• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1854-1858
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• 2007

수자원 분야에서 가장 기본적이면서 중요한 과업 중의 하나는 고품질의 유량측정 자료를 확보하여 신뢰성 있는 수위-유량관계곡선식을 개발하는 것이다. 이는 수공구조물 설계, 친수 하천공간 조성, 친환경적인 하천의 설계, 하천 관리수량 산정, 홍수 예 경보 운영 등에 기본적인 자료를 제공하게 된다. 신뢰성 있는 곡선식은 계측장비의 개량과 유량관측 기준의 강화 등을 통하여 축적된 양질의 유량측정 자료로부터 개발될 수 있으며, 또한 수위관측소 지점의 하도특성과 통제구조물의 특성 등을 고려하는 것도 곡선식의 신뢰도를 높일 수 있다. 본 연구는 통제단면의 가장 낮은 부분의 수위로 정의되는 흐름이 0인 수위인 GZF(Gauge Height of Zero Flow) 평가에 관한 연구이다. 이와 같은 연구를 수행하기 위해서 GZF의 변화에 따라 곡선식의 신뢰도를 분석할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였으며, 이 시스템은 사용자들이 쉽게 이용할 수 있는 엑셀 VBA(Visual Basic for Applications)를 이용하여 개발하였다. GZF 평가 시스템은 입력자료 구축 모듈, 수위관측소 지점의 하도 단면 입력 모듈, GZF 설정 모듈, GZF 평가 모듈의 4개 모듈로 구성되었다. 입력자료 구축 모듈은 기 개발된 곡선식의 GZF 적정성을 파악할 수 있도록 자료를 구축하는 모듈이며, 하도 단면 입력 모듈은 수위관측소 지점의 하상의 변화 유무와 구간분리, 기간분리 등의 필요성을 파악할 수 있도록 구성하였다. GZF 설정 모듈은 GZF의 변화가 곡선식의 신뢰도를 파악할 수 있도록 구성되었다. 마지막으로 GZF 평가 모듈은 기 개발된 곡선식의 GZF와 금회 개발될 곡선식의 GZF를 비교 분석할 수 있도록 구성되었다. 본 연구의 성과는 향후 수위-유량관계곡선식을 개발할 때 GZF 산정의 오류를 감소시켜 앞으로 개발될 곡선식의 신뢰도 향상에 기여를 할 것으로 판단된다.소를 파악해야한다. 7. 부아 유대에 대한 위협요소 확인을 위한 도구개발과 그들에 대한 효과적인 간호전략이 필요 된다. 8. 가족에 있어서 모든 부모행위가 하나의 독립변수로서 연구되어야 하고 부아유대 증진에 관한 연구가 시도되어야겠다. 오늘날 부모들은 임신기간동안 많은 정보에 접하기를 원한다. 산전, 산후의 교육과 지식은 긍정적인 부아 관계를 증진시키고, 이것은 아동의 발달에 크게 기여할 수 있다. 긍정적으로 이러한 관계는 가족단위를 강하게 통합시키게 되므로 건강관리자(Health care workers)들은 애착에 대해 높은 관심을 갖어야 하겠다.2유수지는 BTL사업을 통해 주변공단으로부터의 오폐수를 원천적으로 차단하도록 하였으며 2유수지를 매립하여 지하는 강우시 유출수 저류가 가능한 화물차주차장으로 활용하고 지상은 녹지공간으로 조성하여 공단근로자 및 지역주민을 위한 휴식공간으로 활용될 수 있도록 제안하였다. 본 연구는 남동유수지 환경 개선 사업 실행을 위한 정책 연구로 연구결과를 인천시가 적극 수용하기로 결정함에 따라 인천시의 환경 현안 문제인 남동유수지의 수질개선을 통해 시민의 휴식 및 여가선용 공간으로 활용하기 위한 사업의 기초자료로 활용되며 이미 설계검토가 시작되었다. 본 연구결과는 유수지 및 저수지의 환경개선 사업의 선두적인 성공사례로 국내 타 지역의 유사한 사업에 있어 벤치마킹을 할 수 있는 훌륭한 사례가 될 것이다.요 생산이 증가하자 군신의 변별(辨別)과 사치를 이유로 강력하게 규제하여 백자의 확대와 발전에 걸림돌이 되었다. 둘째, 동기(銅器)의 대체품으로 자기를 만들어 충당해야할 강제성 당위성 상실로 인한 자기수요 감소를 초래하였을 것으로 사료된다. 셋째, 경기도 광주에서 백자관요가 운영되었으므로 지방인 상주지역에도 더 이상 백자를 조달받을 필요가 없이, 일반 지방관아와 서민들의 일상용기 생산으로 전락하여 소규모화 되었을 것이라고 사료

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5501-5507
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• 2015

This study seeks to identify the duties and tasks of a social welfare worker when developing a combined death education program for welfare workers using DACUM method. The program would adopt both a medical and humanistic perspective that can be applied to real life. The study period was between March 2 to March 10, 2015. The study was conducted on eight DACUM committee members who are professors in the field of healthcare or humanities and social sciences. Their medical, humanistic and social viewpoints were investigated. The results show that the focus of the education needs to be on 'the acceptance and understanding of death' and 'healing the stress from loss and suicide prevention'as tasks under the duty of 'loss and mourning'. The tasks for the duty 'the need for death education'were identified as 'death in traditional society and death in contemporary society' as well as 'understanding of issues related to death'. The results show that there is a need to develop death education programs that emphasize healing for the acceptance and understanding of death from a humanistic perspective.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 2004

The purposes of this study was to analyze the operational difference of foodservice center for homebound elderly by the presence of the dietitian. The questionnaire was developed to measure all variables for menu management and distributed to 103 meal service centers in charge of congregate meal service program and 57 centers for home-delivered meal service program. The data of 160 centers in charge of congregate meal service and home-delivered service centers were usable for analysis. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS 8.1 package program for descriptive analysis and chi-square test. Only 21.9% meal service centers had dietitians, what is more, they were not professionals who did menu management but foodservice managers, volunteers, cook or social workers. The current foodservice programs for the homebound elderly were operated without professional. In the part of menu managemet, dietitians were more actively involved in menu planning in the elderly foodservice center in the presence of the dietitians. The performance level of healthcare service was not significantly different, but the nutrition education in the elderly foodservice center with the dietitians was more frequently performed than that without the dietitians(p<0.05). In the food purchasing and food production management, the significant differences were shown that in the elderly foodservice centers in the presence of the dietitians, the proportion of the contract purchasing was significantly higher than that of direct purchasing(p<0.01). In food sanitary management, the significant differences were not shown in the part of management of keeping meal for identifying the cause of food-borne illness and left-over, but the sanitation education for the foodservice employees was performed more frequently by the presence of the dietitians(p<0.01). In conclusion, the foodservice management was more systematically conducted in the elderly foodservice centers in the presence of the dietitians than that without dietitians. The elderly foodservice program has offered the health-related support for homebound elderly. Although there were several problems in elderly foodservice management, the program delivered well-targeted, effective, and efficient nutrition services and wide range of supportive service to the at-risk older population. It needs to be managed by professional for the improvement in the elderly foodservice.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.89-106
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• 1983

After accepting the modernized western culture, we, the Koreans, had traditionally patriarchal valuation on the family life, which has been changed into modernize on in these days. Under these circumstances, we examined into family consciousness of workmen, office workers and student of universities in Pusan with questioning papers by inquiring their general views of family, marriage, family planning , and inheritance. The results obtained can be summarized as follows. 1. General views of family 1)Most of them prefer nuclear family to gross one in structure of family. In decision of family's affairs, the lower educated persons want an unilateral relationship, which means unconditional obdience to their parent's opinion. they are more concerned about the profit of the family than that of individual. on the other hand, they want 2-generations nuclear family system. 2) Concerning children's future affairs, they want compromising method. 2. Views of Marriage 1) Date with the other sex motivated their desire to improve social adaptation and social association. 17-19 year old students regard date as a preparatory stage of marriage. They consider it most desirable date to enjoy free conversation each other. They hope their date partners are high educated. 2) The conditions of mate selection are in order character, health, vitality in living, appearance and education. The less educated placed an emphasis on vitality in living. 3) They are not much interested in marital harmony. If parents are against their marriage an account of bad marital harmony, they will take into consideration about it. 4) They wish to keep purity before marriage, as possible. They want engagement period of 6 months. Any agreeable reasons shall compel them to break off their appointment. 5) they consider it ideal for mate's age to be 26-30 years old, and also think it affirmative to follow their parent's agreement in marriage. It is considerable that they put off their marriage only because they have lots of work to do before marriage. 6)Marriage declaration is to be made on the wedding day. It still exists that they don't want to marry when they are inth same surname and family tree. But it is clear that they don't regard it as the reason of breaking off the betrothal. 3. Family Planning 1) They are willing to agree to the campaign "just two is enough". They want a son and a daughter. Even though they have two daughters, they won's bear child to get son. 2) the lower educated persons are ignorant of the method of birth control. 4. Inheritance 1)Most of them say householder inheritance is to be kept up continuously. It is reasonable that anyone who can afford to perform religious service should bear it responsibility. 2)They don't want the difference in inheritance as the conscious to the conscious of the equality of the sexes spread widely into our society, but it is worthy of notice that some of them still don't mind unequal treatment. 3) When they have no child, the property inheritances are in order his wife and his parents. According to above mentions, we conclude like this: Their consciousness of marital harmony, marriage, family planning and inheritance shows definitely passive rationism in the transitional stage which is mixed with western individualism and traditional feudalism. On account of being lack of steady fast self-conscience, they can not make their positive reaction on anything. Finally, we should make every possible efforts to have our firm self-conscience through the re-education.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1-24
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Engel coefficient, Angel coefficient and Schwabe index influencing Household head's life satisfaction. For this study, the data from the 8th analysis of the 2013 Korea Welfare Panel Survey conducted by Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs were used. For the sample, 903 male Household heads with children under the age of 18, were selected. For statistical analysis, SPSS program (Ver. 21.0) was used. And for statistical methods, frequency and percentile, mean and standard deviation, Pearson's correlation, one way analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range tests, multiple regression analysis were used. The findings are as follows. First, as a results of analyzing the food costs, education costs and housing costs depending on Income Quintile, the food costs and education costs in the 5th Income Quintile compared with other Income Quintile, were highest. Also, the highest housing cost was in the 2nd Income Quintile, while the least housing cost was in the 1st Income Quintile. Second, by analyzing the differences of Engel coefficient, Angel coefficient and Schwabe index according to Income Quintile, the results show that Engel coefficient and Schwabe index decreases as Income Quintile increases, and Angel coefficient increases as Income Quintile becomes higher. Third, the level of HH's life satisfaction according to Income Quintile, 1st Income Quintile, 2nd Income Quintile, 4th Income Quintile, 3rd Income Quintile, 5th Income Quintile in order, increased. Fourth, as the result of analyzing the influence of Variables related to household and demographics about Engel coefficient, Angel coefficient and Schwabe index, it was shown that the variables effecting Engel coefficient, Angel coefficient, and Schwabe index are age, occupations, Number of workers, House ownership, Income Quintile. Fifth, As a result of analyzing the Variables effecting life satisfaction, especially while Schwabe index is not that significant, Engel coefficient and Angel coefficient are shown to have a significant influence. Therefore, the influence of Food costs and education costs can be confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.177-196
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• 2005

Today's employees are facing various socio-emotional problems due to the lack of appropriate supports and intervention in the workplace. These problems, however, cause considerable stress and inflict fatal damage on the quality of the employees' lives. Thus, this study analyzed the negative effects of the employees' socio-emotional problems on their stress, depression, and a sense of self-esteem. As a result, the study has identified that the problems occurred widely in the work life area such as job-related problem, predicament of retirement, workplace violence, family life area such as family relationship, child education, crisis problem, and lastly culture and health related area. This study also found that the socio-emotional problems in the three areas were the main stressors after all and they once again negatively affected depression and a sense of self-esteem. However, the role of social support, which is known to have the buffering effect on depression and a sense of self-esteem, was not sufficiently proved. This strongly implies that traditional social supports necessarily have limitations to overcome employees' socio-emotional problems in hand and thus systematic intervention toward the troubled workers in the organizational level must be required.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2020

The zoonotic transmission of viral diseases to humans is a serious public health concern. Pigs are frequently a major reservoir for several zoonotic viral diseases. Therefore, periodic surveillance is needed to determine the infection rates of zoonotic diseases in domestic pigs. Hepatitis E virus (HEV), rotavirus, sapovirus (SaV), and norovirus (NoV) are potential zoonotic viruses. In this study, 296 fecal samples were collected from weaned piglets and growing pigs in 13 swine farms, and the viral RNA was extracted. Partial viral genomes were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or nested-PCR using virus-specific primer sets under different PCR conditions. HEV-3, rotavirus A, and SaV genogoup 3 were detected from 11.5, 2.7, and 3.0% of the samples, respectively. On the other hand, NoV was not detected in any of the samples. Genetic analysis indicated that the nucleotide sequences of swine HEV-3 and rotavirus A detected in this study were closely related to those of human isolates. However, swine SaV was distant from the human strains. These results suggest that HEV-3 and rotavirus A can be transmitted from pigs to humans. Therefore, strict preventive measures should be implemented by workers in the swine industry to prevent infections with HEV-3 and rotavirus A excreted from pigs.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.23-41
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to explore social supports for elderly housing and their residential lives in small cities along rural counties of the United States and Canada, and suggest future implications for age-concentrated rural villages in Korea. In this study, five small and medium cities in non-metropolitan counties of California and Ontario province were visited and elderly residents and service experts were interviewed about their perceptions of community integrated social support networks for senior residences. The senior housing complexes were built due to influx of both metropolitan and rural residents seeking warm localities, traffic connections, business purposes in active production areas. and leisure attractions. There are five main social support networks for senior housing issues in these areas. First, the areas are claimed for senior zones and accordingly health industries are encouraged by local authorities. Second, the community is homogeneously constructed as a senior friendly environment and include features such as an RV park and mobile cottages. Third, senior-helping seniors are offered active work through golf-cluster active retirement communities. Fourth, traditional theme production camps are mobilized by the elderly workers. Lastly, an information system is maintained for screening volunteers and for senior abuse prevention. On the other hand, residential lives are occasionally negatively influenced by unbalanced concentrations of elderly facilities such as nursing stations and funeral homes. For the future of Korean rural elderly policies, suggestions are made as follows: first, an integrated urban and rural township that contains attractive places for early retiring people who seek a warm atmosphere in later life needs to be constructed. Second, an integrated model retirement village of urban and rural retirement life needs to be initiated as a measure of evaluating the adaptation process of movers in senior concentrated zones. Third, a cooperation system among governmental ministries needs to be formed with the long- term goal of establishing a traditional rural town of independent housing districts and medical facilities in rural areas. Fourth, productive and active lifestyles need to be maintained as the local community and government develop successful retirement rural villages, by limiting the expansion of nursing related facilities. Finally, generation integrated visiting welfare programs and services need to be further developed for the housing areas especially in the winter, when social integration and activity are relatively low.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.664-675
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to explore the nurses' perception of flexible working and present an operational guideline for implementation. The data were collected from a survey of 532 nurses conducted from 10 February to 24 February, 2015, using simple random sampling. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the data. This study found that the demanding for shorter hour shifts was highest ($M=3.89{\pm}0.87$) and 242 participants (46.2%) intended to apply the shift, followed by a fixed night shift, fixed weekend shift, and 12 hour shift. The common reasons identified were the poor environment of shift work and the challenges of child care. The increased time for personal development, relaxation activity to improve the quality of life and child care was highlighted and work-life balance was noted as a positive impact of flexible working. The negative impacts of flexible working were being likely to become temporary workers. These results can help establish uniform working conditions of nurses in the future by providing a standardized operational guideline as a precondition for reasonable compensation and working environment according to a flexible working pattern.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

This research examined the presence of hazardous materials in chemical workplace field using an integrated chemical/biological monitoring. Chemical workplace field air for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis was collected using a collection tube packed with Tena.x TA adsorbent 400 mg. Workplace field air samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Simultaneously, Tradescantia BNL 4430 clone was exposed in situ to monitor hazardous materials in chemical workplace field. GC/MS analysis showed the presence of various VOCs such as trichloroethylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, (m,p,o)-xylenes, styrene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. The results showed that in situ monitoring of VOCs with the Tradescantia-micronucleus (Trad-MCN) assay gave positive results in chemical workplace field and negative response at outdoor air. In conclusion, inhalation of these field air by workers may affect chronic demage to their health by inducing micronuclei formation in Tradescantia pollen mother cells. The combination of chemical/biological monitoring is very effective to evaluate hazardous materials in workplace field and can be alternatively used for screening hazardous materials.