• Title/Summary/Keyword: handmade Korean paper

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The Study of Hanji and Washi Fiber Orientation using Image analysis (지류문화재 보존수리에 있어서 한지의 섬유 배향성 분석 연구)

  • Han, Yoon-Hee;Song, Jeong-Ju
    • 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.11-15
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    • 2006
  • This work aims to clarify the character and selection of repair papers, based on fibre orientation information of paper cultural properties under restoration; using nondestructive image analysis applied to micrographs of paper surfaces. Image analysis using fast Fourier transform with suitable modifications was demonstrated to be an effective means to determine angle and intensity of fiber orientation as a nondestructive method. In the case of contemporary repair papers, the Japanese handmade paper exhibited a high anisotropy value, while the Korean handmade papers exhibited low anisotropy values. Korea and Japanese traditional hand making papers were well distinguished. Korea and Japanese papers made in the traditional ways showed its own characteristic orientation behavior in accordance with the motion of a bamboo wire.

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Studies on the Dyeing of Hanji by Natural Dye-stuffs(III) - With a focus on the mugwort - (천연염료를 이용한 한지염색에 관한 연구(III) - 쑥을 중심으로 -)

  • Jeon, Cheol;Ahn, Young-Hwan;Jeon, Hyung-Ja
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.38 no.3 s.116
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    • pp.61-65
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this study was to find in what color Korean handmade paper(Hanji) is dyed when it is dyed with a pigment extracted from mugworts using different kinds of mordant, and how the paper is discolored and variety of strength under the condition of accelerated aging test. The results of this experiment are as follows. Among mugwort mordants, only ferrous sulfate mordant produced unique khaki color with a slightly lower degree of discoloration, so it is considered to be applicable in dyeing Korean paper. Bright yellow and light green colors were obtained using mugwort but their chroma was too low for actual use. With regard to water used, colors obtained using underground water had high chroma, but when distilled water was used paper was colored in useless light green. Mordant was found to lower the strength of Korean handmade paper, and the lowering of strength was even more serious under the condition of forced deterioration.

Characteristics of wastewater from unit systems of automative process for manufacture of paper mulberry pulp fibers (닥 펄프 제조공정 자동화에 따른 단위공정 폐수의 특성)

  • Hwang, Ji-Hyun;Hwang, Sung-Jun;Kim, Hyoung-Jin
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2015
  • Paper mulberry fibers have been used as fibrous raw materials for manufacturing traditional handmade paper, hanji for a long time. Compared to wood pulp fibers, pulp fibers from mulberry bast tissue have some benefits in physical and chemical properties due to their high D.P (degree of polymerization), M.W (molecule weight) and long fiber length. Specially, Korean handmade hanji shows outstanding characteristics in mechanical tensile strength, folding endurance, flexibility and long sustainable conservation properties. Therefore, hanji is widely applied to daily supplies, hygienic goods, medical supplies, clothing industries and so on. Recently, the potential demand of mulberry pulp fibers is more and more increased on the strength of high application fields. This study was focused on the possibility of wastewater recycling in unit operation systems for the development of automated mass production line. The properties and environmental loads of wastewater from debarking, cooking, bleaching and screening process were analyzed by means of COD, conductivity, turbidity and solid materials. The wastewater from debarking and cooking process was comparatively high in pollution load, and would be treated by additional approaches of chemico-physical method.

2009 Historical Consideration of Hanji Used as Art Materials

  • Lee, Ji-Young;Kim, Chul-Hwan;Lee, Young-Rok;Baek, Gyeong-Gil;Lee, Hee-Jin;Gwak, Hye-Jung;Kim, Sung-Ho;Gang, Ha-Ryun
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.191-197
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    • 2009
  • Traditional Korean paper called Hanji using bast fibers from mulberry tree is made through complicated handmade works. This made Hanji very strong and exceedingly durable. Therefore it is said to last a thousand years. Such incomparable features of Hanji come from the unique sheet forming method called ouibalttugi using a bamboo screen. Excellent physical properties of Hanji reflect the wide variety of use, all central to everyday life. Despite its Excellency, the papermaking practice of traditional handmade paper, Hanji, from Korea is little known outside its country. This might be due to public apathy on Hanji in modern times. Without future apprentices dedicated to the craft, the Korean tradition able to make its soul is in danger of extinction in its homeland. Therefore more concern and more affection on Hanji is required immediately. It must be kept in mind that Hanji is our cultural heritage in pride over time.

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Analysis of Historical Documents from a Viewpoint of Paper Science

  • Han, Yoon-Hee;Enomae, Toshiharu;Isogal, Akira;Yamamoto, Hirofumi;Hotate, Michihisa
    • Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.147-152
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    • 2006
  • Restoration of historical documents and arts has become important to inherit cultural properties. Most of historical documents were recorded on paper. Therefore, restoration of ancient papers is demanded and techniques for this purpose must be developed and sophisticated. In our study, several nondestructive methods for analyzing ancient paper have been developed. Image analysis using fast Fourier transform with suitable modifications was applied to optical micrographs of traditionally-handmade Korean and Japanese papers. This analysis determines the angle and anisotropy of fiber orientation of paper surfaces. Fiber orientation of traditionally-handmade Korean and Japanese papers was found to show their own characteristics in accordance with the motion of a papermaking screen made of bamboo splints. Consequently, the information on fiber orientation was found to be possible to distinguish the flow-sheet forming typical of Japanese paper and still-sheet forming typical of Korean paper. Moreover, the anisotropy was always higher for the screen side than for the top side, thus meaning that surface fiber orientation is possible to distinguish the two sides of paper of which papermaking history is unknown. An application of this technique to actual historical documents evidenced that wrapping papers were used as envelops with a lateral side up, namely, after rotating 90 degrees. A variety of cultural habits in writing letters was revealed by discrimination of the two sides.

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Difference of Calendering and Dochim Effects on Paper Surface Properties

  • Seo, Yung-Bum;Jun, Yang
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.39 no.5
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    • pp.26-31
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    • 2007
  • Hanji is a traditional Korean handmade paper, which has been known in ancient Far East as excellent quality calligraphic paper for more than 1,500 year. Hanji is mostly made of Korean paper mulberry bast fibers, and if properly processed, normally lasts for more than 1,000 years with significant strength and still recognizable calligraphic writings or drawings on it. Dochim is a special way of Hanji calendering process, but is turned out to be quite different from modern calendering (machine calendering) in several aspects. In Dochim process, mechanical impacts were applied vertically to the surface of papers. Compared to the modern calendering, Dochim increased paper gloss much more, but paper smoothness a little less. By the Dochim process, densification occurred and the degree of densification was more sensitive to the fiber type in the Dochim process than in the calendering method.

A Study on 'Eco-Look' expressed in contemporary fashion (현대패션에 표현된 에콜로지에 관한 연구)

  • 정연자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.30
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    • pp.227-237
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the main characteristics of the environmentalism expressed in contemporary fashion. i.e. 'eco-look'. They can be categorized into naturalism symbolism primitiveness and concern about recycling. First naturalistic tendency can be found in through the method of some contemporary eco-looks which are using natural colors harmonisation of the colors in similarity and in controst and expressing in a realistic manner some natural entities or use some ornaments representing them. Such trends easily let people to feel the clothes unified with the nature and human beings. Secondly some contemporary eco-looks express environmentalistic ideas for examples the idea for protection of the nature or the idea against pollution of the earth and destruction of nature in a symbolistic way. Thirdly primitiveness is one of the most characteristic feature in contemporary eco-looks. It can be found in contemporary eco-looks, In can be found in some eco-looks using primitive or original images of Africa and underdeveloped countries. it reflects the human desire to go back to the nature or to the unity with the nature, Finally recycled materials are commonly used in eco-look. Patchwork and handmade knits are popular methods for this mode. They implicates the idea of pragmatism and simplicity in fashion. One Conclusion of the paper on eco-look: fashion design which can be itself an import-ant environment of human beings Secondly some contemporary eco-looks ex-press environmentalistic ideas for examples the idea for protection of the nature or the idea against pollution of the earth and destruction of nature in a symbolistic way. Thirdly primitiveness is one of the most characteristic feature in contemporary eco-looks. It can be found in some eco-looks using primitive or original images of Africa and underdeveloped countries. it reflects the human desire to go back to the nature or to the unity with the nature. Finally recycled materials are commonly used In eco-look Patchwork and handmade knits are popular methods for this mode. They implicates the idea of pragmatism and simplicity in fashion. One Conclusion of the paper on eco-look ; fashion design which can be itself an import-ant environment of human beings has become a very efficient and significant tool to express the idea of ecology.

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Manufacturing of Korean Traditional Handmade Paper with Reduced Fiber Damage(III)-Potassuim Carbonate Cooking of Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia Kazinoki Sieb) (섬유의 손상이 적은 한지 제조(제 2보) -닥나무 백피의 K2CO3 증자 특성)

  • 문성필;임금태
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.83-89
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    • 1999
  • Bast fibers of paper mulberry ( Broussonetia Kazinoki Sieb) were cooked with a weak alkaline salt, potassium carbonate which has been known as a major inorganic component of the traditional lye, and its cooking characteristics were investigated . The bast fiber was easily cooked by potassium carbonate. The pulp yield was rapidly decreased up to 20-30 mol of potassium carbonate, but the Kappa number was slowly decreased with increasing of potassium carbonate. The potassium carbonate pulps were easily defibered at low cooking chemical charge of 25mm on and high pulp yield of about 80%. These results were confirmed that pectin was easily removed during the potassium carbonate cooking. In contrast, when sodium carbonate was used as a cooling agent, the bast fiber was only partially defibered. Thus, sodium carbonate was a less effective cooling chemical of the bast fiber. The results of this experiment indicated that potassium carbonate could not only be used as a good cooling agent of bast fiber, but also as an alternative agent of sodium hydroxide.

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Improvements in the Physical Properties of Hanji by Using Red Algae Pulp

  • Seo, Yung-Bum;Kim, Young-Wook;Lee, Min-Woo;Jung, Sun-Young
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.41 no.5
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    • pp.33-37
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    • 2009
  • Hanji is a traditional Korean handmade paper, made of bast fibers of the paper mulberry. Its fiber furnish is much more expensive than wood fiber furnish. Hanji with a low basis weight requires additional opacity and smoothness for better writing and printing. Filler such as calcium carbonate can not be used to raise the opacity of Hanji because of its low retention in low basis weight paper and the high freeness of the Hanji fiber furnish. Addition of red algae pulp, which is prepared from marine red algae to the Hanji fiber furnish negated retention problems happening in the case of mineral filler addition, and produced a substantial improvement in the opacity and smoothness of Hanji. The higher retention was due to the much larger size of the red algae fibers compared to the mineral fillers. The improvement in opacity and smoothness were also due to the shape of the red algae fibers: that red algae fibers are narrower in widths and shorter in lengths than wood fibers results in increased surface area and smoothness.

Internet Mobile Information Retrieval System and its Traffic Analysis

  • Tomoyuki-Gotoh;Yasufumi-Ohsone;Tsuyoshi-Saitoh;Murakami, Shin-ichi;Masaharu-Fujinaka;Syugo-Inoue
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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    • 1996.06b
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    • pp.107-114
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    • 1996
  • This paper describes an information retrieval system which offers real time information about mobile vehicles through the Internet. In order to evaluate the efficiency of solar batteries and feasibility of electric vehicles, four crews of Tokyo Denki University made a round trip through the North American Continent by their handmade solar electric vehicles last summer. In accordance with this project, an information retrieval system which offers the daily drive information through the Internet to the public was constructed. The system configuration and operating results of this system are reported.

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