• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.151-170
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• 1999

This study was to investigate the metal accumulation from SipJeonDaeBo-Decoction to rat blood of Sprague Dawley. 1. There were no significance in body weight, water dose feed ingestion quantity, liver, kidney, brain, bone weights between the control and the experimental groups. Under the experiment with drinking waters was no metal ${\sim}\;0.65mg/L$ detected. Metal level within feed found 0.0001-376.983mg/kg. 2. In the pack of SipJeonDaeBo-decoction, there detected no metal ${\sim}2.086mg/L$ 3. After P.O(per os) SipJeonDaeBo-decoction, As is detected $2.390{\pm}0.812mg/kg$ in blood; Cd $0.001{\pm}0.001mg/kg$, Co $0.003{\pm}0.001mg/kg$, Cr $0.432{\pm}0.234mg/kg$, Cu $1.013{\pm}0.373mg/kg$, Fe $426.293{\pm}114.842mg/kg$, no Hg, Mn $0.109{\pm}0.082mg/kg$, Ni $0.122{\pm}0.068mg/kg$, Zn $3.584{\pm}1.270mg/kg$. 4. The concentration of Hazardous heavy metal (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb) within blood control group is searched $0.488{\pm}0.138\;mg/l$; experiment I group $0.432{\pm}0.080mg/l$, experiment II group $0.588{\pm}0.213mg/l$. In the concentration of non hazardous heavy metal(Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) control group $101.409{\pm}6.832mg/l$; experiment I group $96.062{\pm}5.732\;mg/l$, experiment II group $125.139{\pm}044.820mg/l$. 5. Correlation among every metal in blood Zn and Cr was 0.87956 ; Cd and As -0.02316, Pb and As -0.08738, Ni and As 0.07824, Mn and As 0.07824, Mn and Cd 0.04999. Briefly under the injection of SipJeonDaeBo-decoction, this study was defined within safety in blood level by P.O. during 10 days.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2006

비소 오염이 심각한 것으로 알려진 울산광산과 인근지역의 수환경에 대한 비소 오염도와 종 분포 특성을 조사하였다. 채취한 광산 내 지하수 시료의 62%에서 우리나라 먹는물 수질 기준인 0.05 mg/l를 초과하는 비소 농도가 검출되었다. 비소는 모두 무기종으로, As(V)가 우세하고 일부 지점에서 As(III)이 검출되었다. 지하수 내 비소는 관측정을 통한 산화환원환경의 변화로 인해 새로운 평형으로 이동하는 과정 중으로 유추된다. 주변수계는 울산광산과 천곡약수가 비소의 주 오염원으로 파악되며, 지하수와 하천수 시료의 $30{\sim}33%$가 총 비소농도 0.05 mg/l를, $60{\sim}67%$ 시료가 0.01 mg/l를 초과하였다. 특히 천곡약수는 0.345 mg/l의 비소 농도를 보여 먹는물 수질기준의 7배에 달하는 오염도를 보인다. 지하수와 천곡약수에서 비소는 모두 As(V) 형태로 존재하였으나, 농도가 높은 일부 지점에서는 As(III)이 검출되었다. 한 지점에서는 DMA, AsB와 같은 유기비소가 소량 검출되어, 비소의 종 변이 또는 유기적 기작의 관련성을 제시한다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.466-472
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• 2011

Hazardous chemicals, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metals, are known as being harmful to human health were included in oils released by the Herbei Spirit Oil Spill accident in December 2007. To investigate changes of eating habits by the exposure to harmful substances, we conducted 5 focus group interviews for residents at Taean coast areas, who had experienced the oil spill accident. Participants included 46 women (mean age: $57.2{\pm}10.9$) who were mainly responsible for preparing family meals. Focus group discussions were audio-taped, transcribed and categorized by themes. Participants expressed more frequent illness symptoms such as dizziness, vomiting, visual loss, and skin diseases after the accident. They mentioned that their worries about economic hardship and worsened health status since the accident induced mental problems, such as depression about their children. Regarding eating habits, participants reported less intakes of fishes and meats and relatively more intakes of vegetables and kimchi due to the lack of household incomes after the accident. Although the participants had been used to collecting or catching fish or shellfish for their consumption previously, they mainly purchased these foods from local markets after the accident. Changes of eating habits induced by the accident included drinking boiled water and having steamed or fried seafood rather than raw seafood. Changes of food intakes occurred less frequently in older adults due to their longterm fixed eating habits, although they felt uncomfortable for having raw fish. The findings of this study clearly present that the exposure of hazardous substances by the oil spill accident had a significant impact on changes in eating habits besides economic, physical, and mental problems among the residents in Taean. Continuous health and nutrition monitoring and support are needed.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2007

Firemen are directly exposed to various harmful chemicals, physical factors and mental stress during rescue and fire-fighting. In fire extinguishing, unstable posture, poisonous gas, dust, high temperature and heavy equipments are possible hazardous factors. The alertness for emergency, shift work, job strain and stress are also possibly hazardous. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of musculo-skeletal symptoms and job stress and to determine risk factors in firemen. This study was carried out in a group of 226 firemen in Busan City, Korea. Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of musculo-skeletal symptoms and Psycho-social Well-being Index (abbreviated PWI) was used to investigate the prevalence of job stress. General and occupational characteristics were included education, marital status, alcohol and smoking history, working duration, and work shift system. Body mass index (BMI) scores were calculated by physical examination including height and weight. Concerning musculo-skeletal complaints, the commonest site was neck, and shoulder, lower back, upper back were the next. Complaint site above one area of body was about 80%. From multiple logistic regression analysis, working duration was significant variable in musculo-skeletal symptoms. Odds ratio were 15.4 in working duration. About 16.8% was high risk stress group. From multiple logistic regression analysis, shift work and alcohol drinking were significant variables in PWI scores. Odds ratios were 2.25 in shift work. Accordingly, interventions are needed for health promotion of long term and shift worker.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.153-161
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate 1) blood lead levels of workers at auto repair shops as Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) of toxic substances such as lead and toluene that are produced during automotive painting process, 2) the differences depending on personal characteristics of workers who have been exposed to toluene by using urine hippuric acid concentration as a marker and 3) the correlation between the concentration of hazardous chemicals in each workplace and the BEL. All subjects were male with a mean age of 36.2 years. In terms of age, most were in the 30 to 40 age group (13 persons, 48.1%). In relation to the length of work experience, the highest proportion had experience of 10 years of less (18 persons, 66.7%). Twenty three workers were cigarette smokers (85.2%) while 4 (14.8%) were non-smokers. In addition, more than 80% of the workers drank alcohol. Dust concentration and toluene exposure during automotive painting showed no significant difference with age, length of work experience, smoking and drinking while a significant difference (p<0.05) has been detected between lead concentration and smoking. The geometric mean of dust concentration, lead concentration and toluene concentration were $0.38mg/m^3,\;0.0021mg/m^3$ and 1.08ppm respectively. In addition, the geometric mean of blood lead levels and urine hippuric acid concentration were $1.70{\mu}g/dl$ and 0.25g/g respectively, which were lower than the standard levels suggested by the Ministry of Labor. To determine the influential factors on blood lead and urine hippuric acid concentrations, a correlation analysis has been conducted with variables of air, lead and toluene concentrations, age, length of work experience and amount of cigarette smoking. According to the analysis, a relatively high correlation (p<0.01) has been observed between air lead concentration and biological sample concentration.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2005

솔잎 열수 증류액 시료 자체의 음용수 적합성 여부와 향기성분 등 품질평가를 검토하였다. 음용수 평가 항목에 따라 총45종류의 성분을 측정하였으며 실험 모두에서 유해성분이 검출되지 않았다. 특히 인체에 유해한 비소 (As), 납 (Pb), 수은 (Hg) 및 카드뮴 (Cd)등과 같은 무기물이 검출되지 않았을 뿐만 아니라 기타의 성분도 음용수 기준치 내의 함량을 나타냄으로서 음용수로 사용하는데 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 솔잎 열수 증류액의 향기성분에 대한 분석에서는 총34종류의 향기성분이 분석되었는데 우수한 향기성분으로서 fenchol, bomeol, $\beta-fenchyl$ alcohol 및 bomyl acetate의 경우는 각각 6.7, 13.1, 26.6 및 $16.2\%$ 함유되어 있었으며 대부분의 성분들이 alcohol이나 aldehyde 성분으로서 향기의 주요 성분들이었고 그 함유량도 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.57-82
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• 2005

본고는 다가올 미래의 대체 수자원인 지하수의 효율적인 관리 보전을 위하여 선진국인 미국(뉴욕주, 위스콘신주, 텍사스주), 오스트리아, 네덜란드, 캐나다. 일본, 영국의 지하수 수질기준과 국내의 지하수 수질기준을 상호 비교 분석함으로써 지하수 수질기준에 관한 선진화를 도모하고자 한다. 선진국에서는 음용수로써 지하수의 의존도가 70%이상에 달하며, 지하수 수질기준은 음용수 기준을 대체로 적용하고 있다. 그러나 각 국가간자연환경 및 규제의 접근방법이 달라 지하수 수질기준에 있어 큰 차이를 보이고 있다. 본고는 지표수자원의 심각한 오염과 용수공급의 부족현상으로 인해 점차 이용도와 관심이 증가하고 있는 우리나라의 지하수의 효율적인 관리와 보전을 위해 선진국들이 규제하고 있는 지하수 수질기준과 현재 국내에서 점차 지하수오염 문제를 야기할 수 있는 물질들에 관한 추가적 규제의 필요성을 제언하였다. 유류성 물질인 BITX 기준항목의 경우, 항목을 세분화하여 생활용수뿐만 아니라 농업용수와 공업용수에 대한 추가적 기준의 적용이 요구되며, 발암성을 지닌 일부 PAHs에 대한 규제도 필요하다. 산업의 고도화로 인해 유해화학물질이 다양해지고 그 양도 해마다 증가하고 있는 현실에 대응하기 위해서는 기준항목의 추가도입과 엄격한 기준치의 적용이 요구된다. 지하수오염의 주요 원인인 질소의 오염으로 인한 피해를 방지하기 위하여 질소항목 기준을 더욱 세분화하여야 할 것이며, 인간이나 생태계에 치명적인 위해를 끼치는 방사성물질인 라돈 또한 일부 선진국에서 그에 대한 기준치를 설정하고 있고 국내에서도 그로 인한 피해사례가 발생하고 있으므로 라돈에 대한 규제의 필요성을 제언한다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of occupational exposure to styrene on the components of metabolic syndrome. We surveyed 263 employees, among whom 117workers we ere chronically exposed to styrene in glass-reinforced plastic boat manufacturing factories and 146 controls had never been occupationally exposed to styrene as will as hazardous chemicals. The general and job characteristics such as age, smoking and drinking habit, working hours and duration were not significant different except sleeping hours(p<0.05). Among the components of metabolic syndrome, the systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and fasting glucose were significantly higher in exposed workers. On multiple logistic regression analysis for the components of metabolic syndrome, waist circumference was insulin (OR=1.129), blood pressure was MA(OR=14.724), fasting glucose(OR=1.191) and metabolic syndrome(OR=1.110) were significantly associated with insulin. The mean concentration of airborne styrene was $ 38.1{\pm}40.1$ ppm, blood concentrations of glucose and insulin and levels of HOMA-IR in over 50 ppm exposed group were higher than in blow 50 ppm exposed group. These results suggested that the exposure of styrene affects blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels and that dysfunction and/or declination in glucose and insulin metabolism might induced ultimately insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.319-328
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• 2020

본 연구는 성인 음주자의 음주 패턴과 정신건강 및 주관적 불건강 상태와의 관련성을 확인하기 위하여 국민건강 영양조사(2010~2013)의 19세 이상 성인 음주자 19,856명의 자료를 사용하여 복합표본 로지스틱 회귀분석하였다. 저위험 음주를 기준으로 했을 때 남성은 알코올 사용장애에서 스트레스 인지, 우울감 및 자살 생각을 경험할 위험이 높았고, 여성은 알코올 사용장애 뿐만 아니라 위험 음주에서도 스트레스 인지, 우울감 및 자살 생각의 위험이 유의하게 높아 남성보다 음주 문제로 인한 정신건강의 취약성이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 남녀 모두 과거 음주는 저위험 음주와 비교했을 때 정신건강 손상의 위험에서는 차이가 없었지만, 주관적으로 불건강하다고 평가할 위험은 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 유해 음주자를 조기 선별하여 신체와 정신 건강 상태에 대한 포괄적 평가와 함께 여성 음주자를 위한 차별화된 정신건강 관리대책이 필요하고, 과거 음주를 비음주나 저위험 음주로부터 분리하여 신체 및 정신 건강 상태를 평가하는 것이 필요하다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2016

Due to undesirable hazardous interactions with biological systems, this investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to silver on certain biochemical and some oxidative stress parameters with histopathological examination of brain, as well as the possible protective role of selenium and/or vitamin E as nutritional supplements. Thirty six male rats were divided into six groups of six each: the first group used as a control group. Group II given both vitamin E (400 mg/kg) of diet and selenium (Se) (1 mg/L) in their drinking water. Group III given silver as silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$) (20 mg/L). Group IV given vitamin E and $AgNO_3$. Group V given both $AgNO_3$ and selenium. Group VI given $AgNO_3$, vitamin E and Se. The animals were in the same exposure conditions for 3 months. According to the results which have been obtained; there was an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase activities and cholesterol level, a decrease in serum total protein, calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in Ag-intoxicated rats. Moreover, the findings showed that $Ag^+$ ions affected antioxidant defense system by decreasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increasing vitamin E concentration with a high level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue. The histological examination also exhibited some nervous tissue alterations including hemorrhage and cytoplasm vacuolization. However, the co-administration of selenium and/or vitamin E ameliorated the biochemical parameters and restored the histological alterations. In conclusion, this study indicated that silver could cause harmful effects in animal body and these effects can be more toxic in high concentrations or prolonged time exposure to this metal. However, selenium and vitamin E act as powerful antioxidants which may exercise adverse effect against the toxicity of this metal.