• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.487-500
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL). Methods: The MENQOL was translated into Korean according to algorithm of linguistic validation process. A total of 308 menopausal women were recruited and assessed using the Korean version of MENQOL (MENQOL-K), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-K). In estimating reliability, internal consistency reliability coefficients were calculated. Validity was evaluated through criterion validity and construct validity with confirmatory factor analyses using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 25.0 software. Results: In item analyses, the "increased facial hair" symptom was excluded because of the low contribution of MENQOL-K. The confirmatory factor analysis supported good fit and reliable scores for MENQOL-K model, and the four-factor structure was validated (χ²=553.28, p<.001, NC=1.84, RMSEA=.05, AGIF=.85, AIC=765.28). The MENQOL-K consists of 28 items in 4 domains, including vasomotor (3 items), psychosocial (7 items), physical (15 items), and sexual subscales (3 items). There was an acceptable criterion validity with moderately significant correlation between MENQOL-K and WHOQOL-BREF. The Cronbach's α for the 4 subsacles ranged from .80 to .93. Conclusion: The MENQOL-K is a valid and reliable scale to measure condition-specific quality of life for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. It can be used to assess the impact of menopausal symptoms on the quality of life of Korean women in clinical trials.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.67-84
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine beauty shop workers' views of job. Data were collected from the workers in Seoul, Daegu, Pohang, Junjoo, and Kimhae from June 1, 2000 to August 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 28,7% of them was female; 94.2% 'specialized in hair'; 46.4% 'below twenty nine years old'; 47.1% 'married'; 59.7% 'highschool graduate'; 33.9% 'worked for below three years'; 28.5% 'monthly income of five hundred thousand to nine hundred ninety thousand won'; 62.3% 'working for above twelve hours a day' ; 41.0% 'above five workers' ; 40.6% 'working in city'. 2. 54.8% of the respondents thought that they were in good health. 76.3% of them smoked and 54.8% drank. 62.8% of them did not exercise and 78.7% was under stress. 61.5% responded that they chose the job because of its possibility of professional vocation. 91.0% of them obtained the beauty skill from beauty schools. 3. Among the factors which influenced job satisfaction, 'stable job and life security' was highest(43.9%), while 'interest in the job and amount of pay' was lowest(3.2%). 'Personal ability and use of originality' was 19.4% and 'harmonious relationship with fellow workers' was 18.1%. 'Job environment' was 7.1% and 'harmonious relationship with higher workers' was 4.5%. 4. The level workers' view of job was $113.8{\pm}17.3$ points on the basis of 150 points. On the basis of 75 points, each item showed it points in order of self-development($22.3{\pm}3.8$), service for customers($20.1{\pm}3.1$), vocational mission($15.6{\pm}3.1$), harmony with the others($18.9{\pm}3.5$), working environment($18.6{\pm}3.6$), and working condition($14.3{\pm}5.1$). 5. Among the reasons why they considered leaving the job, 24.0% of them considered it because they could not free time, while 15.4% considered it because undesirable living environment or long distance from home. 15.0% thought it because they could not receive proper treatment as much as they worked and 12.8% thought they overworked. 6. When they move into new working places, they consider such factors as good working environment(24.1%), good place to open their own beauty shops(16.7%), good beauty shop to learn beauty skill(15.6%), chance to have job training(9.5%), and close place from home(9.0%). 7. 40.6% of the respondents wanted to leave the job, while 32.3% of them did not want to leave the job. The intention of leaving the displayed significant difference in the variables of age, working period, monthly income, marital status, the number of workers, location of the shop, rank, and reason of selecting the job. 8. According to the results of a regression analysis of factors which influenced job satisfaction, it was affected significantly by intention of leaving job, the number of workers, health condition, level of stress, and monthly income. The beauty shop workers showed low satisfaction level with working environment, working condition, and working mission, They considered leaving the job because of lack of free time, overwork, poor working environment, improper treatment, etc. Therefore, related professionals and organizations must device adequate measures in order to make them work with pride as creators of beauty.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2015

Objective : This study aimed to develop and preliminary validate the Mibyeong Questionnaire (MQ) based on Deficiency-Stagnation pattern, which was report of a person's health condition that comes directly from the person. Method : The first phage of developing a MQ was to generate and exhaustive list of all MQ issue that are relevant to the domain of interest, using literature research and expert group discussions. Through those steps, we established MQ with 33 items divided into two parts: 21-item deficiency pattern and 12-item stagnation pattern. The second phage, we examined the preliminary tests of reliability and validity including the 16-item Deficiency of MQ (16D-MQ), with data (n=1,890) already collected on the Korean medicine data center in KIOM. Results : Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors of the 16D-MQ. These factors were fatigue(Qi, 氣); psychic and physical elements(Shen, 神); and skin and hair(Jing, 精). Cronbach's coefficient alpha was 0.876 and the intraclass correlation coefficients was 0.368-0.538. In support of criteria validity, the 16D-MQ was weakly correlated with EQ-5D and physicians's opinion, but it was acceptable. Conclusion : The MQ shows that it has an appropriate level of internal consistency and validity. We think further study to reveal its reliability and validity, including stagnation pattern as well as deficiency pattern, is needed.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 2004년 7월 31일 우리나라의 미용정보화 실태에 대해 조사 분석한다. 미용의 3대 주체에 대한 웹 서비스 조사에서, 교육기관 363개 중 정규교육기관은 100%, 사설 직업교육기관은 15.5%, 재료상 767개 중 8.74 %, 미용실 77,546개 중 0.38% 이었다. 소프트웨어는 12개의 미용고객관리 프로그램업체와 3개의 헤어기술 프로그램이 있었다. 미용기술을 보유한 전임교수의 부족으로 미용기술 정보화 자료 및 부가가치의 창출은 낮았다. 따라서 미용장협회와 보건복지부가 미용정보화 협의체를 구성하여, 미용주체별로 홈페이지를 연결하고 미용기술 자료의 웹 데이터베이스를 만든다. 미용정보 시스템의 통합화 및 공유화는 우리나라 미용에 대해 시너지 효과를 나타낼 것이다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.157-176
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 유아들의 식습관과 식품 선호도에 관한 최근의 실태와 문제점을 살펴보고 각종 조미료와 식품첨가물이 함유된 인스턴트식품과 패스트푸드, 불량식품에 무방비로 노출되고 길들여진 유아들의 식습관을 개선시켜 주고자 실시한 "위험한 먹거리 프로그램"이 효과가 있는지 알아보기 위한 것이었다. 연구 대상은 연구자가 운영하고 있는 어린이집 만5세 유아들로, 2달 동안 매일 "위험한 먹거리 프로그램"이 실시되었다. 이 프로그램은 먹거리와 건강에 관한 부모의 인식과 유아의 식습관을 파악하기 위한 설문 조사, 유아들을 대상으로 자신들이 먹고 있는 음식에 대한 관심 유도 프로그램, 운동프로그램, 건강식품과 불량식품에 대한 충분한 정보 제공, 인스턴트식품과 패스트푸드가 인체에 미칠 수 있는 악영향에 대한 정보 제공 등의 다양한 프로그램으로 구성되었다. 또한 본 프로그램은 유아들의 신체 변화에 미친 영향을 파악하기 위해서 프로그램 실시 전에는 아동의 체내 중금속(독성미네랄) 상태를 측정하기 위한 SH제약의 모발검사와 프로그램 실시 전후로 유아의 체중, 골격근량, 체지방, BMI, 체지방률 등을 측정하기 위한 일산 보건소의 건강 검진 진단(INBODY) 프로그램을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, '위험한 먹거리 프로그램' 과정에 참여했던 부모의 의식이 바뀌면서 안전하지 않은 음식들이 식단에서 배제되었다, 둘째, 유아 스스로 자료를 찾고 토론하며 식품을 분석. 실험하는 과정을 통해 자신이 먹는 음식에 대한 관심도가 높아지게 되어 패스트푸드와 인스턴트식품 같은 안전하지 않은 식품에 대한 자제력 향상으로 이어졌다. 셋째, 운동프로그램을 병행하면서 유아들의 체질이 개선되는 결과를 측정할 수 있었다. 넷째, 유아들의 먹거리 습관을 개선시킬 수 있는 다양한 활동들로 구성된 프로그램을 통해 아동들은 야채, 잡곡밥, 과일 등을 골고루 먹는 균형 잡힌 식습관이 형성되었다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 "위험한 먹거리 프로그램"이 유아의 식습관을 개선시키는 데 효과가 있었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.1456-1471
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• 2018

이 논문은 노령견이 필요한 영양을 다루며, 노령견이 필요로 하는 영양평가를 검토하고, 노령화와 관련하여 흔히 발생할 수 있는 영양의 문제점들을 등을 제시하고자 한다. 즉, 이연구의 목표는 노령견의 노령화와 관련된 생리적인 변화, 필수영양소 및 그와 관련된 질병을 탐구하는데 있다. 2002년의 조사에 의하면, 미국에서 기르는 반려견의 30%-40%는 나이가 7세이상이라고 한다. 유렵의 경우 1983년과 1995년을 비교했을 때 나이가 7세이상의 반려견의 수는 약 50% 늘었다고 한다. 2012에 미국에서 실시한 이메일 조사에 의하면, 50,347명의 응답자 중에서 33.2%가 6살-10살의 노령견을 기르고 있으며, 11살이상의 노령견을 기르는 응답자는 14.7%라고 한다. 가정에서 기르는 반려견의 평균수명은 건강관리, 노령화 및 영양에 영향을 받는다. 그리고 견종, 유전, 영양, 환경 등의 요소에 따라서 노령화의 정도가 다르다. 10살이 넘은 많은 반려견들이 활력이 넘치고 건강하다고 할지라도, 대부분의 반려견들은 5세-6세가 되면, 노령화와 관련된 징조를 보이기 시작한다. 여러가지 질병을 치유할 수 있는 의학의 발달과 영양의 발달로 인하여, 반려견의 평균수명은 점점 증가하고 있다. '노령견을 위한 영양의 목표'는 노령견이 건강하고 활력 넘치게 하며, 노령과 관련된 건강상의 문제가 늦게 시작되고, 노령화를 지연시키며, 삶의 질을 향상시키며, 기대수명을 늘리는데 있다. 노령화는 생리적인 변화를 가져온다. 우리가 육안으로 명백하게 느낄 수 있는 변화들은 털의 색깔이 하얗게 변하는 것, 몸의 기력이 떨어는 것, 시각이나 청각 등의 감각기관에 문제가 오는 것 등이 있으며, 표면적으로 느끼기 어려운 변화들은 소화관, 면역시스템, 신장 등 장기와 관련된 생리적인 변화들이다. 반려견이 필요로 하는 영양은 나이에 따라서 다르다. 또한 노령화가 진행됨에 따라서 발생할 수 있는 영양과 관련된 많은 질병들이 있으며, 이러한 질병에는 영양이 매우 중요하다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.389-409
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• 1999

This study was carried out to identify the differences between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction of postpartum women during the early postpartum period. The goal of this study was to obtain needed to develope the nursing quality for postpartum women. The subjects were 87 postpartum women who had vaginal delivery at 2 general hospital and 2 maternity hospital in the Ulsan City. The period for the data collection was from June 1 to 29, 1999. The data was gathered using an 98 items questionnaire which was a modified version of a questionnaire the developed by Y. J. Chun. Results found are as follows : 1. The general characteristics of the subjects : The majority of subjects were 25-29 yrs. (57.5%), high school and college graduates(96.5%), unemployed(75.9%), middle ranged economics(93.1%), had no religion(43.7%), male baby(52.9%), birth weight 3-3.5Kg(49.4%), wanted pregnancy(96.6%), no abortion history(50.6%), had antenatal care(89.7%), had prenatal education(32.2%), postnatal education(42.5%), intended breast feeding (46.0%), had resonable self confidence about self(20.7%), infant care(36.8%) and nuclear family pattern(82.3%). 2. The level of nursing needs of overall nursing care(3.93) and the levels of satisfaction(3.86) was relatively high. The nursing needs by category of nursing care, the highest need was in the emotional and psychological care(4.09), and the lowest need was in physical need(3.73). The satisfactions by category of nursing care, the highest satisfaction was in emotional and psychological care(4.11) and the lowest satisfaction was in education in self care(3.64). The significant differences between nursing needs and satisfactions were found on education in infant care(p=.005), and education in self care(p=.020). 3. Among items of physical care, 'accurate medication and treatment(4.21)', 'control of postpartum hemorrhage(4.13)', 'pain control and care of episiotomy wound (4.12)' and 'regular observation of postpartum conditions(4.09)' showed high nursing needs. 'Accurate medication and treatment(4.31)', 'regular observation of postpartum condition(4.24)', 'control of postpartum hemorrhage(4.22)' and 'pain control and care of episiotomy wound(4.12)' showed high satisfaction levels. 4. Among items of emotional and psychological care, 'personal treatment(4.32)', kind and faithful care(4.30)', 'detailed explanation on the treatment or nursing care(4.25)', 'adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.23)' and detailed explanation on a doubt(4.13)', showed high nursing needs, 'personal treatment(4.52)', 'kind and faithful care(4.45)', 'detailed explanation on a doubt(4.24)', 'detailed explanation on the treatment or nursing care(4.21)' and 'adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.18)' showed high satisfaction of nursing care. Difference between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant except item of 'early contacts with their baby and breast feeding'. 5. Among items of environmental care, the highest level of need and satisfaction were on the items of 'neat bedding and clothes(4.05, 4.21)' and 'room cleansing or care of room(4.01, 4.28)'. Differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction were 'room cleansing of care of room'. 6. Among items of educational needs on self care, 'sitz bath method(4.22)', 'high risk symptoms to immediate clinic visits(4.13)', 'the timing of tub bath(4.05)' and 'good secretion of breast milk(4.03)', showed high nursing needs, 'sitz bath method(4.22)' showed high satisfaction of nursing care. Differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction were 'the timing of hair shampoo', 'the timing of tub bath', ' the method of pad change', 'postpartum exercise', 'good secretion of breast milk', 'maintenance of breast figure', 'contraindicated drugs in postpartum women', 'kegel exercise' and 'breast self examination'. 7. Among items of educational needs on infant care, 'immunization of infants(4.36)', 'symptoms of sickness to immediate clinic visits(4.28)'. 'safety and emergency care(4.28)', 'umbilical care(4.26)', 'feeding times and intervals(4.24)', 'normal growth and development of infant(4.24)' and 'infection control(4.22)', showed high level of nursing care, 'immunization of infants(4.21)', 'feeding times and intervals(4.17)', were high satisfaction items showed significant differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction. 8. Relationship between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction among postpartum women were as follows : 1) Physical area : There were no significant differences in the level of nursing needs, but satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'working mothers', 'baby's weights', 'baby's sex', 'planning of feeding' and 'routes of receiving postpartum informations'. 2) Emotional and psychological area : The level of nursing needs were significantly different in the area of 'confidence in self care'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'baby's sex', 'baby's weights', 'the confidence of infant care' and 'working mother'. 3) Environment area : There were on significant differences in the level of nursing needs, but satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'maternal age' and 'baby's weights'. 4) Education in self care : The level of nursing needs were significantly different among 'parity history' and 'type of family formation'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'working mother', 'baby's sex', 'antenatal care', 'postpartum education', 'planning of feeding', 'routes of receiving postpartum informations'. 5) Education in infant care area : The level of nursing needs were significantly different among 'parity history'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'baby's sex', 'receiving postpartum education or not' and 'working mother'.