• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1580-1597
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• 1969

1. The field test of our experiment comparing the traditional syckle and the new manually pulled cutter showed that the working efficiency of the manually pulled cutter is about two times higher than that of the syckle. The operator can standerect while using the manually pulled cutter, thus reducing fatigue. Because of the reduction in body fatigue, the operator is able to work more total hours, making the manually pulled harvester three times more efficient than the syckle. 2. The optimum angle for the V-shaped cutter blade varies according to the number of the hiller, but in manufacturing the cutter, the range must be controlled between $35^{\circ}{\sim}45^{\circ}$. 3. The radius of curvature of the V-shaped blade is closely related to the blade angle. The best results were obtained when the radii of curvature were r=32cm with $35^{\circ}$ angle, r=153mm with $45^{\circ}$ angle, and r=220mm with $40^{\circ}$ angle. 4. The hardness distribution test of the blade showed great differences between foreign made and domestic made blades. The heat treatment method must be greatly improved for superior hardness distribution. 5. Although the efficiency of the manually pushed cutter is equal to that of the manually pulled cutter, the manually pushed cutter is not only more expensive to produce but also has a much more complicated structure than the manually pulled cutter. Because of our rural economic conditions, the power harvester which is utilized in foreign countries can not yet be introduced here. Thus, the manually pulled cutter should be popularized in our rural areas until economic conditions will allow us to introduce power harvesters. 6. The use of the manually pulled cutter will make it possible for an operator to harvest an area in only one-third of the time that it would take to harvest the same area with a traditional syckle, and it will make it possible for an operator to earn about 8,000 won for harvesting 10 Jung-bo: such benefits will help in increasing farm income and will contribute to farm modernization.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.79-91
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• 1988

The present survey was designed to find out the utilization status of korean traditional cookies and the evaluation degrees of their commercial products' quality subjects. The subjects were housewives randomly selected who lived in Seoul, Deajeon, Youngju city (Kyoung Buk Province area), and Sechon khun (Chung Nam province area). We performed this survey from November 16 to 28, 1987 by questionnaire method. The results obtained can be summarized as follows; 1) In the subjects' home, 25 kinds of Korean traditional cookies were used. All of them Youmilkwa and Kangjeong type were used more frequently than the other types and Jeonkwa, Dasik, and Suksilkwa were used scarcely. 2) Korean traditional cookies which were showed more than 20% of utilization ratio were follows; Yackwa (74.4%), Sanja (26.8%), Taraekwa (22.6%), Seban-kangjeong (21.7%). 3) On New Year's day, Korean traditional cookies were used more frequently than harvest festival day but their utilization ratio of western cookies was follows; New Year's day was 10%, and harvest festival day was 6.2%. 5) On ceremonial day, Youmilkwa and kangjeong type were used more frequently than jeonkwa, Dasik, and Suksilkwa type. 6) All of ceremonial days, korean traditional cookies were used most frequently on the 60th birth day and their utilization ratio was extremely low on the 100th day after birth, 1st birth day, and funeral day. 7) Generally western cookies were used more frequently than Korean traditional cookies on the birth day of children and adults. 8) Convinience (64.8%) was the most favored cause purchasing the commercial products but many subjects (37.0%) wanted to make the Korean traditional cookies at home. 9) All the quality properties of commercial products, taste, package, and storage property were favored but price and hygienic property were poorly evaluated by subjects. The evaluation about taste and package property of commercial products was affected by academic career (p<0.05), and shelf life was affected by age (P<0.01) significantly. And hygienic property was significantly affected by age and academic career respectively. (P<0.01).

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.469-479
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• 2016

Kimchi cabbage is one of the most important vegetables in Korea and a target crop for market stabilization as well. In particular Kimchi cabbages in a highland area are very sensitive to the fluctuations in supply and demand. Yield variability due to growth conditions dictates the market fluctuations of Kimchi cabbage price. This study was carried out to understand the distribution of the highland Kimchi cabbage growth status in Anbandeok. Anbandeok area in Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea is one of the main producing districts of highland Kimchi cabbage. The highland Kimchi cabbage status map of each growth factor was obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery and field survey data. Six status maps include UAVRGB image map, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) distribution/anomaly map, Crop distribution map, Planting/Harvest distribution map, Growth parameter map and Growth disorder map. As a result, the highland Kimchi cabbage status maps from May 31 to Sep. 6 in 2016 were presented to show spatial variability in the field. The benefits of the highland Kimchi cabbage status map can be summarized as follows: crop growth monitoring, reference for field observations and survey, the relative comparison of the growth condition in field scale, evaluation of growth in comparison of average year, change detection of annual crops or planting areas, abandoned fields monitoring, prediction of harvest season etc.

• Journal of the Korean Burn Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2020

Diabetic patients have an increased risk of burn injuries on foot. Because of their diabetic neuropathy, they could contact with hot water or warming device without being aware of it. Split-thickness skin graft (STSG) is successful in treatment of various wound types; however, donor site wounds are sometimes problematic, and complications such as pain and impaired healing often occur. Although, donor site wounds in healthy young individuals can rapidly heal without complications, the wound-healing capacity of elderly patients or those with a comorbidity has been reported to be low. The dermatome is the most commonly used tool because it can harvest a large skin graft in one attempt. However, it is difficult to harvest tissues if the area is not flat. Furthermore, because the harvested skin is usually rectangular, additional skin usually remains after skin grafting. Therefore, use of razor blade and fragmented STSG on a large defect area is advantageous for harvesting a graft with a desired size, shape, and thickness. From January 2018 to July 2018, fragmented STSG was used in 9 patients who suffered from burn induced open wound on foot with diabetic neuropathy. With this approach, healing process was relatively rapid. The mean age of patients was 70 (57~86 years) and all of 9 patients had diabetes mellitus type 2. In all patients, the skin graft on the defect site healed well and did not result in complications such as hematoma or seroma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.204-209
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• 2000

At harvest, the starch contents of apples, which were related to their maturity, were quantified by using image analysis. The stained area was measured by a computer vision system when an apple slice was stained with KI/I$_2$ solution. The stained area ratio of the stained area of the apple slice to its whole area, or the starch index, was defined as an indicator of starch content. When Tsugaru apples were manually sorted into immature, turning and mature groups, their starch indices were 0.374, 0.312 and 0.129, respectively. Meanwhile, the starch index had correlation to various physicochemical properties of Tsugaru apples. At the statistically significant level of 0.1 %, it was correlated with the pH value, bio-yield force, rupture force and color of intact and skin-removed apples. At the 1 ％ significant level, it had the correlation with the density and moisture content.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.58-58
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• 2022

With the development of advanced technology, automation of agricultural work is spreading. In association with the 4th industrial revolution-based technology, research on field smart farm technology is being actively conducted. A state-of-the-art unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration complex was established in Naju-si, Jeollanam-do. For the operation of the demonstration area platform, it is necessary to build a sophisticated, advanced, and intelligent field smart farming model. For the operation of the unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration area platform, we are building data on the growth of soybean for smart cultivated crops and conducting research to determine the optimal time for agricultural work. In order to operate an unmanned automation platform, data is collected to discover digital factors for water management immediately after planting, water management during the growing season, and determination of harvest time. A subsurface drip irrigation system was established for smart water management. Irrigation was carried out when the soil moisture was less than 20%. For effective water management, soil moisture was measured at the surface, 15cm, and 30cm depth. Vegetation indices were collected using drones to find key factors in soybean production prediction. In addition, major growth characteristics such as stem length, number of branches, number of nodes on the main stem, leaf area index, and dry weight were investigated. By discovering digital factors for effective decision-making through data construction, it is expected to greatly enhance the efficiency of the operation of the unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration area.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.799-807
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• 2004

The objective of this field experiment was to investigate the growth, hay yield and chemical composition of cassava and stylo 184 grown under intercropping. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were: sole crop cassava (C); sole crop stylo 184 (S) and three intercropping treatments comprising an additive series of one (SC), two (SSC) and three (SSSC) rows of stylo 184 to one row of cassava. The results showed that leaf area per plant (LA) of cassava was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the sole crop relative to the intercropping treatments. Both total hay yield and CPDM yield were significantly higher (p<0.05) for C treatment and lower (p<0.05) for SSSC treatment. The total hay yield and CPDM yield were significantly greater (p<0.05) in the sole crop relative to the intercropping treatments. At the first and second harvests, CP content was similar among treatments; while at third and fourth harvests, CP contents were significantly greater (p<0.05) for the intercropping treatment relative to the sole crop. At the first and second harvest, NDF contents were significantly greater (p<0.05) in the sole crop relative to the intercropping treatments, whereas NDF contents were similar among intercropping treatments. Leaf area of stylo 184 at first and second harvest were significantly greater (p<0.05) for C, SC and SSC as compared with the SSSC treatments. At each harvesting, there were no significant differences in ash, CP, NDF, ADF and ADL contents of stylo 184 hay between the sole crop and intercropping treatments, except for the first harvest. ADF contents were significantly greater (p<0.05) in S, SC treatments relative to SSC and SSSC treatments. Both collective hay yield and CPDM yield of cassava and stylo 184 were significantly greater (p<0.05) for the SSC treatment and significantly lower (p<0.05) for the S treatment. Collective hay yield and CPDM yield were significantly greater (p<0.05) for the intercropping treatments relative to the sole crop. Based on this research, it was concluded that stylo 184 showed potential for intercropping with cassava. Intercropping cassava with stylo 184 has beneficial effects and can improve foliage biomass yield and soil fertility, which would be a more sustainable system than growing the cassava as a pure stand. In terms of hay yield and CP production, two rows of stylo 184 to one row of cassava could be the optimal pattern for this intercropping system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.292-304
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• 1993

This research developed a forest-level harvest scheduling model using linear programming (LP). The formulations of the LP model include timber production schemes with constraints of nondecling yield forest conversion strategies, the minimum timber supply, levels and the maximum cut acrages. The model is able to generate both Model I and Model II types of input matrix in MPS format. In this paper, use of LP in building the framework of the strategic forest planning model was justified by comparing the algorithmic characteristics of LP with those of Gentan probability and binary search approaches through literature reviews. In order to demonstrate the field applicability of the model proposed. (1) the harvest scheduling problem for about 11,000-hectare case study area (Mt. Baekun area in Southern Experimental Forest of Seoul National University) was formulated and soloed and (2) the effects of the change in task regulatory timber production constraints or. optimal harvesting schedules here investigated.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.106-110
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• 2016

In this study, a planting density-growth-harvest (PGH) chart was developed to easily read the growth and harvest factors such as crop growth rate, relative growth rate, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, harvesting time, marketable rate, and marketable yield of common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.). The plants were grown in a nutrient film technique (NFT) system in a closed-type plant factory using fluorescent lamps with three-band radiation under a light intensity of $140{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and a photoperiod of 12 h. Growth and yield were analyzed under four planting densities ($15{\times}10cm$, $15{\times}15cm$, $15{\times}20cm$, and $15{\times}25cm$). Shoot fresh and dry weights per plant increased at a higher planting density until reached an upper limit and yield per area was also same tendency. Crop growth rate, relative growth rate and lost time were described using quadratic equation. A linear relationship between shoot dry weight and fresh weights was observed. PGH chart was constructed based on the growth data and making equations. For instance, with within row spacing (= 20 cm) and fresh weight per plant at harvest (= 100 g), we can estimate all the growth and harvest factors of common ice plant. The planting density, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, lost time, shoot dry weight per plant, harvesting time, and yield were $33plants/m^2$, $20g{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, $0.27g{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}d^{-1}$, 22 days, 2.5 g/plant, 26 days after transplanting, and $3.2kg{\cdot}m^{-2}$, respectively. With this chart, we could easily obtain the growth factors such as planting density, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, lost time and the harvest factors such as shoot fresh and dry weights, harvesting time, marketable rate, and marketable yield with at least two parameters, for instance, planting distance and one of harvest factors of plant. PGH charts will be useful tools to estimate the growth and yield of crops and to practical design of a closed-type plant production system.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2015

A thermal time-based phenology model of Kimchi cabbage was developed by using the field observed growth and temperature data for the purpose of accurately predicting heading and harvest dates among diverse cropping systems. In this model the lifecycle of Kimchi cabbage was separated into the growth stage and the heading stage, while the growth amount of each stage was calculated by optimal mathematical functions describing the response curves for different temperature regimes. The parameter for individual functions were derived from the 2012-2014 crop status report collected from seven farms with different cropping systems located in major Kimchi cabbage production area of South Korea (i.e., alpine Gangwon Province for the summer cultivation and coastal plains in Jeonnam Province for the autumn cultivation). For the model validation, we used an independent data set consisting of local temperature data restored by a geospatial correction scheme and observed harvest dates from 17 farms. The results showed that the root mean square error averaged across the location and time period (2012-2014) was 5.3 days for the harvest date. This model is expected to enhance the utilization of the Korea Meteorological Administration's daily temperature data in issuing agrometeorological forecasts for developmental stages of Kimchi cabbage grown widely in South Korea.