• Title/Summary/Keyword: halophilic bacteria

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Bioprospecting of Culturable Halophilic Bacteria Isolated from Mediterranean Solar Saltern for Extracellular Halotolerant Enzymes

  • Ahmed Mohamed Ali;Tahany M.A. Abdel-Rahman;Mohamed G. Farahat
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.76-87
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    • 2024
  • Halophilic bacteria are promising reservoirs for halotolerant enzymes that have gained much attention in biotechnological applications due to their remarkable activity and stability. In this study, 62 halophilic bacterial strains isolated from a solar saltern were screened for the production of various extracellular enzymes. The results revealed that 31 strains (50%) were positive for amylase production while 26 strains (41.9%) were positive for protease. Further, 22 strains (35.48%) exhibited β-glucosidase activity and only 17 (27.41%) demonstrated lipase activity. Of the investigated halophiles, ten strains growing in the presence of ≥15% NaCl (w/v) were selected and identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences as Halomonas meridiana, Salinivibrio costicola, Virgibacillus oceani, Virgibacillus marismortui, Marinobacter lipolyticus, Halobacillus karajensis, Salicola salis, Pseudoalteromonas shioyasakiensis, Salinicoccus amylolyticus, and Paracoccus salipaludis. Therefore, the present study highlights the diversity of the culturable halophilic bacteria in a Mediterranean solar saltern, harboring various valuable halotolerant enzymes.

Characterization of the Microbial Diversity in a Korean Solar Saltern by 16S rRNA Gene Analysis

  • Park, Soo-Je;Kang, Cheol-Hee;Rhee, Sung-Keun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.16 no.10
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    • pp.1640-1645
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    • 2006
  • We studied the diversity of the halophilic archaea and bacteria in crystallizer ponds of a Korean solar saltern by analyzing 16S rRNA gene libraries. Although diverse halophilic archaeal lineages were detected, the majority (56%) were affiliated with the uncultured and cultured Halorubrum group. Halophilic archaea that have been frequently observed in solar saltern environments previously, such as Halogeometricum, Halococcus, Haloarcula, and Haloferax, were not detected in our samples. The majority of clones (53%) belonged to the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides and ${\alpha}-,\;{\gamma}-,\;and\;{\delta}-Proteobacteria$ groups, with 47% of the clones being affiliated with ${\gamma}-Proteobacteria$. We also identified new ${\delta}-Proteobacteria$-related bacteria that have not been observed in hypersaline environments previously. Our data show that the diversity of the halophilic archaea and bacteria in our Korean saltern differs from that of solar salterns found in other geographic locations. We also showed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis that bacteria can form a significant component of the microbial community in solar salterns.

The Stability of Carotenoids Extracted from Halophilic Bacteria (호염세균으로부터 추출한 카로테노이드 색소의 안정성)

  • 정영기;최병대
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.1405-1407
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    • 1999
  • A carotenoid pigment, which was a determinant for food quality, was extracted from a marine halophilic bacteria. The stability of the pigment extract was investigated for a food additive. The optimum temperature for stability was 20oC. The pigment degradation was significantly affected by solvent polarity, however, stable in salvent methanol and ethanol. The pigment degradation was highly sensitive to light and UV exposure.

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Diversity of Pigment-Producing Halophilic Bacteria Isolated from Coastal Seawater and Solar Saltern in Korea (한국 근해와 염전에서 분리한 색소 생성 호염성 세균의 다양성)

  • Yong Hae-Young;Park Jin-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.302-306
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    • 2004
  • A total of forty strains of pigment-producing halophilic bacteria were isolated from the solar saltern and coastal seawater in Korea. The diversity of those bacteria were determined on the basis of PCR-RFLP and 16S rDNA sequences. The isolated strains were clssified into nine genera: Pseudoalteromonas, Photobacterium, Vibrio, Halobacillus, Bacillus, Paracoccus, Salinicoccus, Tenacilbaculum, and Flavobacterium. While more than $80\%$ of the pigment-producing halophilic bacteria isolated from the coastal seawater were classified as gram-negative Pseudolateromonas, most of the strains isolated from the solar saltern were classified into gram-positive Halo­bacillus. The other strain was KK7, which may be identified as novel species belonging to the genus, Salini­coccus.

Identification and Salt Requirement of Halophilic Bacteria isolated from Korean Salt-Fermented Sen Foods. (한국 염장 발효식품으로부터 분리한 호염성 세균의 분리ㆍ동정 및 염요구성)

  • Bae, Moo;Song, Kyoung-Sook
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.301-305
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    • 1987
  • Moderate halophilic bacteria isolated from several kinds of salted and fermented sea foods (jeotkal) collected from commercial market were identified and investigated on their selt requirements. It was confirmed that the isolates were dominantly moderate halophiles according to their NaCl requirement to grow. And their salt requirements in their growth have been examined for Na, K, Ni and mg ions. Among them, the most dominant and distinctive three strains in protease pro-duction have been examined and two of them identified to be halophilic Flavobacterium sp., and the other one to be halophilic Pseudomonas sp..1'heir optimum growth was observed at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and at 10 percent of NaCl.

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Relationship between Chemical Property and Microbial Activity of Reclaimed Tidal Lands at Western Coast Area in Korea

  • Ko, Eun-Seong;Joung, Ji-An;Kim, Chang-Hwan;Lee, Su Hwan;Sa, Tongmin;Choi, Joon-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.254-261
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    • 2014
  • The scientific information between microbial activities and chemical properties of reclaimed tidal soil is not enough to apply for reclamation projects. This study was conducted to investigate the relation between chemical properties and microbial activities of reclaimed tidal lands located at western coastal area (25 samples from Nampo, Ewon, Sukmoon and Shihwa sites). Most of the reclaimed soils showed chemical characteristics as salinity soil except Nampo site. The major component influenced the salinity of reclaimed soil was identified as a sodium from the relationship between EC and exchangeable cation. With an increase in EC of soil, the population of mesophilic bacteria decreases whereas halotolerant and halophilic bacteria increases. The population of mesophilic bacteria increased with an increase in both organic matter and dehydrogenase activity. However, the population of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria decreased with an increase in organic matter. Based on the relation between chemical property and microbial activity of reclaimed tidal soil, electrical conductivity and organic matter as chemical properties of soil, population of mesophilic bacteria, halotolerant and halophilic bacteria and dehydrogenase activity as microbial activities could be the major parameters for reclamation process.

Diversity of Halophilic Archaea in Fermented Foods and Human Intestines and Their Application

  • Lee, Han-Seung
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.23 no.12
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    • pp.1645-1653
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    • 2013
  • Archaea are prokaryotic organisms distinct from bacteria in the structural and molecular biological sense, and these microorganisms are known to thrive mostly at extreme environments. In particular, most studies on halophilic archaea have been focused on environmental and ecological researches. However, new species of halophilic archaea are being isolated and identified from high salt-fermented foods consumed by humans, and it has been found that various types of halophilic archaea exist in food products by culture-independent molecular biological methods. In addition, even if the numbers are not quite high, DNAs of various halophilic archaea are being detected in human intestines and much interest is given to their possible roles. This review aims to summarize the types and characteristics of halophilic archaea reported to be present in foods and human intestines and to discuss their application as well.

Phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities in a gray solar saltern and isolation of extremely halophilic bacteria using culturomics (토판염전 결정지 내 세균군집의 계통학적 다양성 및 Culturomics법을 이용한 고도 호염균의 분리)

  • Cho, Geon-Yeong;Han, Song-Ih;Whang, Kyung-Sook
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.29-38
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    • 2017
  • In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial community and isolation of extremely halophilic bacteria using culturomics in a gray solar saltern. The number of bacterial living cells, enumerated in a gray solar saltern by direct fluorescence microscopy was three to four orders of magnitude greater than those enumerated by plate counts, suggesting the distribution of 'viable but non-culturable bacteria'. The biodiversity of bacterial communities in a gray solar saltern was investigated by pyrosequencing, 1,778 OTUs of bacteria were comprised of 18 phyla 46 classes 85 orders 140 families 243 genera with 6.16 diversity index. Archaea communities were composed of 3 phyla 6 classes 7 orders 7 families 38 genera with 4.95 diversity index from 643 OTUs. Totally 137 isolates were isolated by 59 different cultural methods based on culturomics considering culture media and conditions suitable for the growth of extremely halophilic bacteria. Phylogenetic analyses of extremely halophilic isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, extremely halophilic isolates were composed of 4 phyla and 11 genera. Haloterrigena and Haloferax can be successfully isolated from culturomics. These culturomics were effective methods for collection of diversity of extremely halophilic bacteria.

Microbial Differentiation on Chemical Properties of Paddy Soils in Reclaimed Tidal Lands at Western-coast Area of Korea

  • Park, Mi-Na;Yang, Kwang-Min;Ryu, Jin-Hee;Sa, Tongmin;Choi, Joon-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.381-387
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    • 2016
  • The scientific information on the microbial differentiation according to the changes in chemical properties of paddy soil in reclaimed tidal lands is not enough to understand the reclamation processes. The changes in microflora based on the chemical properties of paddy soils at the same sites of reclaimed tidal lands (21 samples from Nampo, Ewon, Sukmoon and Shihwa sites) were investigated in 2013 and 2015. In general, organic matter in paddy soils increased whereas pH decreased with the reclamation time. The electrical conductivities (EC) of soil samples were closely related to the exchangeable $Na^+$. With an increases in EC of paddy soils from 0.39 to $48.9dS\;m^{-1}$, the ratios (%) of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria to mesophilic bacteria proportionally increased from 0.2% to 102,000%. The population of halotolerant and halophilic bacteria in total microflora was also differentiated with the changes in EC of the same sites from reclaimed tidal soils within 2 years. The population of mesophilic bacteria decreased with an increase in EC above $5dS\;m^{-1}$. The microflora including halotolerant and halophilic bacteria could be a candidate as a biological parameter in evaluating the reclamation processes in addition to the chemical index of EC.

Effect of Pigmentation on Rainbow Trout Fed Carotenoid Diets from Halophilic Bacteria [Haloarcular sp. EH-1] (호염세균 [Haloarcular sp. EH-1] 카로테노이드 색소를 섭이한 무지개송어의 체색효과)

  • 정영기;최병대;강석중;김철우;김해윤;정명주
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.658-663
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    • 2000
  • This study is aimed at evaluating the pigmentation of rainbow trout with carotenoid extracts from halophilic bacteria during 8 weeks feeding. Proximate composition of the sample were analyzed. Moisture content was 77% and 73% after 4 and 8 weeks feeding, respectively. Crude protein and lipid content was slowly increased after 8 weeks feeding. But minerals content were not affected with the feeding period and constituents. Muscle carotenoids content of rainbow trout was 0.0223 mg/100g tissue in control group after 4 weeks, and 0.1702 mg/100g tissue in carophyll pink group after 8 weeks. The carotenoids pigmentation content of halophilic bacteria extracts fed group was 0.1256, 0.1382 mg/100g tissue after 8 weeks. It means that the carotenoids of bacteria extracts are a good material for fish pigmentation. The main components of rainbow trout muscle and integuments with these diets were canthaxathin,, zeaxanthin, and ${\beta}$-carotene.

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