• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hypertriglyceridemia may be a more important predictor of cardiovascular disease in Asian population consuming carbohydrate-rich foods than in Western populations. Dairy products are known to play a beneficial role in obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, but the results vary depending on gender and obesity. In this study, we investigated the associations between dairy product intake and hypertriglyceridemia in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The participants were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012 (KNHANES IV and V). A total of 22,836 participants aged 19-64 years were included in the analysis. A food frequency questionnaire used to determine the frequency of consumption of products (milk and yogurt). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associations between dairy product intake and hypertriglyceridemia. RESULTS: A significantly decreased risk of hypertriglyceridemia was detected in the highest dairy product intake frequency group (≥ 1 time/day) (odd ratio [OR] = 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64-0.97, P for trend = 0.022) compared to that for the lowest dairy product intake frequency group. Among obese participants, the group with the highest intakes of milk (in men, OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.46-0.91, P for trend = 0.036) and yogurt (in women; OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.29-0.94, P for trend = 0.019) showed inverse associations with hypertriglyceridemia. No associations were detected in normal weight participants. CONCLUSION: The association between dairy product intake and hypertriglyceridemia differed by gender and obesity status. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these associations.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.364-372
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of medicinal plants application as an edible functional food resource. We carried out to develop a traditional functional beverage by using hot-water extraction of 4 medicinal plants (Polygonatun sibiricum, Ophiopogonis radix, Lycii fructus, Schizandriae frutcus) and we examined the effects of drink on physiological response during exercise and recovery phase. The subjects were male baseball players, and exercise protocol was performed with 45 minutes treadmill running and 85％ VO$_2$ max intensity. Brix, pH and titratable acidity of developed drink were 9.5％, 3.3 and 0.22％. The approximate nutritional composition of beverage was carbohydrate, 5.98％, total dietary fiber, 0.42％, crude protein, 0.70％, crude fat, 0.20％ and crude ash, 0.20％. Developed. traditional functional beverage contained K (4.00 mg％), Na (3.68mg％), Ca (2.54mg％), Mg (1.60mg％) and Fe (0.29mg％). Developed beverage drinking group showed a lowest heart rate during exercise and recovery phase than the other two group (water group and ion beverage group). In the change of blood lactate concentration, developed beverage intake group showed a significant lowest values during exercise and recovery phase. And blood hematocrit values and osmolarity were lowest in the developed beverage intake group. In these results, exercise performance capacity was expected to improve most highly with the developed drink from composition with medicinal plants. Also developed beverage was effective in recovery of exercise-induced fatigue. Thus developed drink with medicinal plants can be used as a functional material improving decrease fatigue effects in beverage industry.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.26-37
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• 2012

This study was done to analyze the consumption patterns of health functional food (HFF) as well as to perform needs assessment for the development of web-contents on HFF according to age of adults. The subjects were 238 male and female adults, divided into 4 groups by their age. This study collected all information by self-administrated questionnaires. The awareness on HFF was high in the older adults. The younger adults showed more negative responses to reliability and safety on HFF. The main reason for the consumption of HFF was to supplement nutrients and to prevent diseases. The main types of HFF consumed by adults were nutritional supplementary food, red ginseng products, and glucosamine products. There was higher consumption of nutritional supplementary food in the younger adults and glucosamine products in the older adults. Internet users had low level of satisfaction, with tendency to complain poor contents, reliability, difficulties in searching as problems of the pre-existing HFF websites. As useful methods for provision of information on HFF, most adults wanted general information, articles written by experts and videos. They also wanted to know the safety and side effects of HFF. Requirement of contents composition were various in-depth information, clear indication of citation, fresh updated data while that of display composition was easily-findable, uncomplicated, allowing mutual exchange of communication through bulletin board. These results can be used as basic data that reflect the consumer's needs for developing HFF web-contents according to age of adults.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2010

There has been no genome-wide association study (GWAS) for macronutrient intake as a quantitative trait. To explore genetic loci associated with total calorie and macronutrient intake, genome-wide association data of autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from Korean adults were analyzed. We conducted a GWAS in 3,690 men and women aged 40 to 60 years from an urban population-based cohort. At the baseline examination (June 18, 2001 through January 29, 2003), DNA samples of the study subjects were collected and analyzed for genotyping. The information of average daily consumption of total calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and fat was obtained from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and transformed by natural logarithm for analyses after adjustment of calorie intake. Using multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and height, we tested for 352,021 SNPs and found weak associations, which do not reach genome-wide association significance, with calorie and macronutrient intake. However, a number of SNPs were found to have potential associations with macronutrient intake; in particular, signals in SORBS1 and those in PRKCB1 were likely associated with carbohydrate and fat intake, respectively. We observed an inverse association between the minor allele of the SNPs in these genes and the amount of consumption of carbohydrate or fat. Our GWAS identified loci and minor alleles weakly associated with macronutrient intake. Because SORBS1 and PRKCB1 are reportedly associated with the metabolism of glucose and lipid as well as with obesity-related diseases, further investigations on biological and functional roles of polymorphism of these genes in the relation to macronutrient intake are warranted.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2022

As cholesterol intake increases, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is also increasing. With increasing food selection considering health, consumption of functional foods that can help health is also expected to increase. Ginger is rich in minerals (such as potassium and magnesium) and antioxidants. Antioxidants have been shown to be effective in lowering blood cholesterol levels. Therefore, we would like to produce madeleines helpful for hypercholesterolemia by adding ginger syrup to madeleines recently consumed as desserts. In this study, the quality and characteristics were analyzed after making madeleine by adding ginger syrup at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Baking loss was significantly reduced as the addition amount increased (p<0.001). The pH value decreased as the addition amount increased except for the 5% added group (p<0.001). The b value of the chromaticity showed a significant increase from the 5% addition group (p<0.001). Regarding textures, hardness (p=0.006), gumminess (p=0.001), and chewiness (p=0.001) all decreased as the addition amount increased. Regarding antioxidant activity, polyphenol, DPPH, and ABTS values were significantly increased as addition amount increased (p<0.001). Consequently, Madeleine using ginger syrup rich in antioxidants is expected to help health.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.1226-1233
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• 2015

본 연구는 부산지역 중 고등학교 남녀 학생 833명을 대상으로 김치 섭취 실태 및 기능성 김치 개발에 대한 태도를 설문 조사 하였다. 조사대상자는 중학생이 65.2%, 고등학생이 34.8%, 남학생이 51.3%, 여학생이 48.7%였다. 김치의 가장 선호하는 맛으로는 '매운맛', 가장 선호하지 않는 맛으로는 '신맛'이라고 하였다. 주로 김치를 섭취하는 장소로는 집이 64.3%, 학교가 33.7%였다. 배추김치의 숙성 정도로는 '잘 익은 김치', 김치 섭취량은 '하루 두 번 섭취', 한 끼에 섭취하는 김치의 양은 '3~4조각'이 가장 높게 나타났다. 김치를 섭취하는 이유는 '맛이 있어서'가 가장 높았고, '습관적으로', '건강에 좋아서' 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 섭취하지 않는 이유로 '입맛에 맞지 않아서'라고 하였다. 학교급식용 김치에 대해 전체 응답자 중 65.1%가 '학생들의 입맛을 고려한 김치 개발'을 요구하였고, 향후 개발 김치에 대한 섭취 의향으로 맛이 개선된 김치를 제공하면 김치 섭취량이 '증가할 것이다'라는 응답이 80.6%, 기능성이 개선된 김치를 제공하면 김치 섭취량이 '증가할 것이다'라는 응답이 65.2%로 나타났다. 또한 김치에 첨가하고 싶은 과일 부재료로 배(41.3%), 사과(24.6%), 파인애플(10.3%)로 나타났고, 학생들이 원하는 기능성 증진의 종류로는 '성장 발달'이 59.5%, '체중 감량'이 40.4%, '학습능력 개선'이 32.8%, '질병 예방'이 15.5%였다. 이상에서 청소년의 기호와 요구에 맞는 김치 개발을 통해 청소년의 김치 섭취와 기능성 김치에 대한 관심이 점차적으로 증가될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2008

마늘과 대두배아의 발효물을 반응시켜 allithiamine의 함량이 기존의 마늘에 비해 6배 증가한 바이오갈릭을 제조하였다. 바이오갈릭이 고지방 식이에 의해 유발되는 과체중 및 고지혈증에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 고지방에 1%의 바이오 갈릭이 포함된 식이를 제조하고 이를 흰쥐에 8주간 공급하였다. 바이오갈릭은 흰쥐의 식이 섭취량에는 영향을 끼치지 않았으나 체중의 증가 정도를 유의적으로 억제하였다. 또한 혈중 총콜레스테롤 및 중성지방의 수준을 저하시켰으며, HDL-콜레스테롤의 수준을 증가시키는 효과를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 바이오갈릭에는 동맥경화지수를 감소시키는 생리활성이 있는 것을 알 수 있었으며 향후 혈행개선 효과를 갖는 건강 지향적 식품소재로서의 사용에 대한 가능성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2013

본 연구는 어류를 포함한 식품에서 PCBs 오염도 조사하고, 우리나라 전체 국민이 식품을 통해 노출되는 PCBs 수준 및 안전성을 평가하였다. 국내유통 식품 중 PCBs 오염도 실태조사를 위해 다소비 다빈도 식품 28개 품목을 선정하고 검체 382건을 구매하였고, 식품 중 PCBs 오염도 조사를 한 결과, 62종 PCBs의 검출량은 N.D.$-182.4{\mu}g/kg$ (평균 $5.4{\mu}g/kg$)이였고, 본 연구에서 조사된 PCBs의 오염도는 다른 문헌보다 상대적으로 낮거나 유사한 수준이었다. 노출 및 위해성 평가를 위해 식품별 섭취를 통한 PCBs 노출량을 산출한 후, 일본에서 설정한 TDI 값 대비 위해도를 평가하였다. 식품 섭취를 통한 전체국민의 평균 PCBs 노출량은 9.54 ng/kg b.w./day로 TDI 대비 0.19% 수준이었다. 따라서 국내 유통 식품을 통한 전체국민의 PCBs 평균 노출수준은 인체노출안전기준보다 낮은 위해도를 보임으로써, 우리나라 국민은 식품에 존재하는 PCBs에 대하여 건강상 위해 수준이 낮은 것으로 사료된다.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 국민건강영양조사 1998년(제1기)부터 2008년(제4기 2차) 조사까지 총 5기의 식품섭취조사 자료를 이용하여, '들깻잎, 생것', '들깻잎, 데친것', '들깻잎, 찐것', '들깻잎, 통조림'의 섭취자 및 섭취량에 대한 분석을 시행하였다. 특히, 국민건강영양조사의 식품 섭취량 자료로부터 합리적이고 객관적으로 들깻잎 섭취자의 수 및 섭취량을 산출할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 들깻잎의 섭취량에 대한 분석은 국민건강영양조사의 전체 응답자의 평균 섭취량(응답자 평균 섭취량), 들깻잎 섭취자의 평균 섭취량(섭취자 평균 섭취량), 상위 5%의 극단 섭취자의 평균 섭취량(극단 섭취량), 남성 및 여성의 평균 섭취량, 20세 미만과 20세 이상의 평균 섭취량의 5가지의 항목으로 구분하여 분석되었다. 들깻잎 섭취자의 수 및 섭취량을 분석한 결과 들깻잎 섭취자의 수는 조사연도별로 균일한 분포를 나타내었으며, 1일 7-10명 중 1명이 들깻잎을 섭취한다는 결과를 도출하였다. 남성과 여성의 섭취자 비율은 여성이 남성에 비해 평균 1.22배 더 많았다. 응답자 평균 섭취량은 2.20 g이었으며, 섭취자의 평균 섭취량은 2005년에서 가장 높았고(21.40 g), 1998년과 2008년에 비하여 0.24 g 정도 증가하였다. 대부분의 조사연도에서 남성의 섭취량이 여성에 비해 높았고, 20세 미만의 섭취량은 전체적으로 20세 이상 섭취량보다 낮았다. 극단 섭취량 1998년에서 2005년까지의 섭취량이 평균 78.02 g으로 높았지만, 2007년과 2008년에는 평균 55.58 g로 낮아졌다. 들깻잎 섭취형태를 분석한 결과 '들깻잎, 생것', '들깻잎, 통조림', '들깻잎, 데친것', '들깻잎, 찐것' 순으로 응답자 수 및 섭취량 순위가 결정되었다. 그 중 '들깻잎, 데친것', '들깻잎, 찐것'의 데이터가 충분치 않아 결과가 좋지 않게 나왔다. 또한 국민건강영양조사 식품 섭취량 데이터는 2007년부터 상시조사를 시작하였으며, 그 이전에는 시행된 연도에 따라 조사 기간 및 계절이 1998년과 2001년에는 11-12월, 2005년에는 4-6월로 일관되지 않았기 때문에 연간 일일 섭취량을 판단하는 데 한계가 있을 것이라 생각된다. 본 연구의 결과를 확대하면 들깻잎 이외의 다른 농산물, 축산물, 수산물 및 이들의 가공품에도 적용할 수 있다. 이러한 식품의 섭취량에 대한 객관적인 정보는 농축수산물 및 가공식품을 통해 의도 또는 비의도적으로 섭취하는 화학 잔류물질의 위해성 평가를 위한 좋은 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2022

Background: This study compares and analyzes the degree of oral health information literacy by 25% for upper and lower grades to assess how differences in mothers' oral health information literacy affect infants' oral health behavior. Methods: The study surveyed 201 mothers with infants and children using a 36 question survey tool. Cross-analysis was conducted to determine the difference in oral health information literacy between the upper and the lower 25%. Results: Comparing 25% of the upper and lower grades of verbal oral health information literacy scores, the word with the most significant difference in the correct answer was resin. An item asking about the time to eat after fluoride varnish application showed the most significant difference in the correct answer on the functional oral health information literacy scale. Mothers' oral and functional oral health information literacy scores showed that verbal literacy was statistically significant for brushing guidance after children's meals, brushing guidance before children's bedtime, food intake restrictions before bedtime, and restrictions on consumption of cavity-inducing foods (p<0.05). Functional literacy was statistically significant in the post-brushing test of children and the correct brushing method map items (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result of comparing and analyzing the upper and lower 25% of the mother's oral health information literacy, it was found that the mother's oral health information literacy affected the infant's oral health behavior. Therefore, systematic education is needed to raise literacy by grasping the level of oral health information literacy of mothers, and oral health education by level according to oral health information literacy should be developed.