• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2018

In VANET, frequent movement of nodes causes dynamic changes of the network topology. Therefore the routing protocol, which is stable to effectively respond the changes of the network topology, is required. Moreover, the existing cluster-based routing protocol, that is the hybrid approach, has routing delay due to the frequent re-electing of the cluster header. In addition, the routing table of CBRP has only one hop distant neighbor nodes. PCBRP (Paired CBRP), proposed in this paper, ties two clusters in one pair of clusters to make longer radius. Then the pair of the cluster headers manages and operates corresponding member nodes. In the current CBRP, when the cluster header leaves the cluster the delay, due to the re-electing a header, should be occurred. However, in PCBRP, another cluster header of the paired cluster takes the role instead of the left cluster header. This means that this method reduces the routing delay. Concurrently, PCBRP reduces the delay when routing nodes in the paired cluster internally. Therefore PCBRP shows improved total delay of the network and improved performance due to the reduced routing overhead.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제17C권5호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2010

계층적인 센서네트워크에서는 클러스터 헤더의 선출이 네트워크의 수명에 중요한 영향을 미치기 때문에 효율적인 클러스터 헤더 선출이 중요하다. 따라서 최근 연구에서는 전체 네트워크의 수명을 늘리기 위해 효율적인 클러스터 헤더 선출 기법에 대해 다양한 연구 활동이 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Sink와의 거리를 고려하여 클러스터를 Group으로 분할하고 노드 밀도에 의해서 클러스터 헤더를 선출하는 방식을 제안한다. 또한 제안하는 기법의 성능을 평가하여 Zigbee 환경에서 네트워크 수명이 향상됨을 보이고자 한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.76-87
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 무선을 포함한 패킷 전송에서의 효율성을 위해 차세대 전송 계층 프로토콜인 SCTP에 ROHC(RObust Header Compression)을 적용한 ROHC 프로파인 7(ROHC-SCTP)을 제안한다. 제안된 ROHC-SCTP는 SNR(Sequence Number ROHC)-SCTP의 1 또는 2 바이트 길이의 새로운 필드를 SCTP 패킷 헤더에 추가하여, SCTP 멀티 스트림을 acknowledgement 스트림과 data 스트림으로 나누어 헤더 압축을 하며, 동기화 손실이 발생한 경우 context를 복구하는데 사용될 수 있도록 설계되었다. ROHC-SCTP의 제안을 통해 SCTP 헤더의 오버헤드 율을 최대 25%까지 감소할 수 있으며 대역폭 또한 최대 5% 정도 절약할 수 있다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analysis effects of defect factors of combine header for cutting speed of combine header, feeding depth of straw, and cylinder speed of thresher. Measurement system for defect factors was consists of sensors to monitor the combine operation and I/O interface to convert the signals. Cutting speed of combine header, feeding depth of straw, cylinder speed of thresher were measured and analyzed. The data were collected from three paddy field during rice harvesting. The tests were conducted at different grounding speeds, lug troubles, and cutter condition. The one way ANOVA and the multiple comparison tests were performed. The results showed that the measured data were useful to monitor the defect factors of combine during harvesting. The faults conditions of grounding speeds, lug troubles, and cutter conditions affected cutting speeds, feeding depths and cylinder speeds of the combine. The data seem to be useful to analysis the faults conditions of combine header.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.436-439
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• 2004

Output data streams of the MSC contain flags, Headers and image data according to the established protocols and data formats. Especially the Header added to each data lines contain information of a line sync, a line counter and, ancillary data which consist of ancillary identification bit and one ancillary data byte. This information is used by ground station to calculate the geographic coordinates of the image and get the on-board time and several EOS(Electro-Optical Subsystem) parameters used at the time of imaging. Therefore, the EGSE(Electrical Ground Supporting Equipment) that is used for testing MSC has to have functions of interpreting and displaying this Header information correctly following the protocols. This paper describes the design of the header data processing module which is in EOS­EGSE. This module provides users with various test functions such as header validation, ancillary block validation, line-counter and In-line counter validation checks which allow convenient and fast test on imagery data.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.324-330
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• 2013

The main objective of this work is to experimentally investigate the effect of inlet geometries on the distribution of two-phase annular flow at header-channel junctions simulating the corresponding parts of compact heat exchangers. The cross-section of the header and the channels were fixed to $16mm{\times}16mm$ and $12mm{\times}1.8mm$, respectively. Experiments were performed for the mass flux and the mass quality ranges of $30{\sim}140kg/m^2s$ and 0.3~0.7, respectively. Air and water were used as the test fluids. Three different inlet geometries of the header were tested:no restriction (case A), a single 8 mm hole at the center (case B), and nine 2 mm holes around the center (case C) at the inlet, respectively. The tendencies of the two-phase flow distribution were different, in each case. For cases B and C (flow resistance exists), more uniform flow distribution results were seen, compared with case A(no flow resistance), due to the flow pattern change to mist flow from annular flow at the inlet, and the flow recirculation near the end plate of the header.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.135-152
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• 2003

인터넷의 급속한 확산으로 디지털콘텐츠가 기하급수적으로 증가하고, 그 종류도 매우 다양해졌다. 분산 네트워크 환경하인 인터넷을 통해 디지털콘텐츠의 식별 및 검색을 용이하게 하기 위해서는 메타데이터의 조직과 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구는 여러 분야에서 다양하게 접근되고 있는 메타데이터 포맷의 데이터 요소를 비교 분석함으로써 상이한 메타데이터 포맷의 상호운용성 확보를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 포괄적으로 모든 영역에서 사용되고 있는 디지털콘텐츠의 메타데이터 포맷으로 Dublin Core, Semantic Header, MARC, IAFA Templates TEI Header를 선정하여 문헌고찰을 통하여 비교분석을 수행하였다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

When IoT sensor nodes are deployed in areas where data collection is challenging, sensors must be relocated if sensing holes occur due to improper placement of sensors or energy depletion, and data collection is impossible. The sensing hole's cluster header transmits a request message for sensor relocation to an adjacent cluster header through a specific relay node. However, since a specific relay node is frequently used, a member sensor located in a specific cluster area adjacent to the sensing hole can continuously receive the movement message. In this paper, we propose a method that avoids the situation in which the sensing hole cluster header monopolizes a specific relay node and allows the cluster header to use multiple relay nodes fairly. Unlike the existing method in which the relay node immediately responds to the request of the header, the method proposed in this paper solves a ping-pong problem and a problem that the request message is concentrated on a specific relay node by applying a method of responding to the request of the header using a timer. OMNeT++ simulator was used to analyze the performance of the proposed method.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권2C호
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• pp.200-208
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• 2009

H.264/AVC의 매크로블록 단위의 비트율 제어 방법은 부적당한 양자화 파라미터 할당으로 인해 한 프레임에 할당된 목표 비트가 일찍 고갈되곤 하는 문제가 있다. 이 경우 잔여 매크로블록들을 부호화 하기 위해 제한 범위내의 가장 큰 양자화 파라미터가 사용되고 화질 저하로 이어진다. 또한 양자화 파라미터의 할당을 위해 사용되는 헤더 비트량 예측도 이전 프레임과 현재프레임의 부호화된 매크로블록들의 헤더 비트량의 평균으로 구해진다. 따라서 실제 발생하는 헤더 비트량과 오차가 크다. 본 논문에서는 현재 프레임에서 부호화 도중 발생하는 조기 목표 비트 고갈을 막기 위해 이전 프레임들에서 음수 목표 비트를 갖는 매크로블록의 수를 이용한 적응적 양자화 파라미터 결정 방법과 정확한 양자화 파라미터 결정을 위해 향상된 헤더 비트량 예측 방법을 제시한다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.828-837
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• 2004

The present study investigated two-phase flow distribution, phase separation and pressure drop in multi-microchannel tubes under adiabatic condition. The test section consisted of inlet and outlet headers with the inner diameter of 19.4㎜ and 15 parallel microchannel tubes. Each microchannel tube brazed to the inlet and outlet headers and had 8 rectangular ports with the hydraulic diameter of 1.32㎜. The key experimental parameters were orientation of header (horizontal and vertical), flow direction of refrigerant into the inlet header (in-line, parallel and cross flow) and inlet quality (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3). It was found that the orientation of the header had relatively large effect on the flow distribution and phase separation, while the inlet quality didn't affect much on them. The horizontal header showed the better flow distribution and phase separation characteristics than the vertical one. The parallel flow condition with the horizontal header showed the best performance for the flow distribution and phase separation characteristics under the test conditions. Two-phase pressure drops through the microchannel tubes with the horizontal header were higher than those of the microchennel tubes with the vertical header due to gravitational effect.