setting standards for the program, prioritizing the process, and selecting the methods of implementation and evaluation. Eight issues and concerns identified by the team were: 1)allowing young children to learn undesirable habits and behaviors that would bother others without knowing; 2) not guarding young children from car accident; 3)unattended accident at playground; 4) considering home places safe; 5)unattended accident at school. These issues were found to be coinciding with the actual child accident cases occurred recent years in Korea. Greater efforts are required to reduce unnecessary deaths and disability from childhood accidents. This study gave a very useful and important data to prepare accident prevention educational program and to prepare accident prevention strategies.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2019

Inappropriate antibiotic use is the most important factor causing increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics, thus affecting patient outcomes. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have become a serious public health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Korea, the burden of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become an important public health issue. There is increasing evidence of overuse and misuse of antibiotics in Korea, as observed in cohorts with large sample sizes. Antibiotic use among children should receive particular attention because of the frequency of community-associated infections among this population and the elevated risk of transmission. Recent studies from Korea have demonstrated that the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, either for inpatient or outpatient treatment, has increased among many age groups, especially children. In this review, we aim to describe the patterns of antibiotic prescription and evaluate recent trends in antibiotic use among children. Coordinated efforts toward communication and education in order to address misunderstandings regarding antibiotic use, involving interprofessional antimicrobial stewardship programs, are required in the near future.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.50-60
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to determine paternal rearing behavior according to rearing characteristics and demographic characteristics. This study is designed as descriptive survey. This study's subjects are 200 people who live in Daegu, Gyeongbuk, Seoul and Gyeonggido and they have preschool children of 3-6years old. They live with their children together and they are bringing up their children with a spouse, and they agreed with this study. It was measured by the instrument that 3 nursing scholars modified for content validity based on 18 items which developed parental behavior questionnaire of Bigner(l977). The data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC program with descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA test. It was used Scheffe' test as post-hoc measurement. As a result of analysis is the following. 1. The results that are measured paternal rearing behavior by mean and standard deviation are that 'activity of play interaction' score was the highest($280{\pm}.59$), and then 'activity of daily living'($2.41{\pm}.58$), and then 'activity of discipline'($2.40{\pm}.93$). The lowest area was 'activity of outhouse'($225{\pm}.85$). As examined paternal rearing behaviors by item, 'express physical affection to children' was the highest and the next items is 'consult with wife about children's rearing problem.'. Item that was shown the lowest score was 'wash children's dress'. 2. Compared paternal rearing behaviors level by demographic characteristics, that showed Significant differences among the fathers job type(F=3.492, p=.005), family monthly income (p=2.011, p=.047), children's number(F=4.641, p=.011). 3. Compared paternal rearing behaviors level by rearing characteristics, that showed significant difference in the satisfaction of marred life (F=3.932, p=.021). In spite of Paternal rearing behavior can influence on children's health and health activity, that is apt to exclude in various family health educational program development and application in nursing field. Therefore, nursing researches about paternal rearing behavior will have to be needed to study in the future.