• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was carried out to evaluate the labor requirement and the cost-reducing effects of the pick-up type pulse crop harvester compared with those of conventional harvesting for soybeans and red beans. Methods: The labor requirement and the cost to gather, thresh, and clean for conventional harvesting operations were surveyed; those for the pick-up type pulse crop harvester were estimated for soybeans and red beans. The annual capacity of the harvester and the break-even area of the two harvesting methods were also estimated. Results: For soybean harvesting, the labor requirement of 0.57 hour-persons/10 a for the pick-up type pulse crop harvester reflects a 91.9% reduction in the labor requirement of 7.00 hour-persons/10 a for conventional harvesting. Machinery costs of 51,300 won/10 a for the harvester were estimated for an annual harvesting area of 52.5 ha/year, representing a reduction of 33.3% from the 78,700 won/10 a cost of conventional harvesting. A break-even area of 28.4 ha was estimated for the two harvestings. For red bean harvesting, the labor requirement of 0.57 hour-persons/10 a for the harvester reflects a 92.6% reduction in the labor requirement of 7.66 hour-persons/10 a for conventional harvesting. For an annual harvesting area of 52.5 ha/year, annual capacity of 52.5 ha/year and machinery costs of 51,700 won/10 a were estimated for the harvester, reflecting a reduction of 44.7% in the cost of 93,500 won/10 a for conventional harvesting. A break-even area of 23.1 ha was estimated for the two harvestings. A governmental subsidy for purchasing the harvester could contribute to reducing the break-even area and harvesting costs. Conclusions: The pick-up type pulse crop harvester for soybean and red bean harvesting could reduce the labor requirement and costs of conventional harvesting, and a governmental subsidy for purchasing the harvester will improve the economics of the harvester for efficient mechanical harvesting.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

Nowadays, excessive using of fossil fuel contributes to global warming. Also, this phenomenon increases steadily. Therefore forest biomass from logging residues has received attention. The goal of this study was to determine the sustainability and economic feasibility of forest-biomass energy source. Accordingly, forest biomass resource was calculated, and harvesting and transporting machines which can be used in investing area were chosen, when using forest biomass as energy source. And then through these data, the harvesting cost was decided. The forest biomass resource calculated, thinned trees and logging residues, was 37,330.23 $m^3$ and 14,073.60 ton, respectively. When harvesting timber in each sub-compartment, the average thinned trees yield was 120.73 $m^3$, and tree logging residues was 402.80 ton. The use of tower yarder as harvesting and transporting equipments in study area was 85.4% and 66.7%, respectively, in up hill and down hill yarding. The average harvesting cost of biomass in the possibility area of timber yarding operation was expensive as 81,757 won/$m^3$, 85,434 won/m3 and 50,003 won/ton, respectively, in thinned trees and logging residue. If using data from this research analysis, tree could be felled by choosing sub-compartment.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.257-265
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• 2020

This study investigated the volatile flavor composition of essential oils from Solidago virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai with different harvesting area. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation extraction method from the aerial parts of the plants were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ninety-five (91.61%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oils from the S. virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai harvested in Koheung, Jeolanamdo. The major compounds were hexadecanoic acid (29.22%), 7-hexyl eicosane (9.12%), spathulenol (7.701%), 3,8-dimethyl decane (6.48%), caryophyllene oxide (4.52%) and α-copaene (4.23%). Fifty-seven (97.43%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oils from the S. virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai harvested in Seoguipo, Jejudo. The major compounds were 2-carene (40.95%), α-copaene (10.77%), α-muurolene (5.81%), and spathulenol (3.11%). The chemical composition of the essential oils was significantly different in quality and quantity with the different harvesting area. The quantitative variations of hexadecanoic acid, 7-hexyl eicosane, spathulenol, 3,8-dimethyl decane, caryophyllene oxide, 2-carene, and α-copaene according to different harvesting area can serve as a quality index of the S. virga-aurea var. asiatica Nakai essential oils in food industries.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.197-197
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• 2017

In order to reduce the loss of perilla seeds at harvesting stage, different seeding methods and harvesting time had been applied to upland soil in NICS (National Institute of Crop Science), RDA, Milyang, Korea. The seeding methods were divided into hill and drill seeding, and harvesting time were 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% color-changing of top cluster perilla (cv Deulsaem) seeds. Higher plant height and lowest flower cluster, thinner culm thickness was observed in drill seeding treated plot than hill seeding treated plot. However, field lodging occurred lower at drill seeding treatment (lodging degree 3) than hill seeding plot (lodging degree 5). Harvesting time affected the loss of perilla seeds and the loss rate of perilla seeds were investigated at different color-changing of top flower cluster. When seeds were harvested at 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% color-changing of top cluster perilla seeds, the loss rate of hill and drill seeding showed no significant differences however the loss rated of 40, 60, 80, and 100 % color-changing of top flower cluster were 1.9% to 3.0%, 3.8% to 3.9%, 8.0% to 10.2%, and 16.1% to 22.7%, respectively. The harvesting time had no significant effects on the yield of perilla seeds. These results suggest that optimum harvesting time of perilla could be recommend at the 60% color-changing of top cluster to reduce the loss of perilla seeds.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.447-456
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• 2016

Access to clean and affordable water is one of the fundamental human rights because water is essential to life and a foundation for socioeconomic development of any country in the world. Despite the efforts to secure water supply in Burundi, the amount of water supplied by public utilities does not meet the demand of the population because population keeps increasing with fluctuation of weather conditions. This study selected north Bujumbura that is a sprawling new residential area in the western part of Burundi as a case to investigate the potential of rainwater harvesting in meeting water demand of the country. Based on a long-term average monthly precipitation in the region, the rainwater harvesting potential was assessed as a function of roof sizes, number of households, and runoff coefficients of roof materials. For the entire region of north Bujumbura, the current water supply capacity of the local water company combined with the rainwater harvesting potential resulted in the water surplus of $468,604.1m^3/yr$. Although three communes among them still showed water deficit in dry season, they still got help from rainwater to relieve their water shortage. This suggests that at the regional scale, proper storages and water quality control for harvestable rainwater could contribute to relieving the regional water shortage and allow the population growth.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.353-364
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• 2020

국내 주요 재배 콩 품종을 대상으로 수확 지연 시 강우에 따른 피해 양상 및 수확방법에 따른 종실 및 수량 특성을 분석하고자 본 실험을 수행하였으며, 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 품종별 탈립률의 차이가 나타났으며, 대원콩에서는 강우처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복 에서 40일 수확 지연 시 탈립률이 5.3% 증가하였으나, 풍산나물콩은 강우 무처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복에서 40일 수확 지연 시 41.8%까지 증가하였다. 2. 100립중은 강우처리 및 수확방법에 따라 수확이 지연될수록 입중이 미세하게 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 강우처리 후 포장 수확한 경우를 제외하고 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 3. 수량은 대원콩의 경우 강우처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복 할 경우 수량 감소가 가장 크게 나타났으며 적기 수확기 이후 40일 지연 수확할 경우 일당 평균 감수율은 0.8 kg ha^-1, 풍산나물콩은 강우 무처리 및 예취 후 비닐피복에서 적기 수확기 이후 40일 지연 수확할 경우 일당 평균 감수율은 3.4 kg ha^-1로 나타났다. 4. 강우처리 및 수확방법에 따른 이병립률은 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 수확 지연에 따라 이병률도 증가하였으며, 강우처리 및 포장 수확에서 이병률이 가장 높았고, 40일 지연 수확 시 대원콩은 7.0%, 풍산나물콩은 4.0%로 증가하였다. 5. 강우 무처리시 포장 수확 및 예취 후 비닐피복의 수확방법에 따른 차이는 적었으며, 수확이 지연되어도 95%이상의 발아율을 유지하였다. 강우처리 시 수확 지연에 따라 발아율은 현저하게 낮아졌으며, 포장 수확의 경우 40일 수확을 지연하면 대원콩은 77.2%, 풍산나물콩은 76.5%까지 발아율이 감소하였다. 6. 조단백질 함량은 시험 품종 모두 강우처리에 따라 무처리구에서 다소 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 수확방법에서도 예취 후 비닐피복에 비하여 포장 수확에서 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 조지방 함량은 강우를 처리할 경우 다소 높게 나타났으며, 수확방법에서는 예취 후 비닐피복에서 높은 함량을 보였다. 7. 100립중은 개별 처리에 대한 효과가 적어 처리간 상호적용 효과가 적었으나, 이병립률 및 발아율은 처리간 상호작용 효과가 높았다. 8. 품종별 탈립률의 처리간 상호작용 효과는 수량의 상호작용 효과와 같은 양상을 나타내어, 탈립률이 수량에 가장 영향을 준 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1995

This experiment was canied out to study the effects of seeding and harvesting dates on the growth of early and late maturing rye(Seca1e cereale L.) varieties at the forage testing field of S.N.U., Suweon, from September 1986 to May 1989. Leaf and tiller numbers of rye per plant were increased with earlier seeding date, but no difference in the tiller numbers was found between harvesting dates of early and late maturing rye varieties. Tiller dry weight of an early maturing rye veriety, Wintermore was higher than that of a late maturing rye variety, Kodiak when sown as early as September. Maximun leaf area index(LA1) and leaf area index duration(LA1D) were achieved with earlier seeding and early maturing rye varieties. A higher correlation between the maximum LA1 or LAID and dry matter accumulation of rye varieties was observed in this experiment.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.438-447
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• 2024

Tongyeong is an important shellfish harvesting area, that hosts the largest designated sea area for shellfish exports in South Korea. In particular, the Dosan-Poonghwa Sea Area in Tongyeong is a semi-enclosed bay with poor water circulation and significant pollution due to its proximity to urban areas. This study examined the distribution of fecal pollution indicators (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, male-specific coliphages, and norovirus G1/G2) in the influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). This study assessed the impact of the effluent discharge on shellfish harvesting areas in the Dosan-Poonghwa Sea Area to better safeguard shellfish farms and guarantee the safety of harvested shellfish. A strong positive correlation was observed between total and fecal coliforms in both influent (r=0.974, P<0.01) and effluent (r=0.779, P<0.05), with no other significant correlations observed. The impacts of the effluent was evaluated according to NSSP guidelines. The volume of seawater required to dilute the effluent discharged per day was calculated. This evaluation indicated that surrounding aquaculture areas were not impacted, and no viruses were detected in oysters collected from the Dosan-Pungwha Sea Area.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제112권4호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 홍천 가리산 국유림 선도산림경영단지를 대상으로 목재생산 가능면적과 목재생산 잠재량을 분석하고, 지속가능한 목재수확을 위한 최적 목표수확량을 제시하고자 하였다. 목재생산 가능면적을 분석하기 위해서 공간분석을 통해 경사도 40° 이상인 지역(지형적 제약조건), 수계 양안 30 m 이내 지역(환경적 제약조건), 임도로부터 300 m 이상 떨어진 지역(기술적 제약조건)을 제외하여 분석한 결과, 전체 단지 면적 6,679 ha 가운데 3,298 ha (49%)가 목재생산 가능 면적으로 분석되었다. 목재생산 가능면적을 대상으로 목재생산 잠재량을 분석한 결과 608,613 m³으로 나타났으며, 특히 침엽수 인공림의 목재생산 잠재량이 409,721 m³으로 67.3%를 차지하여 매우 높았다. 향후 50년간 일정한 목재수확량을 유지하면서 영급 간 면적의 편차를 최소화할 수 있도록 최적화 분석을 실시한 결과, 연 평균 41.9 ha, 7,988 m³가 최적의 목재 수확량으로 나타났으며, 이 경우 50년 후의 영급구조가 보다 안정적인 형태로 전환이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.354-362
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• 2000

In Korea, researches on year-round leaf vegetables production system are in progress, most of them focused on environmental control. Therefore, automation technologies for harvesting, transporting, and grading are in great demand. A robot system for harvesting lettuces, composed of a 3-DOF (degree of freedom) manipulator, an end-effector, a lettuce feeding conveyor, an air blower, a machine vision system, six photoelectric sensors, and a fuzzy logic controller, was developed. A fuzzy logic control was applied to determine appropriate grip force on lettuce. Leaf area index and height were used as input variables and voltage as an output variable for the fuzzy logic controller. Success rate of the lettuce harvesting was 94.12%, and average harvesting time was approximately 5 seconds per lettuce.