• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2445-2451
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• 2016

Background: To evaluate knowledge of Bangkok women regarding HPV and self-sampled HPV testing, and their attitudes towards testing. Materials and Methods: Thai women who had lived in Bangkok for more than 5 years, aged 25-to-65 years old, were invited to join the study. Participating women were asked to a complete self-questionnaire (Thai language), with literate assistance as needed. The questionnaire was divided into 3 parts: (I) demographic data, (II) knowledge and (III) attitudes towards self-sampled HPV testing. Before proceeding to Part III of the questionnaire, a 15-minute educational video of self-sampled HPV testing was presented to all participants. Results: Among 2,810 women who answered the questionnaires, 33.7% reported that they did not know about HPV. The characteristic features of these women were older age (> 50 years), lower income (< 600 USD/month), unemployed status, and non-attendees at cervical cancer screening. Only small numbers of women (4.6%) responded that they had heard about self-sampled HPV testing. After having information, 59.6% would not use the self-sampled HPV testing as a method of cervical cancer screening (non-acceptance). Factors significantly associated with the non-acceptance were older age, lower income, having no knowledge about HPV or self-collected HPV testing, a perception that the testing was unreliable and a concern that they might not be able to perform it correctly. Conclusions: Nearly half and almost all Bangkok women did not know about HPV and self-sampled HPV testing, respectively. Approximately 60% of Bangkok women refused to do the self-sampled HPV testing. Significant negative attitudes were concerns that the testing would be unreliable and a lack of confidence to perform the procedure correctly. Education about HPV and self-sampled HPV testing, ease of the procedure, or the testing models may increase rate of acceptability or positive attitudes.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권52호
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• pp.331.1-331.17
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• 2018

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection and is associated with the development of cervical cancer. The purpose of this report is to provide the literature evidences on selecting the HPV vaccine for national immunization program (NIP) in Korea. To complete these tasks, we reviewed domestic and foreign literature on the current status of HPV infection, efficacy and effectiveness of HPV vaccine, safety of vaccine and cost effectiveness analysis of vaccination business. Given that the median age of first sexual intercourse is continuing to fall, this may have serious implications for HPV infection and cervical cancer incidence at the age of 20s. The World Health Organization recommends that the HPV vaccination should be included in the NIP being implemented in each country. Both the bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines have a 90% or greater preventive efficacy on cervical intraepithelial lesion 2-3 and cervical cancer by the HPV 16 or HPV 18. In the future, if HPV vaccination rate as part of NIP increases, it is expected that the incidence of HPV infection, genital warts, and cervical precancerous lesions will be decreased in the vaccination age group. Therefore, in order to increase the HPV vaccination rate at this point in Korea, social consensus and efforts such as the introduction and promotion of HPV vaccine to the NIP according to appropriate cost-effectiveness analysis are required.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effect of Bombycis corpus on reproductive dysfunction caused by aging. Methods: The experimental group was divided into three groups: a control group consisting of 8-week-old male ICR mice without any treatment, An aging-elicited group (AE group) consisting of 50-week-old ICR male mice without any treatment, and a Bombycis corpus treatment group (BC group) consisting of 50-week-old ICR male mice with treatment Bombycis corpus extract (0.78 g/kg/day) for 6 months. After 6 months, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry of the testis were performed to investigate the effects of Bombycis corpus on the reproductive dysfunction caused by aging. Results: In the first step, Bombycis corpus increased spermatogenesis and distribution of sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule, increased BrdU positive reaction in the spermatogonium at the basal part of the seminiferous tubule, and decreased the apoptosis of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule. In addition, Bombycis corpus increased AR positive in Sertoli cells and $17{\beta}-HSD$ positive in leydig cells. Finally, Bombycis corpus decreased 8-OHdG positivite reaction in the spermatids of the seminiferous lumen, caspase-3 positivity in leydig cells, and HDAC1 positivite reaction in sertoli cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that Bombycis corpus increases spermatogenesis, decreases apoptosis of leydig cells and Sertoli cells, increases the production and action of testosterone in the testis, and inhibits DNA damages and DNA transcripts decrease in the testis, Thereby improving reproductive dysfunction caused by aging.

• 대한한의정보학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the affected part acupuncture moving treatment for acute radial nerve palsy patient who has Cervical Herniation. Methods : We examined 1 patient with Radial nerve palsy who admitted Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine. The patient was treated by the affected part acupuncture moving treatment including herbal mixture. Results : In this study, in the end of affected part acupuncture moving treatment, patient's condition has improved. Muscle strength was also increased. Conclusions : The affected part acupuncture moving treatment for acute radial nerve palsy was effective in restore of functional activities, but this treatment needs more study.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.69-87
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• 2014

Objectives: We analyzed retrospective clinical data of Korean medical institutes for infertility care and investigated current status and outcome of the Korean medical treatment of infertility as a part of foundational research for verifying validity of constructing national support system and developing appropriate policy on Korean medical treatment of infertility. Methods: We investigated data uploaded on the homepage of The Society of Korean Medicine for Subfertility (http://www.okinfertility.org) by Korean medical institutes for infertility care to get informations such as patients' age, body height, weight, methods of Korean medical treatment, cost and duration of treatment, success or failure of pregnancy and result of treatment. Results: The average age of patients was $33.1{\pm}3.8$ and the average body height was $161.2{\pm}5.3cm$ and the average body weight was $55.2{\pm}8.5kg$. The method of Korean medical treatment was Herbal medicine (97.5%), acupuncture (80.4%), moxibustion (57.7%), cupping (32.7%). The average cost of treatment was $1,160,625{\pm}882,499$ won, and the average medical cost per visit was $357,845{\pm}241,602$ won. The average duration of treatment was $11.26{\pm}10.58$ weeks, and the average number of visits per patient was $4.78{\pm}6.10$ times. The average duration of treatment was the longest in the group of infertile patients with the highest average medical cost per visit. The average pregnancy success rate was 30.9% overall, and that of the group of infertile patients was 25.8%. Conclusions: When we develop the standard project model with expectation for about 25% success rate of pregnancy and delivery in the group of patients who have idiopathic and ovulatory factors, it is desirable to perform acupuncture and moxibustion treatment 1-2 times a week with herbal medicine. The treatment period is set to at least 12 weeks. Average treatment fee maybe calculated by converting the averaged treatment cost of clinic's one month worth of daily treatment fee and medical hospital's ten day treatment fee into weekly treatment cost.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate DNA fragmentation status in human spermatozoa according to specific tail swelling patterns determined via hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST). Methods: Frozen semen samples from 21 healthy donors were thawed and prepared by the swim-up technique for use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The semen samples were treated for 5 minutes as part of the HOST procedure and then underwent the sperm chromatin dispersion test using a Halosperm kit. DNA fragmentation status (large halo, medium halo, small halo, no halo, or degraded) and the specific tail swelling pattern ("a"-"g") were assessed at the level of a single spermatozoon. A total of 42,000 spermatozoa were analyzed, and the percentage of spermatozoa without DNA fragmentation (as evidenced by a large or medium halo) was assessed according to the specific tail swelling patterns observed. Results: The HOST examinations showed that > 93% of spermatozoa across all types displayed no DNA fragmentation. The percentage of spermatozoa without DNA fragmentation was 100% in type "d", 98.67% in type "g", and 98.17% in type "f" spermatozoa. Conclusion: We found that the type "d" spermatozoa displayed no DNA fragmentation, but the other types of spermatozoa also displayed very low rates of DNA fragmentation. This result may be associated with the processing of the spermatozoa by density gradient centrifugation and the swim-up technique.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2018

Attending the operation room is an essential part of surgical clerkships. Syncope or presyncopal attacks in the operation room may negatively affect students' learning and career development. This study set out to identify the prevalence of syncope and presyncopal attacks in the operation room during medical students' surgical clerkships. Data from 420 medical students (303 men and 117 women) in their 3rd year of clerkship were collected between 2014 and 2017. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to assess the prevalence and degree of syncope and presyncopal symptoms. A total of 27% of the respondents had experienced syncope or presyncopal symptoms, 49.6% of the female students and 18.8% of the male students (p<0.001). Fifty students (43.5%) had been attending as observers at the time of the syncopal attack, while 65 students (56.5%) had been participating as assistants. Thirty-four students (29.6%) had recently eaten at the time of the syncopal attack, while 81 students (70.4%) had not recently eaten. Prodromal symptoms included the urge to sit down (21.2%), sweating (19.3%), nausea (16.9%), a feeling of warmth (13.3%), darkened vision (12.6%), yawning (11.7%), palpitation (11.0%), ear fullness (10.2%), black spots in one's vision (7.6%), and hyperventilation (7.1%). This study showed the prevalence of syncope and presyncopal symptoms in the operation room during surgical clerkships. For students' safety and effective clerkship learning, thorough proactive education on syncopal attacks is required.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.239-257
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• 2007

Purpose : In the part of Ob & Gy disease, the health insurance application is very limited. This study has been performed for gaining the basic data of enlargement of insurance coverage and reform of the insurance system corresponded with real clinical conditions. Methods : The survey has been practiced twice, the subjective questionnaire was used at the first survey. Then the questionnaire written using the results of first survey was distributed to the Korean medical doctors(KMD) who participated in the autumn symposium of the society of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology. Results : 1. The main Ob & Gy disease that the acupuncture treatment has been used actually or thought be positively necessary on the clinic were Dysmenorrhea(including premenstrual syndrome), Climacteric syndrome, Menstrual disorder, Postpartum Pain syndrome. Amenorrhea, Low back pain with pregnancy, JingHa(pelvic tumor), Infertility etc. 2. The main additional complex the sick and wounded names given to visiting patients for Ob & Gy disease as the limits of acupuncture items of insurance coverage were Low back Pain(J10), Qi-stasis(B13.0), SimHwaHangYeom(C2l.1). 3. Suitable the sick and wounded name of Ob & Gy disease thought be added in BokGangNae(Intra-abdominal acupuncture: CV13 ${\cdot}$CV16${\cdot}$CV10). TuJa(Puncture each adjoining acu-points in one insertion : SP6-GB39), TuJa(PC6-TE5) among acupuncture items of insurance coverage were Dysmenorrhea(K05). Menstrual disorder(K02) and Dysmenorrhea(K05), Hyperemesis(K16.0). 4. Climacteric syndrome(K04) and Dysmenorrhea(K05) should be added as suitable the sick and wounded name of TuJa(SP6-GB39), and Postpartum pain syndrome(K29) as KwanJeolGangNea(Intra-articular acupuncture: S35, LE201). Conclusion : Standing on this study, additional survey to general KMD should be continued. And the academic verifications through the oriental medical literatures and RCT papers on acupuncture should be also required.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.628-634
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• 2002

A microfilament-based motility in Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) Is involved in host cell invasion, yet the exact mechanism has not yet been determined. Accordingly, the current study examined the localization of actin and tubulin in T gondii using immunofluorescent (IF) and immunogold staining for electron microscopy. Indirect immunofluorescence (IF) staining using anti-actin and anti-tubulin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) revealed localization of fluorescence on the entire surface of the tachyzoites. The actin in T. gondii was observed by immunogold staining, and the gold particles were seen on the surface, especially at the anterior end and in the cytoplasm of the parasite. However, there were no gold particles in the nucleus, rhoptries, and dense granules. The tubulin in T gondii was located on the surface and in the cytoplasm of the tachyzoites in the extracellular parasite, compared with anterior part of tachyzoites in the intracellular parasite. The antigens of T gondii recognized by anti-actin mAb were 107 kDa, 50 kDa, 48 kDa, and 40 kDa proteins, while those recognized by anti-tubulin mAb were 56 kDa, 52 kDa, and 34 kDa proteins. Tachyzoites of T gondii pretreated with the actin inhibitor, cytochalasin D (20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and tubulin inhibitor, colchicine (2$\times$10$\^$-6/ M), for 30 min at 37$\^{C}$ were used to infect the isolated mouse macrophages (tachyzo ites:macrophage=2:1). Pretreatment with the inhibitors resulted in lower multiplication of tachyzoites within the macrophages than in the untreated group 18 h post infection (p<0.05). Therefore, the present results suggest that actin and tubulin appear to be involved in the invasion of and multiplication in host cells.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.174-185
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate all postpartum care center in Seoul about its state of doctors' linkage and oriental medical treatment. Methods: From May 1st 2011 to July 10th 2011, survey was done using a selfmade questionnaire by phone or visit. There were 12 categories including the state of doctors' linkage in postpartum care centers, treatment form of oriental medical doctors, utilization of herbal medicine and so on. The data collected was analyzed using Excel 2007 FOR WINDOWS. Results: 1. The doctors' linkage with postpartum centers included pediatricians(96.1%), oriental medicine doctors(61.2%), and gynecologists(34.0%). Of those postpartum centers, 66% had both pediatrician and oriental medical doctor which were the vast majority. 2. Out of 70 postpartum centers providing herbal medicine, 9 of them were supplied of herbal medicine by herb sellers(not doctor). Where as, at 63 oriental medical doctors-affiliated centers, 85.7% of them had oriental medical doctors' examinations. 3. Out of 70 postpartum centers providing herbal medicine, personalized prescription amounted to 35(50.0%), same prescriptions amounted to 34(48.6%), and 1(1.4%) refused to answer. 4. Out of all the patients that received explanation about the effects of herbal medicine, 62.9% had them explained by oriental medical doctors. Conclusions: These findings suggests that oriental medical doctors are actively involved with postpartum care centers but problems surfaced regarding individualized prescription insufficiency and the lack of administration. In the near future, if the expertise expand in the areas of pediatrics as well as obstetrics and gynecology, oriental medicine will have a more solid role in postpartum care part.