• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.10 no.8
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed how risk factors in management affect the management of working capital in general hospitals in Korea. The data used accounting information for three years (2016~2017 and 2018) of 271 general hospitals using the medical institution accounting information disclosure system. The independent variables were the working capital level and the cash conversion cycle, The dependent variables were operational risk and market risk, Control variables were selected as components of working capital(cash, accounts receivable, inventory assets, accounts payable). According to the study, the lower the operational risk, the higher the level of working capital hospitals in Korea. Working capital decisions were confirmed to be attributable to operating risks, cash, inventory assets and accounts payable. And the lower the market risk (Operating Margin), the higher the cash conversion cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to review appropriate management measures of operational risks, cash, inventory assets and accounts payable identified as operating capital determinants so that medical institutions can also have economic response capabilities in consideration of the specificity of their operations.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.222-230
• /
• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to design a research to find clinical factors involved in the decision-making process for determining the constitutional prescription based on prospective clinical data. Methods We have created a draft of the case report form. Therefore, seven constitutional experts was interviewed for additional items to be important used to determine the constitutional prescription in clinic. Interviews were done from December 2012 to March 2014, experts per person 2-3 times, took time of about 120 minutes per interview. Since then, we developed the final case report form through the expert meeting. At the same time, the developing the electronic case report form (eCRF) and the protocol to collect constitutional treatment cases was also discussed. Results & Conclusions The items of the case report form were subject general, lifestyle, health measurement, record of expert, prescription and evaluation after medication. The part of the clinical symptoms of the record of expert allowed to be recorded in the 5-point scale for the collection of quantitative data as much as possible. Assuming a re-visit of the patient, if necessary, twice the recording were to be possible. At the same time, the eCRF and the protocol to collect constitutional treatment cases were also developed. In this study, it will be able to more objectively standardize the medical decision making process that the experts of constitutional prescription decision. As a result, it will be possible to provide the standardized constitutional medical services.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.45-70
• /
• 1991

1. 문제점(Setting of Problems) 산업의 급진적인 진보는 고도의 기술사회(high-tech societies)를 창출해 내었고, 이로 인해 생산양식뿐만 아니라, 가치체계 및 생활양식이 급진적으로 변화하였다. 동시에, 산업화 및 생활수준의 향상은 인구통계학적 변천(demographic transition)을 가져와, 인구의 노령화가 이루어졌다. 산업화에 의해 발생된 이러한 현상들, 즉 가치체계의 변화와 인구의 노령화가 바로 문제의 핵심인 것이다. 산업화는 효율(efficiency)에 높은 가치를 부여함으로써, 정신적인 인간관계측면의 중요성을 무시하고, 노령화란 다차원적(multi-dimensional) 문제를 일으켰다. 이러한 문제들의 해결책으로서 서구적인 가치개념은 노인들의 생활의 질(quality of life)를 향상시키지 못한 것으로 생각된다. 따라서, 물질적인 면 이외에 정신적인 면의 접근법을 필요로 하게 되는 것이다. 2. 연구의 목적(Objective of the Study) 이 연구의 목적은 한국에 있어서의 인구의 노령화의 원인과 결과에 대한 연구를 하는데 있다. 이러한 연구에 의해 노령화라는 다차원적 문제에 대한 지식을 얻으므로써, 사회, 공동체 및 가족 수준에서의 노령화 문제를 다루는데 있어 비서구적 접근법 및 정책적 전략에 관한 방안을 제시하게 되기를 희망한다. 3. 방법론(Methodology) 1) 자료 수집(Data Collection) 자료는 다음 세가지 원천으로 부터 얻어졌다. 첫째, 출판된 자료 및 회의서류 둘째, 한국보건사회연구원과의 협조로 행해진 설문지 조사 셋째, 자체 연구팀에 의해 행해진 면담 2) 자료분석(Data Analysis) 인과분석(cause-effect types of analysis)은 probit, logit, path analyses에 의해 행해졌다. 이 연구논문에는 trend analysis의 결과는 제시되지 않았는데, 이는 다양한 정부기관에 의해 출간된 분석들과 유사하기 때문이다. 4. 연구분석의 결과 첫째, 경제적 요인은 노인들의 생활상태를 결정하는데 가장 중요한 요인이라는 것을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 노인의 사회적인 통합이 강할수록 보다 행복한 생활을 영위하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 성(sex), 교육정도, 주거지역 등이 노인의 고용상태 및 소득수준과 큰 관계가 있다. 넷째, 교육정도, 사회적 결합(social integration) 등이 건강상태와 밀접한 관계가 있다. 다섯째, 사회적 통합, 건강상태, 독립심 등이 노인의 정서적 상태에 큰 영향을 미친다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 2006

Objectives : In this study we examined the association between the genetic markers ACE (A-240T, C-93T, I/D, A2350G), AGT (M235T), AT1R (A1166C), CYP11B2 (T344C, V386A), REN (G2646A), ADRB2 (G46A, C79G, T47C, T1641), GNB3 (C825T) and ADD1 (G460W) and the presence of essential hypertension in adolescents. Methods : The Kangwha Study is an 18-year prospective study that is aimed at elucidating the determinants of the blood pressure level from childhood to early adulthood. For this study, we constructed a case-control dataset of size of 277 and 40 family trios data from the Kangwha Study. For this purpose, we perform a single locus-based case-control association study and a single locus-based TDT (transmission/disequilibrium test) study. Results : In the case-control study, the single locus-based association study indicated that the ADD1 (G460W) (p=0.0403), AGT (M235T) (p=0.0002), and REN (G2646A) (p=0.0101) markers were significantly associated with the risk of hypertension. These results were not confirmed on the TDT study. This study showed that genetic polymorphisms of the ADD1, AGT and REN genes might be related to the hypertension in Korean adolescents. Conclusions : This study provided useful information on genetics markers related to blood pressure. Further study will be needed to confirm the effect of the alpha adducin gene, the angiotensinogen gene and the renin gene on essential hypertension.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.9
• /
• pp.2492-2500
• /
• 2009

This study was carried to examine overall psychopathological patterns of the Vietnam Civil War Veterans(Agent Orange patients)and Korean Civil War veterans(wounded soldier) using Rorschach tests. Test protocols of were compared with those of twenty Vietnam Civil War Veterans group and twenty-one Korean Civil War veterans. Rorschach protocols were administrated, scored, analysed according to the Exner's comprehensive system. Specifically, each Rorschach variable was divided into 3 clusters(e.g., core section, response determinants, and several special indices. The results of t-tests between the Vietnam Civil War Veterans group and the Korean Civil War veterans showed that Vietnam Civil War Veterans group were characterized as 1)cognitive rigidity, 2) ineffective problem solving, 3)emotional represion, 4)hypervigilance, 5)anxiety and 6) depressive tendency. These patterns suggest that still Vietnam Civil War Veterans experience the past trauma and lasting psychological seguela. Other implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• 모자간호학회지
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.45-58
• /
• 1991

The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the determinants of mother's choice of infant feeding method on immediate postpartum period & the breast feeding practice after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5months. The subjects were 170 mothers who were delivered at 2 hospital, 2 OBGY clinics, 1 midwifery in Jinju, the data were collected from Jan. 1 to Feb. 20 of 1991, form each subject at two periods of time ; postpartum 2 or 3 days via interview, 5months via telephone interview. The results were as fellows : 1. The propotion of mother planned exclusive breast-feeding was 66.5%, milk feeding 17.6%, mixed feeding 15.9%, End 38.9% of mothers planned to breast-feed their infants for 4-6moths, 25.7% for more than 12 months. The major reasons for selection of milk feeding method were the presence of mother's job(26.7%), the conditions of breast & milk production(23.7%). 2. There were significant relations between the choice of feeding method & the presence of s job(p<.01), & parity(p<.01). 3. The percentages of subjects that were received education about the advantages & method of breast feeding were 63.5%, 38.2%, respectively, & the informants were mass media, 89.8%, 81.5%. 4. The most of mothers had the knowledge about the advantages of breast feeding. 5. The percentage of mothers that practiced breast feeding on postpartum were 75.9%. 6. The rates of breast feeding practice by duration were more than 5months, 60.5%, 1 month, 27.1%, 2-4 months. 12.3%. 7. The reasons for the stop of breast feeding were the decrease of milk volume(22.9%), the presence of mother's job(17.4%). 8. The duration of breast feeding practice were differed significantly by the presence of mother's job, type of delivery, rooming-in, planned duration of breast feeding, the first feeding time.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.417-426
• /
• 2021

Background: Non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) is a common patient complaint imposing great costs on the healthcare system. It is associated with psychological factors such as depression. The aim of the present study is determining depression predictors in NCCP patients. Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study were 361 NCCP patients. Patients filled out questionnaires concerning their sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors (severity of pain, type D personality, somatization, cardiac anxiety, fear of body sensations, and depression). Results: Based on multiple ordinal logistic regression, lack of physical activity (odds ratio [OR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-2.87), sleep quality (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 1.15-7.69), being a smoker (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 2.41-4.03), present pain intensity (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.11), type D personality (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.47-4.03), and somatization (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.15-1.3) were significant predictors of depression in NCCP patients. Additionally, multiple linear regression showed that being unmarried (β = 1.51, P = 0.008), lack of physical activity (β = 1.22, P = 0.015), sleep quality (β = 2.26, P = 0.022), present pain intensity (β = 0.07, P = 0.045), type D personality (β = 1.87, P < 0.001), somatization (β = 0.45, P < 0.001), and fear of bodily sensation (β = 0.04, P = 0.032) increased significantly depression scores in NCCP patients. Conclusions: Physicians should consider the predictors of depression in NCCP patients which can lead to receiving effective psychological consultations and reducing the costs and ineffectual referrals to medical centers.

• Korean journal of medical education
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.327-337
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Patient education is a dynamic and continuous process that should be implemented during the entire time of hospital stay and even afterward. Studies have shown the typically poor quality of patient education in Iran and its failure to convey the required knowledge and skills to patients. The purpose of this study was to survey the experience of nursing students in regard to the challenges of patient education in hospitals. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the conventional qualitative content analysis approach on a sample of 21 undergraduate nursing students (4th semester and beyond), which was drawn from the Qom Nursing and Midwifery School through purposive sampling with maximum variation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted over a period of 45 to 75 minutes, and were analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis. Results: Results were derived from the experiences of 21 nursing students (nine males, 12 females) about the research subject. The primary themes identified in the study were the student-related, patient-related, instructor-related, education environment-related, and curriculum-related barriers to patient educations. Conclusion: Participants believed that patient education in Iranian hospitals is faced with many challenges. Nursing instructors and curriculum planners should ensure more emphasis on patient education at the initial semesters of nursing education curriculum and make sure that it is included in the evaluation of students. Hospital officials should provide a dedicated education environment with suitable facilities, tools, and atmosphere for patient education. Also, special education programs need to be developed for less educated patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to investigate how the psychological constructs of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) affect the individual intention of behaviors in adults. Social support is also important in enabling the stability of healthy eating. This study examined the relationship between three major constructs of TPB as well as social support and the intention of healthy dietary behaviors in adults residing in Beijing, China using the extended TPB. Methods: The study questionnaire was based on previously validated items and an online survey was conducted from October to November 2020. Using a total of 244 Chinese adults in Beijing, multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the relationships between three major constructs of TPB as well as the social support and intention of healthy eating. Results: Among the three major constructs of TPB, subjective norms (p = 0.044) and PBC (p = 0.000) were significantly related to the behavioral intention of healthy eating (p = 0.000), and the model explained 76.6% of the variance of the behavioral intention from the three constructs of TPB included in the multiple linear regression model. The additional inclusion of social support to the model did not increase the explanatory power of the model to describe the behavioral intention of healthy eating. The subjective norms (p = 0.040) and PBC (p = 0.000) were still significant where social support did not explain the variance of the behavioral intention adequately. Conclusion: The subjective norms and PBC may be potential determinants of the behavioral intention of healthy eating in adults residing in Beijing, China. These study results can be used to promote healthy eating in Chinese adults living in urban areas. Large-scale intervention studies will be needed to determine if social norms and PBC predict the actual behaviors of healthy eating in Chinese adults.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.260-271
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of obesity has been increasing in Korean children. As an unhealthy diet is known as one of the major determinants of childhood obesity, assessing and monitoring dietary fat intake of children is needed. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This analysis included 9,998 children aged 3-11 yrs from the 2007-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Dietary data were obtained from a single 24-h dietary recall. Intakes of total fat and fatty acids, including saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), n-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA), and n-6 fatty acid (n-6 FA) were evaluated as the absolute amount (g) and proportion of energy from each fatty acid (% of energy). The total fat and SFA intake were also assessed according to compliance with dietary guidelines. Linear trends in the dietary fats intake across the survey period were tested using multiple regression models. RESULTS: Total fat intake significantly increased from 38.5g (20.3% of energy) to 43.4g (23.3% of energy) from 2007 to 2017. This increase was mainly accounted for the increases in intakes of SFA (7.2% to 8.4% of energy) and MUFA (6.2% to 7.5% of energy). PUFA intake increased from 4.4 to 4.7% of energy during the 11-yrs period: from 0.57 to 0.63% of energy for n-3 FA and from 3.8 to 4.1% of energy for n-6 FA. The proportions of children who consumed amounts exceeding the dietary guidelines for total fat and SFA significantly increased from 2007 to 2017, with increases from 9.8% to 17.4% for total fat and from 36.9% to 50.9% for SFA. CONCLUSIONS: Prominent increasing trends in the consumption of total fat and SFA but tiny change in n-3 FA intake were observed in Korean children. The healthy intake of dietary fats should be emphasized in this population.