• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권3A호
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• pp.240-249
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• 2011

본 논문은 펨토셀시스템(femtocell system)의 단말(mobile station)이 핸드오버(handover)하기 전에 이웃한 기지국(neighbor station)의 정보를 공유하는 셀 관리(cell management) 기법과 핸드오버 방법에 대해 제안한다. 펨토셀시스템에서는 셀관리를 위해 수많은 펨토셀의 정보를 MOB_NBR-ADV메시지에 포함하여 방송하는데, 단말과 기지국에서 MOB_NBR-ADV메시지를 처리할 때 일시적인 부하가 발생된다. 따라서 효율적인 동작과 핸드오버 성공률 개선을 위해 MOB_NBR-ADV메시지의 구성 및 전송방법을 제안한다. 또한, 셀 간 중첩된 영역에서 핸드오버의 핑퐁(ping-pong) 현상을 막기 위해 히스테리시스 범위(hysteresis margin)를 이용한다. 그러나 수많은 펨토셀이 도입된 경우 기존의 히스테리시스범위 만으로 핑퐁현상을 막을 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 중첩된 셀의 개수가 증가하는 경우 히스테리시스범위가 커지는 방법과, 차등적으로 셀을 관리하여 불필요한 핸드오버의 횟수를 최소화하는 방법 등을 제안하였다. 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통해 성능 검증한 결과, 제안한 방식이 기존의 펨토셀 시스템의 셀 관리 및 핸드오버 방식에 비해 성능을 개선시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권5B호
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• pp.741-752
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• 2010

The ability to seamlessly switch between the macro networks and femtocell networks is a key driver for femtocell network deployment. The handover procedures for the integrated femtocell/macrocell networks differ from the existing handovers. Some modifications of existing network and protocol architecture for the integration of femtocell networks with the existing macrocell networks are also essential. These modifications change the signal flow for handover procedures due to different 2-tier cell (macrocell and femtocell) environment. The handover between two networks should be performed with minimum signaling. A frequent and unnecessary handover is another problem for hierarchical femtocell/macrocell network environment that must be minimized. This work studies the details mobility management schemes for small and medium scale femtocell network deployment. To do that, firstly we present two different network architectures for small scale and medium scale WCDMA femtocell deployment. The details handover call flow for these two network architectures and CAC scheme to minimize the unnecessary handovers are proposed for the integrated femtocell/macrocell networks. The numerical analysis for the proposed M/M/N/N queuing scheme and the simulation results of the proposed CAC scheme demonstrate the handover call control performances for femtocell environment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.4015-4033
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• 2015

The future mobile networks consist of hyper-dense heterogeneous and small cell networks of same or different radio access technologies (RAT). Integrating mobile networks of different RATs to provide seamless and smooth mobility service will be the target of future mobile converged network. Generally, handover from high-speed networks to low-speed networks faces many challenges from application perspective, such as abrupt bandwidth variation, packet loss, round trip time variation, connection disruption, and transmission blackout. Existing inter-RAT handover solutions cannot solve all the problems at the same time. Based on the high-layer convergence sublayer design, a new receiver-aided soft inter-RAT handover is proposed. This soft handover scheme takes advantage of multihoming ability of multi-mode mobile station (MS) to smooth handover procedure. In addition, handover procedure is seamless and applicable to frequent handover scenarios. The simulation results conducted in UMTS-WiMAX converged network scenario show that: in case of TCP traffics for handover from WiMAX to UMTS, not only handover latency and packet loss are eliminated completely, but also abrupt bandwidth/wireless RTT variation is smoothed. These delightful features make this soft handover scheme be a reasonable candidate of mobility management for future mobile converged networks.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권7B호
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• pp.710-720
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• 2009

차세대 이동통신 네트워크는 다양한 이종 접속 시스댐들이 통합된 환경에서 vertical 핸드오버와 seamless 핸드오버를 지원하여야 한다. IEEE 802.21은 이를 위해 이종 접속 네트워크에서 효율적인 핸도오버 서비스를 지원하는 Media Independent Handover (MlH) 서비스를 제안하였다. 그리고 IETF는 호스트 이동성을 지원하고 핸드오버 지연을 감소시킬 수 있는 Fast handover for MIPv6 (FMIPv6) 기술을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서는 MIH 서비스와 FMIPv6 기술을 융합하여, 차세대 이동통신 네트워크 환경에 적합한 이동성 관리 프레임워크를 제안한다. 제안하는 프레임워크는 무선 네트워크 구간에서 오버헤드로 작용하던 핸드오버 시그널링 메시지들의 사용을 줄이고, 새로운 MIH 메시지 및 로컬 프리미티브를 사용한다. 또한, 사용자 단말에서 수행하던 많은 핸도오버 처리 절차들을 Serving Access Router (SAR)가 수행하도록 제안한다. 따라서 제안된 이행 관리 프레임워크는 기존의 프레임워크에 비해 핸드오버 시그널령 오버헤드, 핸드오버 지연 및 패킷 손실을 감소시킬 수 있고, 수치해석과 네트워크 시뮬레이션을 통해 이를 검증한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.5028-5057
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• 2015

In this paper, a new mathematical scheme of Macro Handover Management (MHM) in F-HMIPv6 networks based on Location Based Services (LBS) is proposed. Previous schemes based on F-HMIPv6 protocol usually suffer from three major drawbacks: First, They don't exploit the information about the user mobility behavior in order to reduce handover effects. Second, they only focus on the micro mobility level. Third, they don't consider the quality of service (QoS) of the traffic. The proposed MHM scheme avoids these drawbacks using the available information about Mobile Node (MN) such as user mobility patterns and MN's velocity to predict handover and improve network's QoS. It also takes the traffic type in consideration since it presents a major factor in locating QoS for the user. MHM is analyzed and compared with the F-HMIPv6. The results show that MHM improves the performance in terms of packet delivery cost, location update cost, and handover latency. The design of MHM comprises software package in the MN in addition to a hardware part in the network side. It has implications for communication, design, and pricing of mobile services.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.266-284
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• 2009

The challenges of rapidly growing numbers of mobile nodes in IPv6-based networks are being faced by mobile computing researchers worldwide. Recently, IETF has standardized Mobile IPv6 and Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6(FMIPv6) for supporting IPv6 mobility. Even though existing literatures have asserted that FMIPv6 generally improves MIPv6 in terms of handover speed, they did not carefully consider the details of the whole handover procedures. Therefore, in conventional protocols, the handover process reveals numerous problems manifested by a time-consuming network layer based movement detection and latency in configuring a new care of address with confirmation. In this article, we study the impact of the address configuration and confirmation procedure on the IP handover latency. To mitigate such effects, we propose a new scheme which can reduce the latency taken by the movement detection, address configuration and confirmation from the whole handover latency. Furthermore, a mathematical analysis is provided to show the benefits of our scheme. In the analysis, various parameters are used to compare our scheme with the current procedures, while our approach is focused on the reduction of handover latency. Finally, we demonstrate total handover scenarios for the proposed techniques and discussed the major factors which contribute to the handover latency.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.4609-4623
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• 2017

The commercialization of LTE/SAE technologies has begun a new era in which data can be transmitted at remarkably high rates. The security of the LTE/SAE network, however, remains problematic. The forward security in LTE/SAE X2 handover key management can be threatened by key compromise and de-synchronization attacks as base station in public spaces can be compromised. This study was conducted to address the lack of forward key security in X2 handover key management in scenarios in which an adversary controls a legal base station. We developed the proposed X2 handover key management by changing the parameter in the renewing step and adding a verification step. We compare the security and performance of our proposal with other similar schemes. Our enhancement scheme ensures forward separation security accompanied by favorable signal and computation load performance.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제47권12호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 이기종 무선 네트워크에서 다중 무선 네트워크 인터페이스를 이용한 고속 IP 이동성 관리 방법을 제시한다. 구체적으로, 핸드오버로 인한 패킷 손실과 핸드오버 지연시간을 최소화하기 위해, E-MAP과 이동 단말 간 멀티 캐스팅 터널링을 동적으로 생성하는 IETF HMIPv6를 확장한 E-HMIPv6를 제시하였다. E-HMIPv6는 IETF HNIPv6의 MAP의 확장, 핸드오버 절차, 동시 다중 터널링를 포함 한다. 제안된 방법의 우수성을 증명하기 위해 기존의 이동성 관리 방법과의 TCP과 UDP 기반의 어플리케이션에서의 성능 비교를 위해 NS-2 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제19C권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 이종 무선네트워크간의 수직적 핸드오버를 할 때 네트워크 접속 물리 인터페이스의 전환에 따른 서비스 단절을 방지하고 3세대 무선네트워크 이동성 관리와 일관성을 유지하여 이동성 관리의 편의를 제공할 수 있는 가상 인터페이스 기반의 Simple IP 에뮬레이션 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법의 실증적 실험을 통해 가상 인터페이스의 미적용시와 핸드오버 시간을 비교하여 핸드오버 성능 개선을 확인하였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.110-113
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• 1999

In this paper. we propose an adaptive handover scheme in wireless network The proposed handover scheme is a hybrid type of virtual path extension and rerouting. The proposed handover scheme chooses the virtual path management scheme according to the service QoS instead of the network topology which is used in the previous hybrid handover schemes. The proposed scheme supports the seamless service and small buffering during virtual path rerouting handover through the multicasting service. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. we compute the number of signaling message used for handover and perform computer simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides more efficiency in the handover delay and seamless service than the previous methods.