• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2010

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently the most common agent of congenital infection and the leading infectious cause of brain damage and hearing loss in children. Symptomatic congenital CMV infections usually result from maternal primary infection during early pregnancy. One half of symptomatic infants have cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID), which is characterized by involvement of multiple organs, in particular, the reticuloendothelial and central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, such involvement may or may not include ocular and auditory damage. Approximately 90% of infants with congenital infection are asymptomatic at birth. Preterm infants with perinatal CMV infection can have symptomatic diseases such as pneumonia, hepatitis, and thrombocytopenia. Microcephaly and abnormal neuroradiologic imaging are associated with a poor prognosis. Hearing loss may occur in both symptomatic and asymptomatic infants with congenital infection and may progress through childhood. Congenital infection is defined by the isolation of CMV from infants within the first 3 weeks of life. Ganciclovir therapy can be considered for infants with symptomatic congenital CMV infection involving the CNS. Pregnant women of seronegative state should be counseled on the importance of good hand washing and other control measures to prevent CMV infection. Heat treatment of infected breast milk at $72{^{\circ}C}$ for 5 seconds can eliminate CMV completely.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.229-243
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• 1997

Especially in NICU(Neonatal Intensive Care Unit), handwashing is an important factor in decresing nosocomial infections due to reduced immunity, prematurity and various invasive procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the basic characteristics related to handwashing by NICU nurses. It was composed of three parts ; questionnaire survey I (genoral characteristics of handwashing), questionnaire survey II(the awareness degree of handwashing importance) and actual performance. This study was performed from Oct. 8 to 14 in 1994. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. Frequency of handwashing were different by shift of working about 47.1% of the respondents. They were washing most frequently during day-shift about 75% of above. According to self evaluation to handwashing frequency, 64.7% of the respondents said their frequency of handwashing was inadequate, because of being too busy.(45.1%), bothering caused by detergent or disinfectant(17.6%), and too far from handwashing facilities(17.6%). 2. The most common handwashing agent was soap(88.2%), 52.9% of the subjects experienced adverse effects after handwashing ; rough hand(44.5%), dryness(33.3%) All subjects washed their hands with running water, and 70.6% of the subjects washed upto wrist. In duration of handwashing, 52.9% of subjects washed hands 5 to 10 seconds, 29.5% of them did 11 to 15 seconds. 3. 29.4% among subjects had participated to take in the handwashing educational program. About 60% responded they would like to take the course of handwashing if possible. 4. The important nursing activities that need handwashing were chaning of caring ostomy, suctioning, chaning IV dressing site. On the other hand, they responded handwashing was not essential before dealing with omitus, before and after transfering machine, before chaning diaper(stool) 5. Handwashing performance was 61.7%. Among seven nursing activities, suctioning(73.4%) was the highest, the next was dealing with discharge or sampling(71.1%), the lowest was bathing(34.6%). The performance was better after(70.2%) nursing activities that before(52.5%), and day(63.6%) or evening(68.3%) shift than night(56.7%)

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2005

트럭믹서 및 배쳐 플랜트 세척으로 발생되는 회수수를 안정화시켜 재이용하는 것은 콘크리트의 품질 불안정을 해소하고 강도 향상의 효과를 기대할 수 있기 때문에 이의 활용방안에 대한 적극적인 검토가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 레미콘 생산 조건에서 사용 가능한 안정화제의 종류를 도출하고자 이를 사용한 회수수 중의 고형분 성상에 대하여 실험?고찰하였다. 실험결과, 회수수 전용 안정화제인 옥시칼본산계 지연제의 고형분량 감소가 상대적으로 우세하였다. 다만, 잉여 반응량에 의해 시멘트 페이스트의 응결지연이 관찰되었으나 레미콘 적용상 저해되는 수준은 아니었다. 안정화제를 혼입한 회수수를 방치함에 따른 영향에서는 초기의 응결지연 효과가 7${\~}$8일 정도에서 상수도수만을 사용한 수준으로 회복됨을 알 수 있었으며, 2${\~}$3일 정도에 안정화 회수수를 사용하는 것이 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 국내산 당류계 초지연제 역시 유사한 효과를 보여 적용성이 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 시판되는 회수수 안정화제는 수입에 의존하고 있으므로 사회비용의 절감을 위해 안정화제의 국산화가 시급하며 가능한 안정화제의 다각적인 사용성 검토가 긴요하다 할 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.412-417
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• 2009

실크 생사의 세리신 정착을 보다 효과적으로 하기위해 멜라민과 포르말린의 혼합액에 각종 첨가제를 첨가했을 때 첨가제가 세리신 정착에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 멜라민과 포르말린의 혼합액으로 세리신을 정착할 때 수분침투 기능이 있는 계면활성제로 전처리라고 수세하지 않은 경우 견고한 정착이 이루어졌고, 정착액에 과산화수소를 첨가한 경우 정착 효과가 크게 떨어지면서 단사 간에 접착하는 문제가 발생했고, 하이드로를 첨가하여 $60^{\circ}C$에서 정착하는 경우에는 표백과 동시에 세리신 정착이 가능함을 확인했다. 낮은 농도의 수산화나트륨을 첨가한 알칼리 조건에서 멜라민을 추가함으로써 매우 견고한 세리신 정착 결과를 얻었으나 염산과 메탄을 추가는 정착에 그다지 효과적이지 못했고, 염화마그네슘 추가는 오히려 세리신 정착 견고성을 크게 저하시켰다.