• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.65-78
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• 2011

Purpose : We investigated the career choice and the employment preparation of emergency medical technology (EMT) students. The results of study will provide the base information about the consciousness for career choice and employment of the EMT students. Method : We conducted 1,586 surveys from 665 students at six four-year colleges and 921 students at seven three-year colleges, from Aug. 27th to Oct. 31st in 2010. The result was analyzed by SPSS 18.0 using description statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe and Pearson correlation coefficient. Result : The general characteristics showed male 50.2% and female 49.8%, and first grade 34.6%, second grade 27.4%, third grade 28.2%, and fourth grade 9.8%. The 53.9% of students had experienced the hospital training and the 44.8% did the fire station training. For the choice of job, there were the 61.8% student who hope to enter the employ in fire station or public service, while 25.7% students hope to be employed in hospitals. The reason for a wish job were 'majors-related job' in 18.2% students, 'employment stability' in 17.2% and 'hit on the aptitude and talent' in 16.7%, 'appropriate salaries' in 15.9%. In the questionnaire of the University what to assist you for job preparation, they chose the 'support for get major related license', 'support for officer exam preparation' and 'support of foreign language study' in 34.6%, 16.8% and 16.6%, respectively. For achieved licence, they had a driver's license in 53.9%, BLS (basic life support) provider in 20.3%, life guard in 16.2% and scuba in 8.8%. The statistically significant correlation was identified between the awareness of University that provides job information and one's career awareness (r= .203, p<.000), the awareness that University provide job information and one's confidence in employment (r= .236, p<.000), and one's career awareness and one's confidence in employment (r = .356, p = .000). Conclusion : The most of EMT Students are well conscious of the their future employment and has prepared career to be employed their preference job.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2018

CATCH 22 증후군(CATCH 22 Syndrome)은 선천성 심장기형, 비정상적인 안모, 흉선 형성부전, 구개열, 저칼슘혈증을 특징으로 하나 임상양상은 다양하게 나타난다. 본 증례는 치과 검진에 비협조적이고 다수의 치아 우식을 보이는 4세 5개월의 CATCH 22 증후군 환자를 전신마취 하에 효과적으로 치료하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. CATCH 22 증후군 환아는 선천적 심장기형을 동반하는 경우가 많아 의과적 자문 하에 치과 치료를 시행해야 한다. 간단한 치료의 경우 의과적 자문 하에 진정법 시행을 고려해 볼 수 있으나 불안정한 생징후를 보일 수 있어 보다 면밀한 모니터링을 요한다. CATCH22 환아의 전신상태에 대한 충분한 이해 및 술전 평가를 바탕으로 한 주의깊게 시행된 전신마취 술식은 다발성 치아우식의 치료에 있어서 보다 안전하고 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.222-238
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of music therapy as a nursing intervention on changes in recovery of consciousness and vital signs for postoperative patients in the recovery room. The subject for this study were fifty three of postoperative patients who were transferred from the OR to the RR at Kwangju Christian Hospital in Kwangju City. Thirty of them were assigned to the experimental group, and twenty three, to the control group. The age of the subject was between twenty and sixty years of age. The subject had a general anesthesia without any special complications, and they were not completely awake. The data were collected for six months from July 1999 to February 2000. The method used was to compare the condition of the subjects in each group at the beginning and at certain times repeatedly. The features observed were the level of consciousness, the frequency of complaints of pain, and vital signs of the subject before and 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after hearing their favorite music for 30 minutes. The results are as follows 1. The recovery of consciousness was revealed through significant changes in facial expression, facial color, and grip strength in the experimental group more strongly than in the control group. No significant changes were shown in verbal order. The differences in recovery of consciousness in the pre-post music therapy between the two groups was not significant in verbal order, facial expression, or grip strength. However, significant changes were seen in facial color. 2. There were no significant differences between the two groups in changes in the frequency of pain complaints after music therapy. However, a significant difference was shown in the pre-post music therapy scres. 3. Vital signs did not show a significant difference between the two groups. However, the $SPO_2$ of the experimental group was significantly elevated after 60 minutes. The difference pre-post to the music therapy in the vital signs between two groups was significant only in body temperature. This study showed that the effect of music therapy given to postoperative patients is that it promotes changes in facial expression, facial color, and grip strength helping recovery of consciousness, stabilizing vital signs, elevating levels of $SPO_2$. and reducing complaints of pain. It is recommended that if the patient wants it music therapy be given right after surgery in the recovery room as a nursing intervention.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권8호
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• pp.17.1-17.13
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• 2017

Background: Omega-3 long-chain (${\geq}C_{20}$) polyunsaturated fatty acids (${\omega}3$ LC-PUFA) confer important attributes to health-conscious meat consumers due to the significant role they play in brain development, prevention of coronary heart disease, obesity and hypertension. In this study, the ${\omega}3$ LC-PUFA content of raw and cooked Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle from genetically divergent Australian prime lambs supplemented with dietary degummed crude canola oil (DCCO) was evaluated. Methods: Samples of LTL muscle were sourced from 24 first cross ewe and wether lambs sired by Dorset, White Suffolk and Merino rams joined to Merino dams that were assigned to supplemental regimes of degummed crude canola oil (DCCO): a control diet at 0 mL/kg DM of DCCO (DCCOC); 25 mL/kg DM of DCCO (DCCOM) and 50 mL/kg DCCO (DCCOH). Lambs were individually housed and offered 1 kg/day/head for 42 days before being slaughtered. Samples for cooked analysis were prepared to a core temperature of $70^{\circ}C$ using conductive dry-heat. Results: Within raw meats: DCCOH supplemented lambs had significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic (EPA, $20:5{\omega}3$) and EPA + docosahexaenoic (DHA, $22:6{\omega}3$) acids than those supplemented with DCCOM or DCCOC; Dorset sired lambs contained significantly (P < 0.05) more EPA and EPA + DHA than other sire breeds; diet and sire breed interactions were significant (P < 0.05) in affecting EPA and EPA + DHA concentrations. In cooked meat, ${\omega}3$ LC-PUFA concentrations in DCCOM (32 mg/100 g), DCCOH (38 mg/100 g), Dorset (36 mg/100 g), White Suffolk (32 mg/100 g), ewes (32 mg/100 g) and wethers (33 mg/100 g), all exceeded the minimum content of 30 mg/100 g of edible cooked portion of EPA + DHA for Australian defined 'source' level ${\omega}3$ LC-PUFA classification. Conclusion: These results present that combinations of dietary degummed crude canola oil, sheep genetics and culinary preparation method can be used as effective management tools to deliver nutritionally improved ${\omega}3$ LC-PUFA lamb to meat consumers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.329-343
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• 2000

This study was conducted to measure the degree of Korean Gender Egalitarianism among the students from six different high schools(132 girls, 127 boys) in Sunchon si, Chunnam province from Dec. 7th to Dec. 15th in 1999. The survey on gender egalitarianism was done in relation to the public understanding of the subject matter, parents' hug times, and parent's communication skills. Korean gender egalitari- anism scale was standardized by Korea Woman Developmental Institutes in 1999. The data was analyzed by SAS program. Results were as follows: 1) Generally, girls are more conscious of gender egalitariannism than boys(t=-13.79, p<.001). Above all, the younger the students are, the more they feel equal(F=8.01, p<.01). In sibling cases, two sisters have the highest level of gender egalitarianism while two brothers have the lowest level of gender egalitarianism(F=9.20, p<.001). Students who come from religious families are more inclined to demonstrate gender equality(t= 2.42, p<.05). However, there is no difference in relation to the parents' ages or academic background or harmony within the family. 2) There is no difference that girls and boys generally communicate with their parents. In ages, 17 years old students communicate more than 18, 19 with parents(father F=3.97 p<.05ㆍmother F=5.31, p<.01). That is, the younger students can communicate with their mothers more often than the older ones. In sibling cases, two sisters have more openly communication to parents while two brothers have(F=2.84, p<.05). Students communicate with their parents regardless of parents' academic background. But those from the family in harmony have more open chance to communicate than those who are not in hamony(father F=21.66, p<.001ㆍmother F=13.37, p<.001). They can comm -unicate with their parents better when their fathers hug them than when they didn't get hugs(father t=-4.76, p<.001ㆍ mother t= -2.34, p<.05). They can also communicate with their patents better when their mothers hug them once or more than when they didn't get hugs(father t=-3.78, p<.001ㆍmother t=-5.64, p<.001). 3) There is no difference whether the father hugs or not, but the mother's hug is very important because students whose mothers hug them once or more have significantly more gender egalitarianism than those students whose mothers didn't do(t=-3.98, p<.001). Based upon these results, it is recommended that we reconsider the role of gender in the socialization of high school students and also include gender egalitarianism in sex education. In this context, further study should be done for the improvement of students' communication within the framework of egalitarianism based upon parents' hugs(semi-language). Continued study is especially important in regards to the mother's hug and its enhancement of the students' gender egalitarianism.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.59-76
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were to identify the contents and satisfaction level of the patients received home care service, and to compare the differences of the contents by the characteristics of the patients. Seventy eight patients received home care service from 1st Jan. to 30th Sept., 1996 were data-collected to analyze the contents and outcomes of home care service. Sixty-nine patients currently receiving home care service were participated to evaluate the satisfaction level of home care service. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, $x^2$ test, and ANOVA by SPSS $PC^+$ program. The findings of this study were as follow : 1. The contents & outcomes of home care service 1) The mean age of the subjects was 64.4 years: 58% of them were female. Those who living in Seoul were 83% and the rest of the subjects was living in Kyung-Gi. 2) The subjects who had one diagnosis were 41%. Over 60% of them had the disease of neurologic & sensory system. 3) The mean number of visit was 6. Only one visit was 22%. The mean time of care was 79 minutes. Duration of visit from 31 minutes to 60 minutes were 47 %. The subjects who terminated the visit because of death were 67.3%. 62% of the persons who referred them to the home care service were nurses. 4) The pain after the service was more relieved than before. The amounts of intake, the degree of bed sore, edema & fracture after the service were more improved than before. Health status after the service was improved in general. 5) There were significant differences between initial and last conscious level in tracheostomy care & oxygen inhalation care. There was significant difference between initial and last degree of activity in blood sugar check. 6) There were significant differences on the number of visit in assessment of the status, evaluation & observation, vital sign check, skin care, injection, medication, bed sore care, colostomy care, relaxation therapy for pain relief, patient education, family care, exercise therapy, position change, supply of disinfected equipments and infection control. There were significant differences on visiting time in nasogastric tube care, drainage tube care and oxygen inhalation care. 2. The satisfaction level of home care service 1) 50% were male. Over 60 years of the subjects was 61 %. Those who living in Seoul were 82%. 2) The subjects who had one or two diagnosis were 32% respectively. 55% of the persons who referred them to the home care service were nurses. 3) Total level of satisfaction of home care service was very high. 4) The older the age, the higher the satisfaction level. The larger the number of visit, the higher the satisfaction level. 5) The subjects who were in cloudy state were higher level of satisfaction than in alert or coma state. The subjects whose activity were normal or who needed assistance were higher level of satisfaction than bedridden or immobilized subjects. These findings suggested that the patients had substantial need for posthospital care. They tended to be elderly and to have experienced the wide range of health problems associated with aging, chronicity, including limitations in activities, and other serious health problems. So, the nationwide home care systems beyond the limit of demonstration program by local association and the development of the effective financial system of home based health care are necessary for the clients who are in need of home care.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.499-506
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• 2014

최근 환경과 건강에 대한 현대인들의 관심이 높아짐에 따라 인체에 유익한 친환경적인 건축 재료의 연구와 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이중 황토에 관한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있으나 강도적인 측면과 건조수축에 의한 균열, 특히 황토의 물에 약한 성질 등으로 아직 건축 재료로써 황토의 활용도는 미비하고 한정적인 실정이다. 현재의 건축 구조물에 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 재료 중의 하나인 시멘트 콘크리트는 경제적이고 재료를 비교적 쉽게 구할 수 있으며 형상가공의 용이성과 적당한 압축강도가 쉽게 얻어지는 이유로 건축, 토목 재료로서 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 하지만 환경문제들을 저감하기 위한 목적으로 최근에 전통적 재료인 황토에 관련된 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있으며, 이에 따른 건축 재료도 개발되고 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 환경 친화적이고 수급이 용이하며 천연재료의 성질을 그대로 지니고 있는 비소성 황토와 산업부산물인 고로슬래그에 각종 자극제를 혼합한 비소성 시멘트를 이용하여 미래에 시멘트를 대체할 수 있는 건축 재료의 기초적인 특성을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.982-995
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• 2002

This study was conducted to provide basic information on the nutritional status and dietary behaviors of the deaf teenagers. The subjects of this study were 87 deaf-mute high school students in Pusan and Kyung-nam area and, in comparison,90 general high school students in Ham-an area. The survey was investigated by using a self-administered questionnaire. The results were as follows: Deaf-mute group was consisted of 63.2% male and 36.8% female, and mean of height and weight of male were 171.2 cm and 61.9kg, female were 158.0cm and 51.7kg. Obesity index and body mass index (BMI) were normal range in both deaf-mute and normal groups. The average nutrition knowledge score of the deaf-mute group was 6.8 $\pm$ 1.5 out of possible 10 points, that was significantly lower than 7.3 $\pm$ 0.8 of the normal group (p<0.01). The mean of self-control and conscious control scores in the eating behaviors of the deaf-mute group were 2.6 $\pm$ 1.2 and 2.4 $\pm$ 1.3 out of possible 5 points from each item, which was significantly higher than 2.1 $\pm$ 1.3 and 1.8 $\pm$ 1.4 of the normal group (p< 0,01). Nutrients consumed below 90% of Korean RDA were energy (79.9%), Ca (71.5%) for deaf-mute male students and Ca (88.5%) for deaf-mute female students. Energy (71.4%), protein (87.8%), Ca (74.8%), vitamin B$_1$ (83.4%) intake of normal male students and energy (72.8%), Ca (71.2%), Fe (78.7%) intake of normal female students were below 90% of Korean RDA. Energy, protein, fat, vitamin B$_1$, niacin intake of deaf-mute male students were significantly higher than normal male students and all nutrients intake of deaf-mute female students were significantly higher than normal female students. By the correlation of nutrients intakes with nutrition knowledge, there was positive correlation with the intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, and vitamin C in the deaf-mute group, while there was negative correlation with the nutrients intakes (except for protein and fat) in the normal group. The amount of meal, breakfast, regularity of meal time, frequency of snacks showed a positive relation to nutrient intakes in deaf-mute group and amount of meal, breakfast, regularity of meal time, frequency of overeating showed a positive relation to nutrient intakes in normal group. The nutrition knowledge had no correlation with food habits or eating behaviors in both groups.(Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 982~995, 2002)

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2014

Purpose - Goal setting is effective in any domain in which an individual or group has some control over the outcomes. It applies not only to work tasks but also to sports and health, and in various other settings. Its success depends on considering the mediators and moderators determining its efficacy and applicability. This study investigates the individual factors influencing academic goal attainability. Unlike previous studies, we focused on the effect of the relationships between individual traits (passion, tenacity, self-control) and specific motivation (vision, self-efficacy, implementation intentions) with academic goal attainability, rather than the effects of the relationship between commitment and the goal shielding mechanism with goal attainability. Research design, data, and methodology - Data collected through questionnaires were analyzed by the SPSS program. A total of 293 school students, who participated in the TOEIC program, participated in the survey. Slightly more than half were female (male: n=145 vs. female: n=148). We verified nine hypotheses through various statistical methods (reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation model for the hypothesis test, bootstrapping test for the mediation test). Results - Data was analyzed in three phases. The first phase involved measurement analysis (i.e., item purification and factor structure confirmation), involving the scales of the three variables of individual traits, three mechanism variables, and goal attainability. The second phase involved estimating the proposed structural relationships among the key constructs (see Figure 1), using the results to test H1 to H9. The final phase involved examining the mediating effects of the three variables (vision, implementation intention, and self-efficacy). The research model shows that the independent variable passion has a significant result with both the mediators-vision and self-efficacy. Further, vision and self-efficacy significantly affect goal attainability. The second variable, self-control, shows a significant effect when mediated by implementation intentions, but the direct relationship between implementation intension and goal attainability shows an insignificant result. However, when further mediated by self-efficacy, it showed a significant effect between self-efficacy and goal attainability. Similarly, the third variable, tenacity, shows an insignificant result when mediated by vision. In contrast, the mediator self-efficacy shows a positive effect between tenacity and goal attainability. Conclusions - This study shows how these individual traits, when mediated with the appropriate motivational factors, resulted significantly in the attainability of academic goals. We may identify several theoretical and practical contributions. Theoretically, we developed a step further in the research into consumer goals and related studies. Future research could examine the effects of different learning goal types and their combinations with performance goals (e.g., learning goals first, then performance goals), different types of goal framing (approach success vs. avoid failure), the relation between goals and cognition (which, by implication, entails all of cognitive psychology), goal hierarchies, and macro goal studies with organizations of different sizes. More studies on the relationship between conscious and subconscious goals would also be valuable.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.585-590
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• 2015

유기 및 일반재배에 따른 풋고추의 이화학적 품질특성 및 항산화활성을 비교하고자 무게, 길이, 수분함량, 표면색도, 경도, DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거능, 총페놀함량 등을 분석하였다. 무게, 길이의 경우 전반적으로 유기농 풋고추에서 무게가 적고, 길이가 짧았으며 수분함량의 경우 유기 및 일반재배 간 비슷한 값을 나타내었다. 표면색에 있어서 유기농 풋고추의 L과 b값이 높았고, a값은 일반재배 풋고추의 값이 높았으며 재배조건에 따른 L, a, b값의 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 항산화활성의 경우 DPPH radical 소거능은 유기농 풋고추가, ABTS radical 소거능은 일반재배 풋고추가 높은 활성을 보였다. 총 페놀 함량은 유기농 풋고추 값이 높았으나 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 무게, 길이 등의 외적 품질에 대해서 일반재배 풋고추의 값이 높았고, 항산화활성에 대해서는 전반적으로 유기농 풋고추에서 다소 높은 활성을 보였으나 유기 및 일반재배에 따른 내외적 품질비교를 위해서 더 많은 분석이 추가로 진행되어야 할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.