• Title/Summary/Keyword: head capsule width

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The Estimate of Larval Growth of Mulberry Longicorn Beetle, Apriona germari Hope on the basis of the Larval Head Capsule Width, Larval Weight and Length (두폭, 체중 및 체장에 의한 뽕나무하늘소 유충의 성장율 비교)

  • 윤형주;마영일
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.174-179
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    • 1997
  • The larval head capsule width, larval weight and length of mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari Hope were measured when the larvae were exuviated in artificial diet rearing. The larval head capsule width from the 1st to the 12th instar was ranged from 0.12 to 0.69 cm, and growth ratio of each instar was significantly high between the 1st and the 2nd instars. The fitness to Dyar's law for the larval head capsule width was 87.6%. When the logarithum of the larval head capsule width is plotted against the number of instars, the calculated regression line was LogY=0.12086+0.06998X and Dyar's constant was 1.18. The larval weight was increased with larval developmental stages, and the coefficient of variation of larval weight was apparently high. But the calculated regression line was LogY=-0.91592+0.25959X and Dyar's constant was 1.25. The growth ration of the larval length was clearly high between the 2nd and the 3rd instars, and that of larvae from the 4th instar was decreased. The calculated regression line was LogY=-0.16932+0.09841X and Dyar's constant was 1.25. In conclusion, our results suggested that the larvae growth of mulberry longicorn beetle appeared to be highly related in the larval head capsule width, larval weight and length.

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The Larval Development of Beet Armyworm,Spodoptera exigua (Hubner),(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) by the Widths of the Head Capsule (파밤나방 유충의 영기별 생장율 비교)

  • 고현관;이상계;최귀문;김정화
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.54-57
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    • 1991
  • The width of head capsule of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), was measured on the 5th generation larvae reared with artificial diet. The mean widths of head capsule of each instar were: 1st, 0.246 mm; 2nd, 0.35 mm; 3rd, 0.546 mm; 4th, 0.809 mm; 5th, 1.242 mm; and 6th, 2.185 mm. The coefficient of variation (%) of each instar were: 1st, 8.6; 2nd, 9.5; 3rd, 15.1; 4th, 11.2; 5th, 12.0; and 6th, 12.9. The growth ratio of each instar were: 2nd, 1.43; 3rd, 1.55; 4th, 1.48; 5th, 1.54; and 6th, 1.76. The fitness(%) to Dyar's law of the measurement of head capsule width were: 1st, 94.7; 2nd, 98.3; 3rd, 98.7; 4th, 94.8; 5th, 94.6; and 6th, 92.2. When the logarithm of the width is plotted against the number of instars, the calculated regression line is highly significient (Log Y = -0.819 + 0.1872X, $r^2$ = $0.9977*{**}$) and Dyar's constant was 1.54.

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Head Capsule Width and Population Densities of Overwintering Nymphal Stages of the Green Rice Leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) (월동 끝동매미충(Nephotettix cincticeps)의 약충태별 두폭크기 및 밀도변화)

  • Kang, Seok-Min;Paik, Chae-Hoon;Lee, Geon-Hwi;Choi, Man-Young;Sengottayan, Senthil-Nathan;Hwang, Chang-Yeon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.165-170
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to investigate specific stages and distribution of overwintering nymphs of green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps by measuring head capsule width. The nymphal head capsule width of the 1st instar to the 5th instar was 0.381, 0.502, 0.673, 0.979 and 1.128 mm, respectively. lts coefficient variation was 5.3, 4.0, 3.0, 4.5 and 5.3%, respectively. Growth ratio of each instar was not significantly different among 2nd to 4th instars as 1.31 to 1.34, but for the 5th instar it decreased as 1.28. The logarithm of the nymphal head capsule width was regressed as a function of the stage number of insects, resulting in LogY = 1.4627 + 0.1192X ($r^2= 0.9993$). Also fitness to the Dyar's law for the nymphal head capsule width of each instar was 98% or over and the Dyar's constant (K) was 1.316. The occurrence of N. cincticeps was maximum at the end of January with 195 individuals/0.25 $m^2$. The most abundant instar in the overwintering N. cincticeps population was 4th instar accounting for over 90%. Population of the 5th instar began to increase from mid-March, and adults began to occur in early April.

Effects of Tobacco Leaves and Artificial Food on the Growth of Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne F. (Coeoptera : Anobiidae) (담배잎과 인공먹이가 궐련벌레 (Lasioderma serricorne F.) 발육에 미치는 영향)

  • 오명희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 1998
  • Survival, growth and reproduction of the cigarette beetle, Lasiodema sewicome F., were studied on flue-cured (NC82), air-cured (Br.21), aromatic (Izmir) tobacco and artificial diet (wheat feed 95% + yeast 5%). Cigarette beetle adults occurred from first generation in the flue-cured and aromatic tobacco, but no adults emerged in air-cured tobacco after the 2nd generations. The head capsule widths of larvae of the cigarette beetles L sewicome F.1 reared on different diets at 2$0^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$ were measured. The head capsule development was slower at 2$0^{\circ}C$ on the same diets than $25^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$, and slower in the flue-cured and aromatic tobacco than the artificial diet at 2$0^{\circ}C$ and 2S$^{\circ}C$, At $25^{\circ}C$ the larval head capsule developed more rapidly in the aromatic tobacco than the flue-cured tobacco. However, no larval head development was noticed in the air-cured tobacco. The correlation between population densities of cigarette beetle,1 sewicome F., and sugar content of tobacco leaves was positive, but negative in nicotine contents. The regression between densities and sugar content was Y : 22.79 X + 57.29 (r=0.891**), and between nicotine content was Y : -141.31X + 321.40(r=-0.917**).

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Relationship Between Size of Head Capsule and Number of Instars in the Larvae of Pear Stem Sawfly, Janus piri Okamoto (배나무 줄기벌(Janus piri Okamoto et Mat.)유충의 두폭과 영기수와의 관계)

  • Yoon Ju Kyung
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.14 no.4 s.25
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    • pp.215-219
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    • 1975
  • The number of instars of pear sawfly larvae (Janus piri Okamoto) collected front field pear trees, were determined by measuring the width of head capsule, and the growth ratio in each instar was also studied. 1. The larval head width had six distinct peaks, which suggests that the larva of this insect passes six instars. 2. The head width tended to increase as the instars avdance, except in tile first and second instars. The coeffieient of variation decressed as the instars advanced. The growth ratio, which was similarly great in the first and second instars, decreased as the instars advanced. 3. Gains' and Campbell's formulae seemed to be more suitable than Dyer's for the determination of larval instars of this insect by the measurement of headwidth. 4. The larval instars could be inferred from the extent of damage to pear tree by this insect; that is the larvae in the second to fourth instars usually gave slight and invissible damage, while those in the fifth to sixth instars gave rapid and severe damage.

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Developmental Ecology of Persimmon Fruit Moth, Stathmopoda masinissa Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Stathmopodidae) (감꼭지나방 (나비목: 감꼭지나방과)의 발육생태)

  • 박은철;박형진;김길하;김정하
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.41-43
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    • 2001
  • Persimmon fruit moth, Stathmopoda masinissa, collected from roadside persimmon trees planted as shade trees in yeongdong area was used to investigate their developmental ecology under laboratory conditions; $25\pm$ $1^{\circ}C$, 16L : 8D and 85% RH. Developmental periods for eggs, larvae, and pupae were 7.4, 34.8 and 15.5 days, respectively. The duration for each larval instar from the 1st to the 5th was 3.5, 4.2, 5.2, 6.5 and 15.4 days, respectively, and the head capsule width of corresponding stage was 0.20, 0.40, 0.65, 0.87 and 1.07 mm. Rates of pupation and emergence were 68.0 and 59.9%, respectively. Longevity of adult males was 6.2 days while that of females was 10.1 days. Average fecundity was 25.4 eggs.

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Morphological Characteristic of Immature stage in Platypus koryoensis (Murayama) (Coleoptera, Platypodidae) and Local Variation in the Number of Mycangia (광릉긴나무좀의 미성숙 충태별 형태특성과 유충령기, 균낭수의 지역별 변이 (딱정벌레목, 긴나무좀과))

  • Won, Dae-Sung;Choi, Won Il;Kwon, Young-Dae;Kim, Kyung Hee;Kim, Jong Kuk
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.102 no.2
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    • pp.305-308
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    • 2013
  • This study was conducted to describe the external morphology of Platypus-koryoensis Murayama in immature stage, to determine each instar based on larvae head-capsule, and to measure individual and local variations in the number of mycangia of adult. Egg of P. koryoensis, had oval shape and lengths of the major and minor axis were $0.67{\pm}0.051$ mm and $0.41{\pm}0.053$ mm, respectively. Body colour of $5^{th}$ instar was gloss white with well-developed mandible. Larvae of P. koryoensis grew up to $5^{th}$ instar and each instar was clearly classified by head capsule width. Head capsule width for $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$, $4^{th}$, and $5^{th}$ instar larvae were $0.35{\pm}0.004$ mm, $0.45{\pm}0.010$ mm, $0.67{\pm}0.039$ mm, $0.94{\pm}0.069$ mm and, $1.12{\pm}0.007$ mm, respectively. The colour of pupa was pale yellow and its length was $4.64{\pm}0.044$ mm. The number of mycangia per female had individual variations from 5 to 12 and 83% of the adults had from 6 to 8 mycangia. There was no significant difference in number of mycangia collected from between Namyangju region and Honchen region.

Healing Performance of Concrete Containing Hybrid Self-healing Materials (하이브리드 자기치유 소재를 혼입한 콘크리트의 치유성능)

  • Mih-ho, Hwang;Hyuk, Kwon;Hyung-Suk, Kim;Sung, Choi;Kwang-Myong, Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.569-576
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    • 2022
  • In this study, the healing performance of hybrid self-healing concrete was investigated by mixing bacterial pellets(BP) and solid phase capsules(SC), respectively, based on organic-inorganic self-healing material(MC). Constant water head permeability test was applied as a method of evaluating the healing performance, and the healing rate and the healed crack width calculated by the equivalent crack width were used as evaluation indicies. As a result of the water permeability test, when the initial crack width was 0.3 mm, the healing rates of MC-BP and MC-SC were 2.1~3.0 %pt higher than that of MC, and the healed crack width of hybrid concrete increased by 0.017~0.018 mm. In conclusion, it was found that the self-healing performance was not significantly improved even if the two types of healing materials are used together.

Studies on the Life History of Three Spotted Plusia (Chrysoideixis agnata S.) in the laboratory (콩은무늬밤나방의 생활사에 관한 연구)

  • Hwang C.Y.;Uhm K.B.;Choi K.M.;Hyun J.S.
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.19 no.2 s.43
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    • pp.85-89
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    • 1980
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the life history of the Three spotted plusia (Chrysodeixis agnata Staudinger) in the laboratory in 1976. (1) Female deposited $1202{\pm}150.6$ eggs during the oviposition period which was $13.3{\pm}1.2$ days. (2) Especially, larvae were distinguished with 5-instar type and 6-instar type. The egg period was 2 days and adult longevity was $21.29{\pm}3.15$ days for female and $19.14{\pm}2.47$ days for male. Larval period and pupal period were $15.36{\pm}1.59,\;7.82{\pm}1.01$ days for the 5-instar type and $16.92{\pm}1.08,\;8.23{\pm}1.09$ days for the 6-instar type. (3) Width of head capsule of the 5-instar type was $2.77\~2189mm$ and this of the 6-instar type was $2.78\~22.38mm$. (4) A highly significant correlation was recognized between the log-width of head capsule and the number of instar.

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The Larval Age and Mouth Morphology of the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

  • Kim, Won-Tae;Bae, Sung-Woo;Park, Hae-Cheol;Park, Kwan-Ho;Lee, Sang-Beom;Choi, Young-Cheol;Han, Sang-Mi;Koh, Young-Ho
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.185-187
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    • 2010
  • Most studies of the black soldier fly, Hermitia illucens, widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia and America focused on the use of larvae for recycling various organic materials and feed for fish and livestock. To recognize the instars of the soldier fly's larvae, we examined the number of exuviae originated from each larva from 1st instar to pupa. The weight and the head capsule width of the black soldier fly larvae also confirmed that the black soldier fly was passed through 6th instars. In addition, we found that the black soldier fly larvae had a well developed mandibular-maxillary complex, similar to those reported from the larvae of scavengers including Odontomyia cincta, Neopachygaster maculicornis, Ptecticus brunettii and Stratiomys ruficornis.