• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2015

식도암은 병변의 길이가 길고 깊이의 불균질성으로 인하여 방사선의 균일한 선량분포를 얻기 어렵다. 이러한 문제점을 개선해 보고자 Half beam 법을 이용하여 선량분포의 균질성을 극복해 보고자 환자의 영상을 바탕으로 하여 Normal beam과 Half beam을 이용하여 각각 치료계획을 세워 표적체적포함율과 선량체적곡선, 일치성지수와 균질성지수를 상호 비교하고, 인접정상장기인 심장, 척수, 폐를 비교해 보고자 한다. 실험결과 Half beam을 이용한 치료계획이 표적체적포함율과 선량체적곡선 그리고 일치성지수와 균질성지수가 우수하였으며 정상조직 보호측면에서도 미미하지만 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 정확한 환자자세가 확보되지 않으면 부작용이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서, 기하학적으로 정확한 환자의 위치잡이를 수반한 Half beam의 적용은 선량적으로 유용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.613-625
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• 2016

Contact interaction of a beam (flexible element) with an elastic half-plane is considered, when a soft inhomogeneous (functionally graded) interlayer is present between them. The beam is bent under the action of a distributed load applied to the surface and a reaction of the elastic interlayer and the half-space. Solution of the contact problem is obtained for different values of thickness and parameters of inhomogeneity of the layer. The interlayer is assumed to be significantly softer than the underlying half-plane; case of 100 times difference in Young's moduli is considered as an example. The influence of the interlayer thickness and gradient of elastic properties on the distribution of the contact stresses under the beam is studied.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2019

Background: In the calibration and testing laboratory of Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, the old X-ray generator used for the production of reference X-ray fields was replaced with a new one. For this newly installed X-ray irradiation system, beam alignment as well as the verification of beam qualities was conducted. Materials and Methods: The existing X-ray generator, Phillips MG325, was replaced with YXLON Y.TU 320-D03 in order to generate reference X-ray fields. Theoretical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine initial filter thickness. Beam alignment was performed in three steps to deliver a homogeneous radiation dosage to the target at different distances. Finally, the half-value layers were measured for different X-ray fields to verify beam qualities by using an ion chamber. Results and Discussion: Beam alignment was performed in three steps, and collimators and other components were arranged to maintain the uniformity of the mean air kerma rate within ${\pm}2.5%$ at the effective beam diameter of 28 cm. The beam quality was verified by using half-value layer measurement methods specified by American National Standard Institute (ANSI) N13.11-2009 and International Organization for Standardization (ISO)-4037. For each of the nine beams than can be generated by the new X-ray irradiation system, air kerma rates for X-ray fields of different beam qualifies were measured. The results showed that each air kerma rate and homogeneity coefficient of the first and second half-value layers were within ${\pm}5%$ of the recommended values in the standard documents. Conclusion: The results showed that the new X-ray irradiation system provides beam qualities that are as high as moderate beam qualities offered by National Institute of Standards and Technology in ANSI N13.11-2009 and those for narrow-spectrum series of ISO-4037.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.978-981
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• 2005

The vibration analysis of damped sandwich beam is conducted using finite element method. The equation of motion presented by Mead and Markus is used to formulate FEM. Also as the thickness of the core in the damped sandwich beam goes to zero, conventional beam theory based on the transformed-section method and the equation of Mead and Markus are compared. According to the change of thickness and loss factor of the core, the forced frequency response of beam is calculated and discussed. And then using the half-power band width method, the damping ratio of each mode is calculated and discussed about each case.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1994년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.73-80
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• 1994

This paper is to study the mechanical behavor and structural safety of the wire-mesh half slab by an analytical method. Layer model was adopted by modelling the wire-mesh half slab as a flexural member composed of free cantilever beam and vertical supports (walls or beams). Reasonable results for the prediction of ultimate strength of the half stab at each loading direction and design recommendations for the reinforcement detail at wall(beam)-slab joints are acquired. On the other hand, ductility capacity of the wire-mesh half slab was overestimated by not considering the brittleness of wire-mesh reinforcements pre-manufactured at the form of Kaiser Truss.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.541-546
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• 2016

In this paper, by using the Rayleigh-Sommer field theory and the cross-spectral density function, the analytical expression for the intensity distribution of a double half-Gaussian hollow beam in a turbulent atmosphere is obtained. The influence of the initial spot size of this beam on its propagation properties in a turbulent atmosphere is simulated, and the intensity distributions for such beams with different spot sizes are obtained. The results show that the initial spot size has an important influence on the propagation properties in the near field, while this influence in the far field is very weak.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2001

두경부 종양의 방사선치료에서 비대칭 콜리메이터를 이용한 이분조사는 두 조사면을 겹침없이 연결시켜 조사할 수 있는 효과적인 방법이고, 동일 방사선 조사면을 분리하여 X-선과 전자선을 인접시켜 조사하는 경우는 빈번히 사용되는 방법이다. 본 연구는 X-선의 이분조사면을 이용한 두 조사면의 인접면의 선량과, X-선과 전자선 조사면의 인접면에서 선량을 측정하여 임상에 적용할 수 있는 자료를 얻고자 하였다. X-선의 반쪽 조사면의 선량측정에서 하부 전방 단일 이분조사면의 선량분포는 Y축이 0 cm인 면(콜리메이터가 닫힌 면)에서 0.5 cm, 1 cm 거리에서는 각각 개방조사 선량의 93%, 95%, 전후방 이분조사의 경우 Y축이 0 cm인 면에서 0.3 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm거리에서는 각각 개방조사 선량의 92%, 95%, 98%로 선량감소를 보였다. X-선과 전자선의 조사면을 인접시켰을 때 깊이 0 cm, 0.5 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm에서의 두 조사면의 인접면에서의 선량 분포의 분석에서 X-선 조사면에서 선량 증가는 깊이 1.5 cm에서 폭 7 mm에 걸쳐 있었고 최고 6%의 증가를 보였으며 다른 측정 깊이에서는 선량증가가 허용범위 내에 있었다. 그리고 전자선 조사면쪽에서 선랑 감소는 전 측정 깊이 0.5 cm-3 cm에서 각각 폭이 1mm-12.5 mm에 걸쳐 4.5%- 30%의 주변부 보다 선량감소를 보였다. 본 연구에서 이분 조사면의 선량은 콜리메이터가 닫힌 면에서 감소함을 확인하였다. 그리고 X-선과 전자선을 인접시켜 조사 할 때 두 조사면의 인접면을 중심으로 X-선 조사면 쪽에서 선량증가, 전자선 조사면쪽에서 선량 감소를 보임을 확인하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2010

In a split beam echo sounder, the transducer design needs to have minimal side lobes because the angular position and level of the side lobes establishes the usable signal level and phase angle limits for determining target strength. In order to suppress effectively the generation of unwanted side lobes in the directivity pattern of split beam transducer, the spacing and size of the transducer elements need to be controlled less than half of a wavelength. With this purpose, a 50 kHz tonpilz type transducer with a half-wavelength diameter in relation to the development of a split beam transducer was designed using the equivalent circuit model, and the underwater performance characteristics were measured and analyzed. From the in-air and in-water impedance responses, the measured value of the electro-acoustic conversion efficiency for the designed transducer was 51.6%. A maximum transmitting voltage response (TVR) value of 172.25dB re $1{\mu}Pa/V$ at 1m was achieved at 52.92kHz with a specially designed matching network and the quality factor was 10.3 with the transmitting bandwidth of 5.14kHz. A maximum receiving sensitivity (SRT) of -183.57dB re $1V/{\mu}Pa$ was measured at 51.45kHz and the receiving bandwidth at -3dB was 1.71kHz. These results suggest that the designed tonpilz type transducer can be effectively used in the development of a split beam transducer for a 50kHz fish sizing echo sounder.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.521-525
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• 2023

This paper concerned with the vibration of double walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as continuum model based on Timoshenko-beam theory. The vibration solution obtained from Timoshenko-beam theory provides a better presentation of vibration structure of carbon nanotubes. The natural frequencies of double-walled CNTs against half axial wave mode are investigated. The frequency decreases on decreasing the half axial wave mode. The shape of frequency arcs is different for various lengths. It is observed that model has produced lowest results for C-F and highest for C-C. A large parametric study is performed to see the effect of half axial wave mode on frequencies of CNTs. This numerically vibration solution delivers a benchmark results for other techniques. The comparison of present model is exhibited with previous studies and good agreement is found.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.485-497
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• 2024

Ring beam is the main anchorage zone of the tendons in the nuclear power prestressed concrete containment vessel (PCCV). Its safety is crucial and has a great influence on the overall performance of PCCV. In this paper, two half-scale ring beams were tested to investigate the mechanical performance of the anchorage zone in the PCCV under multidirectional pressure. The effect of working condition with different tension sequences was investigated. Additionally, a half axisymmetric plane model of the containment was established by the finite element simulation to further predict the experimental responses and propose the local reinforcement design in the anchorage zone of the ring beam. The results showed that the ultimate load of the specimens under both working conditions was greater than the nominal ultimate tensile force. The original reinforcement design could meet the bearing capacity requirements, but there was still room for optimization. The ring beam was generally under pressure in the anchorage area, while the splitting force appeared in the under-anchor area, and the spalling force appeared in the corner area of the tooth block, which could be targeted for local strengthening design.