• 제목/요약/키워드: hand-held

검색결과 456건 처리시간 0.022초

Influence of the Vibration Exposure on Shoulder and Back Extensor Muscles Activity During Forward-head and Over-head Task

  • Cheon-jun Park;Duk-hyun An;Jae-seop Oh;Won-gyu Yoo
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.23-31
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    • 2023
  • Background: Several factors contribute to shoulder pain, including abnormal neck posture, repeated use of the upper limbs, work involving raising the upper limbs above the head, and the effects of vibration. However, previous study has reported that constant vibration exposure could impact improvement of the stability on joints related with muscle recruitment and activation. For this difference reason, we need to verify for the complex study of relationship with repetitive upper limb movements, poor head posture, and constant vibration exposure. Objects: Our study was made to investigate the influence of vibration exposure on the shoulder muscle activity during forward-head and over-head tasks with isometric shoulder flexion. Methods: In a total of 22 healthy subjects, surface electromyography (EMG) data were collected from shoulder muscles (upper/lower trapezius, serratus anterior, and lumbar erector spinae) on tasks (neutral-head task [NHT], forward-head task [FHT], and over-head task [OHT]) with and without vibration exposure. Results: In all tasks, the EMG data of the upper trapezius and serratus anterior significantly increased with vibration exposure (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the EMG data of the lumbar erector spinae significantly increased with vibration exposure in the NHT and FHT (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We suggest that continuous vibration exposure during the use of hand-held tools in the tasks could be associated with harmful effects in the workplace. Lastly, we clinically need to examine the guidelines regarding the optimal posture and vibration exposure.

The Effects of Utilizing a Videoconferencing System for International Discussions on Global Issues at a Japanese High School

  • NAGATA, Shigefumi;HIRAKAWA, Yukiko;IWAMOTO, Mitsuhiko;MORI, Hajime;KOUHATA, Masahiro
    • Educational Technology International
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.45-68
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    • 2006
  • Living in the Information Age, schools and teachers are expected to utilize new information technology in education to make teaching more effective. In Japan, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) has been strongly implementing policies to promote information education (IE) in schools since 1988. According to a survey in 2005 (Japan MEXT, 2005), 100% of high schools in Japan at present have computers and the Internet connections. However, videoconferencing systems have only been introduced only in a small number of schools. This paper is the result of a pilot research to see the effects of using a videoconferencing system in a Japanese high school. The purpose of the research was to clarify the effects of introducing videoconferencing system in a Japanese high school and of utilizing it for conferences with other schools abroad on the studies of global issues. The target students were in the 12th Grade in the year 2006. The counterpart school was an Australian high school in Sydney and the conferences were held in English. International discussions on global warming were conducted between the Japanese and Australian students. Affective competence and cognitive competence were measured using questionnaires and worksheets given to students both before and after the videoconferences. The results showed that both cognitive and affective competences rose after each videoconference. Not only the students who actively participated in the conference but also those who were in the audience showed positive effects. In the field of international cooperation on global issues, especially, the effects were large. These results suggest that in order to teach global issues in which international effort and cooperation are needed, direct contacts with foreign students are effective in increasing student cognitive and affective competences. On the other hand, as English was the main communication tool in the conferences, Japanese students faced a certain difficulty in communication. Also, teachers, especially English teachers, were required to make great efforts to assist students in preparing for the conferences. The effectiveness of an international videoconference depends largely on students' English skills and teachers' efforts.

The Journalism Crisis in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

  • Dudi Iskandar;Deddy Mulyana;Sitti Murni Kaddi
    • Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2023
  • The focus of this research is the practice of journalism in relation to the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship (JFPP) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Journalists and curators who are participants in the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship received fundings from the state. The Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship is a unique model because it is the only one in the world in journalism practice that involves state's financial assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic. These fundings from the state for the media lead to dilemmas and controversies. This research uses a qualitative approach and a single holistic case study method. The Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship was held from May to December 2021, involving 7,276 journalists from 857 media (print, television, radio, and online media) and 26 curators. This study found that during the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship, journalism experienced a crisis and lost its function as a control overpower. Giving cash to journalists and curators during the fellowship makes journalism lose its independence and objectivity. The Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship has degraded or eliminated the function of the press as a watchdog. Incentives for journalists while participating in the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship is a long-term investment by the government to co-opt Indonesian media and journalists in the future. On the other hand, the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship raises another aspect; the crisis of journalism. Journalism work produced in the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship does not reflect the values and principles of journalism. Journalism values, such as independence and impartiality, are absent from the Behavioural Change Journalism Fellowship product.

Automated Breast Ultrasound System for Breast Cancer Evaluation: Diagnostic Performance of the Two-View Scan Technique in Women with Small Breasts

  • Bo Ra Kwon;Jung Min Chang;Soo Yeon Kim;Su Hyun Lee;Soo-Yeon Kim;So Min Lee;Nariya Cho;Woo Kyung Moon
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2020
  • Objective: To comparatively evaluate the scan coverage and diagnostic performance of the two-view scan technique (2-VST) of the automated breast ultrasound system (ABUS) versus the conventional three-view scan technique (3-VST) in women with small breasts. Materials and Methods: Between March 2016 and May 2017, 136 asymptomatic women with small breasts (bra cup size A) suitable for 2-VST were enrolled. Subsequently, 272 breasts were subjected to bilateral whole-breast ultrasound examinations using ABUS and the hand-held ultrasound system (HHUS). During ABUS image acquisition, one breast was scanned with 2-VST, while the other breast was scanned with 3-VST. In each breast, the breast coverage and visibility of the HHUS detected lesions on ABUS were assessed. The sensitivity and specificity of ABUS were compared between 2-VST and 3-VST. Results: Among 136 breasts, eight cases of breast cancer were detected by 2-VST, and 10 cases of breast cancer were detected by 3-VST. The breast coverage was satisfactory in 94.1% and 91.9% of cases under 2-VST and 3-VST, respectively (p = 0.318). All HHUS-detected lesions were visible on the ABUS images regardless of the scan technique. The sensitivities and specificities were similar between 2-VST and 3-VST (100% [8/8] vs. 100% [10/10], and 97.7% [125/128] vs. 95.2% [120/126], respectively), with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: 2-VST of ABUS achieved comparable scan coverage and diagnostic performance to that of conventional 3-VST in women with small breasts.

만성 뇌졸중 환자의 종아리 근육에 적용한 편심성 훈련이 근긴장도와 근력 및 보행에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Eccentric Training Applied to Calf Muscles on Muscle Tone, Muscle Strength and Gait of Patients with Chronic Stroke)

  • 배지현;우영근;김용욱;박규남
    • PNF and Movement
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.113-128
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of eccentric training applied to the calf muscles on muscle tone, muscle strength, and gait variables in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Twenty-two participants were divided into experimental (n=12; eccentric training) and control (n=10; static stretching and stretching board) groups. The participants completed 30-minute physical therapy sessions five times a week for three weeks. Calf muscle tone, muscle strength, and gait variables were measured using MyotonPRO, a hand-held dynamometer, and Optogait, respectively, before and after each intervention. Results: Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated a significant interaction effect between measurement points and groups in frequency, stiffness, and decrement of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles (p<.05). Paired t-tests showed that the experimental group exhibited significantly decreased frequency and stiffness scores for the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles (p<.05), as well as significantly increased decrement and muscle strength scores, gait speed, step length, and stride length (p<.05). Conclusion: The application of eccentric training to the calf effectively reduced muscle tone, increased muscle strength, and improved the gait speed, step length, and stride length of patients with chronic stroke.

의성 사촌리 가로숲의 현황 및 천연기념물 명칭에 관한 고찰 (Current State of the Roadside Forest in Sachon-ri, Uiseong and the Perspectives on the Name of the Natural Monuments)

  • 최재웅;김동엽;김미희;강방훈;정명철;조록환;김상범
    • 한국전통조경학회지
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.52-60
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    • 2011
  • 전통마을숲인 당산숲 비보숲은 우리나라를 대표하는 문화경관(cultural landscape)으로서, 수백 여년 전 마을주민들에 의해 조성된 후, 현재까지 주민들에 의해 보전 관리되고 있는 국가적 문화자산이다. 천연기념물 제405호(명칭: 의성 사촌리 가로숲(義城 沙村里 街路숲))로 지정되어 있는 경북 의성군 사촌리 전통마을숲은 당산숲으로서, 사촌리 입향조에 의해 600여년 전 조성된 유서 깊은 숲으로 알려져 있다. 숲에서 지내던 당산제는 1700년대에 기령산 자락의 당집으로 옮겨 지내게 되었고, 현재도 이 당집에서 지낸다. 숲 안에서 지내던 당산제가 숲 밖으로 바뀌어졌다고하여, 당산숲으로서의 성격, 위상이 상실된 것은 아니라고 파악된다. 그러나, 현재 이 숲은 당산숲으로서 이해되지 않고 있으며, 가로숲이라는 이름으로 비보숲으로서만 소개되고 있다. 문화유산이 가치를 인정받기 위해서는 진정성을 갖추고 있어야 한다. 문화유산의 크기와 특색의 관계를 바꾸는 새로운 축조, 파괴 또는 변형은 허용되어서는 안된다. 뿐만 아니라 거기에 부여된 의미, 가치가 변형되지 않아야 한다. '의성 사촌리 가로숲'은 약 $920{\times}90m$ 규모로서, 건개천인 하천변 양쪽에 갈참나무, 상수리나무, 회화나무 위주의 낙엽활엽수림으로 이루어져 있었다. 특히 학자수(學者樹)로 알려진 회화나무 거목을 통해 이 숲의 역사, 유래가 유교문화(儒敎文化)와도 깊은 관련이 있는 것으로 보인다. 사촌리 당산숲은 하천변 수변림(水邊林, riparian buffer)으로서 현재의 명칭인 가로숲과는 상관이 없는 것으로 보인다. 현재의 명칭인 '의성 사촌리 가로숲'은 '의성 사촌리 당산숲'으로 변경할 필요가 있다. 이곳은 현재 가로숲으로 소개되고 있으나, 당산숲으로서 올바로 명명되어 전통문화 유산으로서의 위상과 가치가 보전되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

지뢰탐지를 위한 GPR 시스템의 개발 (GPR Development for Landmine Detection)

  • Sato, Motoyuki;Fujiwara, Jun;Feng, Xuan;Zhou, Zheng-Shu;Kobayashi, Takao
    • 지구물리와물리탐사
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.270-279
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    • 2005
  • 일본 문부과학성의 연구 지원하에 지뢰 탐지를 위한 GPR 시스템 개발에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 2005 년도까지 두 종류의 새로운 지뢰탈지 GPR 시스템 원형의 개발을 완성하였으며 이를 ALIS (Advanced Landmine Imaging System)와 SAR-GPR (Synthetic Aperture Radar-Ground Penetrating Radar)이라고 명명하였다. ALIS는 금속탐지기와 GPR을 결합한 새로운 형태의 휴대용 지뢰탐지 시스템이다. 센서의 위치를 실시간으로 추적하는 시스템을 장착하여 센서에 감지된 신호를 실시간으로 영상화할 수 있도록 하였으며, 센서 위치의 추적은 센서의 손잡이에 장착한 CCD 카메라만을 이용하여 가능하도록 고안하였다. 그리고 GPR과 금속탐지기 신호를 CCD 카메라에 포착된 영상에 중첩하여 동시에 영상화하도록 설계하였기 때문에 매설된 탐지 목적물을 용이하게 그리고 신뢰할 만한 수준으로 탐지하고 구별할 수 있다. 2004년 12월에 아프가니스탄에서 ALIS의 현장 검증 실험을 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 이 연구에서 개발한 시스템을 이용하여 매설된 대인지뢰를 탐지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 대인지뢰와 금속 파편의 구분 또한 가능함을 보였다. SAR-GPR은 이동 로보트에 장착한 지뢰탐지 시스템으로 GPR과 금속탐지기 센서로 구성된다. 다수의 송, 수신 안테나로 구성된 안테나 배열을 채택하여 개선된 신호처리 기법의 적용을 가능하며, 이를 통해 좀 더 나은 지하 영상의 획득이 가능하다. SAR-GPR에 합성개구 레이다 알고리듬을 채용함으로써 원하지 않는 클러터(clutter)신호를 억제하고 불균질도가 높은 매질 내부에 매설된 목적물을 영상화할 수 있다. SAR-GPR은 새로이 개발한 휴대용 벡터 네트워크 분석기를 이용한 스텝 주파수 레이다 시스템(stepped frequency radar system)으로 6 개의 Vivaldi 안테나와 3 개의 벡터 네트워크 분석기로 구성된다. SAR-GPR의 크기는 $30cm{\times}30cm{\times}30cm$, 중량은 17 kg 정도이며 소형 무인 차량의 로보트 팔에 장착된다. 이 시스템의 현장 적용 실험은 2005 년 3 월 일본에서 성공적으로 실시된 바 있다.

Wearable Computers

  • Cho, Gil-Soo;Barfield, Woodrow;Baird, Kevin
    • 섬유기술과 산업
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.490-508
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    • 1998
  • One of the latest fields of research in the area of output devices is tactual display devices [13,31]. These tactual or haptic devices allow the user to receive haptic feedback output from a variety of sources. This allows the user to actually feel virtual objects and manipulate them by touch. This is an emerging technology and will be instrumental in enhancing the realism of wearable augmented environments for certain applications. Tactual displays have previously been used for scientific visualization in virtual environments by chemists and engineers to improve perception and understanding of force fields and of world models populated with the impenetrable. In addition to tactual displays, the use of wearable audio displays that allow sound to be spatialized are being developed. With wearable computers, designers will soon be able to pair spatialized sound to virtual representations of objects when appropriate to make the wearable computer experience even more realistic to the user. Furthermore, as the number and complexity of wearable computing applications continues to grow, there will be increasing needs for systems that are faster, lighter, and have higher resolution displays. Better networking technology will also need to be developed to allow all users of wearable computers to have high bandwidth connections for real time information gathering and collaboration. In addition to the technology advances that make users need to wear computers in everyday life, there is also the desire to have users want to wear their computers. In order to do this, wearable computing needs to be unobtrusive and socially acceptable. By making wearables smaller and lighter, or actually embedding them in clothing, users can conceal them easily and wear them comfortably. The military is currently working on the development of the Personal Information Carrier (PIC) or digital dog tag. The PIC is a small electronic storage device containing medical information about the wearer. While old military dog tags contained only 5 lines of information, the digital tags may contain volumes of multi-media information including medical history, X-rays, and cardiograms. Using hand held devices in the field, medics would be able to call this information up in real time for better treatment. A fully functional transmittable device is still years off, but this technology once developed in the military, could be adapted tp civilian users and provide ant information, medical or otherwise, in a portable, not obstructive, and fashionable way. Another future device that could increase safety and well being of its users is the nose on-a-chip developed by the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee. This tiny digital silicon chip about the size of a dime, is capable of 'smelling' natural gas leaks in stoves, heaters, and other appliances. It can also detect dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. This device can also be configured to notify the fire department when a leak is detected. This nose chip should be commercially available within 2 years, and is inexpensive, requires low power, and is very sensitive. Along with gas detection capabilities, this device may someday also be configured to detect smoke and other harmful gases. By embedding this chip into workers uniforms, name tags, etc., this could be a lifesaving computational accessory. In addition to the future safety technology soon to be available as accessories are devices that are for entertainment and security. The LCI computer group is developing a Smartpen, that electronically verifies a user's signature. With the increase in credit card use and the rise in forgeries, is the need for commercial industries to constantly verify signatures. This Smartpen writes like a normal pen but uses sensors to detect the motion of the pen as the user signs their name to authenticate the signature. This computational accessory should be available in 1999, and would bring increased peace of mind to consumers and vendors alike. In the entertainment domain, Panasonic is creating the first portable hand-held DVD player. This device weight less than 3 pounds and has a screen about 6' across. The color LCD has the same 16:9 aspect ratio of a cinema screen and supports a high resolution of 280,000 pixels and stereo sound. The player can play standard DVD movies and has a hour battery life for mobile use. To summarize, in this paper we presented concepts related to the design and use of wearable computers with extensions to smart spaces. For some time, researchers in telerobotics have used computer graphics to enhance remote scenes. Recent advances in augmented reality displays make it possible to enhance the user's local environment with 'information'. As shown in this paper, there are many application areas for this technology such as medicine, manufacturing, training, and recreation. Wearable computers allow a much closer association of information with the user. By embedding sensors in the wearable to allow it to see what the user sees, hear what the user hears, sense the user's physical state, and analyze what the user is typing, an intelligent agent may be able to analyze what the user is doing and try to predict the resources he will need next or in the near future. Using this information, the agent may download files, reserve communications bandwidth, post reminders, or automatically send updates to colleagues to help facilitate the user's daily interactions. This intelligent wearable computer would be able to act as a personal assistant, who is always around, knows the user's personal preferences and tastes, and tries to streamline interactions with the rest of the world.

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직접수복용 레진과 기공용 레진으로 제작한 레진 인레이를 투과한 광중합기의 광강도 (Power density of light curing units through resin inlays fabricated with direct and indirect composites)

  • 장훈상;임영준;김정미;홍성옥
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • 제35권5호
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    • pp.353-358
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    • 2010
  • 연구목적: 본 연구는 직접수복용 레진 (Filtek Z350, Supreme XT)과 기공용 레진 (Sinfony)으로 제작한 레진 인레이를 투과하는 광중합기의 광강도를 측정하고 레진 인레이를 구성하는 색조에 따라 투과되는 광강도를 측정하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: A3 색조의 레진 인레이를 Z350 A3 한 가지 색조로 제작한 것과 Supreme XT A3B와 A3E 두 가지 색조로 제작한 것을 이용하였으며 Sinfony는 제조사의 지시에 따라 A3, E3, T1 세 가지 색조로 제작하였고 두께는 1.5 mm로 통일하였다. 할로겐 광중합기 (Optilux 360)와 LED 광중합기 (Elipar S10)를 이용하여 레진 인레이를 투과하는 광강도를 휴대용 광강도 측정기 (Cure Rite)로 측정하였다. 각 레진의 색조가 광강도의 투과에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 0.5mm 두께로 레진 시편을 제작하여 광강도를 측정하였다. 결과: Z350 A3로 제작한 레진 인레이를 투과한 광강도가 가장 낮았으며, 다음으로 Supreme XT A3B와 A3E로 제작한 레진 인레이, 그리고 Sinfony A3, E3, T1으로 제작한 레진 인레이 순으로 광강도가 유의하게 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 0.5mm의 레진 시편을 투과한 광강도를 측정한 결과 dentin shade인 Sinfony A3, Z350 A3, Supreme XT A3B가 가장 낮았으며, enamel shade인 Supreme XT A3E, Sinfony E3, 그리고 translucent shade인 Sinfony T1 순으로 유의하게 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 결론: 레진 인레이를 제작할 경우 단색의 직접 수복용 레진을 사용하기 보다는 기공용 레진의 dentin shade, enamel shade, translucent shade를 모두 사용하는 것이 레진 인레이 하방으로 더 많은 중합광을 투과시킬 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

상호작용식 메트로놈(Interactive Metronome) 훈련이 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 자세조절과 글씨쓰기 수행에 미치는 영향: 단일사례연구 (Effect of Interactive Metronome Training on Postural Control and Hand Writing Performance of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Single Subject Research)

  • 박민경;김희
    • 대한감각통합치료학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.14-24
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    • 2018
  • 목적 : 본 연구는 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) 아동에게 시행한 상호작용식 메트로놈(Interactive Metronome; IM) 중재가 자세조절과 글씨쓰기에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 ADHD로 진단받은 초등학교 3학년 아동 1명을 대상으로 시행하였다. 개별실험 연구방법 중에서 ABA 설계를 사용하였고, 총 30회기로 매주 3회기 씩 총 10주 진행하였다. 기초선과 재기초선 기간에는 글씨쓰기 과제의 측정만 실시하였고, 중재기 동안에 IM 훈련을 40~50분간 실시하고 난 후에 글씨쓰기의 명료도와 속도를 평가하였다. 기초선을 시작하기 전과 재기초선이 끝나고 한 달 이내에 Clinical Observation of Motor and Postural Skills(COMPS)를 실시하여 자세조절의 변화를 알아보았다. 결과 : IM 중재를 시행한 후 대상자의 자세조절 변화는 하위항목 중 슬로모션, 손가락-코 운동, 비대칭 경반사의 점수가 향상되었고, 글씨쓰기 명료도와 속도는 중재 기간 동안 상승하는 경향을 보였으나 유의하게 변화되지 않았다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 ADHD 아동을 대상으로 한 IM 훈련의 중재가 자세조절과 글씨쓰기 수행능력을 향상시키는데 긍정적인 효과를 확인할 수 있었고, 향후 연구에 새로운 방향에 접근할 수 있는 기회를 제공하였다는 근거로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.